rf}tf/L
clen]vfno
cfw'lgs If]Kof:qsf cufl8 ef]ssf] If]Kof:q anjfg x'G5
lxl;nf old
cS6f]a/, !^, @))#
clxn] ljZj o'4do x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 . t/, of] lxhf] h:tf] k|ToIf b]lvg], df]rf{j4
9+usf], k/Dk/fut o'4 eGbf klg a9\bf] ¿kdf of] Go"g 3gTj o'4 snfsf]
¿kdf -cyjf 5fkfdf/ o'4 snf_ k|s6 x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 . If]Kof:qsf] lj?4df
9+'uf, P6d\ adsf] lj?4df dfgj ad\, xjfO{ cfqmd0fsf] lj?4 h+un cfqmd0f, ljB'tLo
;+rf/sf] lj?4 dfgjLo ;+rf/, ef}lts cfqmd0fsf] lj?4 j}rfl/s cfqmd0f cflb OToflb
. of] Ps b]z lj?4 csf]{df nlIft eGbf klg Pp6} b]zleq u[xo'4sf] ¿kdf ljsl;t
eO/x]sf] b]lvG5 . /, of] u[xo'4 b]zsf] ;Qfwf/L kIfsf] lj?4df dfq geP/ ;fd|fHojfb,
To;df klg d"ntM cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] lj?4df nlIft x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 .
o; o'4df Psflt/ ;Qfwf/L kIf 5, h;nfO{ xft xltof/, tflnd, nlhl:6sb]lv lnP/ cfly{s
;xfotf lbP/ lj:tf/jfb, ;fd|fHojfbn] ;fy lbO/x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ ljb|f]xL kIf
5, hf]l;t efjgf 5, ljrf/ 5, ljb|f]xsf] cfqmf]z 5, hgtf 5 t/ k};f 5}g, xftxltof/
5}g, ljb]zL ;xfotf 5}g . em§ x]bf{ Pp6f cg's"n kl/l:yltdf nl8/x]sf]
5 / csf]{ k|lts"n cj:yfdf nl8/x]sf] b]lvG5 . To;}n] o;nfO{ c;dfg o'4 klg
elgG5 .
;fwf/0ftM dgf]lj1fgsf] e"ldsf o'4df /xG5 g}, t/ o:tf] c;dfg o'4df dgf]lj1fgsf]
e"ldsf ljb|f]xL kIfsf] nflu emg\ cfjZos x'G5 . kxnsbdL cfgf] xftdf
lnP/ yf]/}n] w]/}nfO{ k/f:t ug]{ of] o'4snfdf dgf]jnsf] k|Zg cxd\ dfq geP/ lg0ff{os
x'G5 . To;}n] klg 5fkfdf/ o'4nfO{ d"ntM dgf]j}1flgs o'4 klg eGg] ul/G5
.
dfG5] s] sf] nflu n8\5, d5{ cyjf s] ;dfKtLsf] nflu / s] k|flKtsf] nflu n8\5
< of] g} o'4sf] dgf]lj1fg xf] . of] k|i6 s'/f xf] ls dfG5]nfO{ cfgf]
Hofg ;d]t u'dfpg] u/L n8\gsf] nflu r'DjsLo nIo x'g} kb{5 . dfG5]sf] dgf]jn s;/L
a9\5 t < o;df b'O{j6f kIf x'G5 M Pp6f j}rfl/s kIf csf]{ k|fljlws kIf . j}rfl/s
kIf o'4/t kIfn] af]s]sf] ljrf/ slQsf] j}1flgs 5, To;sf] eljio 5 ls 5}g / To;
ljrf/n] ax';+Vos hgtfnfO{ lxt k'¥ofpF5 ls k'¥ofpFb}g oL s'/fdf cfwfl/t
x'G5 . o;sf] csf]{ kIf k|fljlws xf] . o;df of]hgf, nlhl:6s, xftxltof/ cflb kb{5g\
. o;sf] ;kmntf To;sf] r':ttfdf cfwfl/t x'G5 . of] c;dfg o'4df ;QfkIfn] a9L k|fljlw
kIfdf hf]8 lbg vf]Hb5 eg] ljb|f]xL kIfn] a9L j}rfl/s kIfdf Wofg lbg vf]Hb5 .
t/, oxfF s] a'em\g' kb{5 eg] ljb|f]xL kIf eGgfn] Tof] juL{o o'4 n8\g] kIf xf]
ls u}/ juL{o o'4 n8\g] kIf xf], Tof] a'em\g' h?/L x'G5 . juL{o o'4 n8\g]n] -;j{xf/fju{sf]
g]t[Tjdf n8\g] o'4_ ljrf/nfO{ k|fyldstf lbP/ ljj]snfO{ ljrf/sf] clwgdf /fVg
vf]Hb5 . cyf{t\ Tof] ljrf/ cu|ufdL rl/qsf] x'G5 hf] ljutsf] Oltxf;af6 kf7 l;Sb}
jt{dfg w/ftnsf] oyfy{dfly 6]s]/ eljiok|lt nlIft x'G5 . ctM of] ;du| / lb3{sfnLg
rl/qsf] x'G5 . hals u}/ juL{o o'4 n8\g]sf] ljrf/ pgLx¿n] u'dfPsf] ;+:s[lt,
/Lltl/jfh, wd{ cyjf k'/fgf] ljrf/df cfwfl/t x'G5, h;sf] eljio x'Fb}g . ctM To;
;d'bfon] cfkm"dfly k/]sf] zf]if0f, cGofo, cTofrf/, c;dfg Jojxf/nfO{ k[ys¿kdf
cfqmf]z, abnfsf] efjgfdf a9L s]Gb|Lt u/L j}rfl/s kIfnfO{ e"tsfndf s}b ug{
vf]Hb5 .
juL{o o'4 n8\g] n8fOF ;du| o'4 ePs} sf/0fn] o;n] juL{o d'lQmsf] ;Fu;Fu} hflto,
ln+uLo, If]qLo d'lQm klg ;d]6\g' kb{5 . /, of] ;a}vfn] zf]if0f, ;Qf / o'4nfO{
g} ;dfKt ug]{ o'4 xf] . t;y{ o;df ;r]tgsf] e"lddf lg0ff{os x'G5 . of] cfd
hgtfdf 3gLe"t x'g] o'4 ePsf]n] o;n] o'4/t of]4fx¿ dfq geP/ cfd hgtfsf]
klg ?kfGt/0fsf] dfu ub{5 . To;}n] juL{o n8fOF dgf]j}1flgs o'4 dfq geP/ of] /fhgLlt;Fu
clt 3lge"t eP/ n8\g] dgf]j}1flgs o'4 xf] . t;y{ hgo'4 z'?x'g' cufl8 g}
hgof]4f / hgtfnfO{ klxn] b]lv g} /fhg}lts¿kn] k|lzlIft u/]/ pgLx¿sf]
/fhg}lts dgf]jn a9fpg] sfd ub{5 . of] hgtfsf] cfwf/df n8\g] o'4 ePsf]n] ubf{
dfcf]n] ;7Ls 9+un] eGg'ePsf] 5, kf6L{ / hgtfsf] ;DaGw eg]sf] df5f / kfgLsf]
;DaGw h:t} xf] . hxfF ;d'b| hgtf ;/x xf] / To;df t}/g] kf6L{ sfo{stf{ x'g\ .
ctM kfgL /lx/x];Dd df5f afFRg kfOG5, t}/g kfOG5, To;}n] hgtfsf] ;xof]u, ;xeflutf
/ ;dy{g o'4/t kf6L{sf] nflu yk dgf]jnsf] >f]t x'G5 . hals ;Qf;]gf ;]gfsf]
;aeGbf dgf]jn lu/g] 7fFp k|ydtM p;sf] j}1flgs ljrf/sf] cefj, bf]>f] hgtfsf]
;dy{gsf] cefj . t;y{ ;]gfsf] dgf]jn a9fpg] If]q, 5l/tf] nlhl:6ssf] Joj:yf, tflndk|fKt
hgzlQm xf], hf] jf:tjdf dgf]lj1fgsf] k|fljlws kIf dfq xf] . ljrf/sf] cefjdf
;Qfwf/Ln] cfgf] ;]gfsf] dgf]jn a9fpgsf] nflu Ps t em'6sf] v]tL ug{ k'Ub5
clg To;dfly /S;L, /08LjfhL, anfTsf/ ug{ nufP/ s[ltd\ k'?iffy{ dgf]jn a9fpg vf]Hb5
. Tof] klg cfgf] ju{sf] hgtfsf] lj?4 . olx+g]/ juL{o o'4 xfFSg] of]4fx¿n]
dgf]j}1flgs 1fgsf] dxTj a'em\g' cem h?/L x'G5 . k|l;4 lrlgofF o'4 ljz]if1 ;'gh'n]
eg] em}+ Tof] n8fOF ;aeGbf pQd n8fOF xf] hf] b'Zdgl;t gn8Lsg lhTg] n8fOF . o;cg';f/
b'ZdgnfO{ ef}lts¿kdf l;Wofpg' eGbf klg j}rfl/s ¿kdf, dgf]j}1flgs
¿kdf l;Wofpg' xf] . t;y{ cfg} ju{df k/]sf] t/ zf]ifsju{sf] kIfdf
n8\g afWo ePsf ;]gfnfO{ hgof]4fn] ljrf/ / Jojxf/af6 k|efljt kf/]/ cfgf]
kIfdf tfGg ;Sg' kb{5 . To;}n] hgo'4df sf;gsf] dgf]j}1flgs dxTj w]/} x'G5 . To:t}
hgo'4df cfkm"nfO{ arfpg' eg]sf] ;j{k|yd\ Tof] j}rfl/s ¿kdf cfkm"nfO{
arfpg'sf] ¿kdf a'em\g' kb{5 . clg dfq ef}lts¿kdf cfkm" ar]sf]
dxTj x'G5 . To;}n] hgo'4df sfo/ hLjg latfpg' eGbf axfb"/Lk"0f{ dg'{
a9L dxTj x'G5 . t;y{ To;/L dg{sf] nflu klg hgof]4fsf] dgf]jn pRr x'g' h?/L x'G5
. ;fob To;}n] xf]nf sfn{ dfS;{n] eGg'ePsf] M hLjg d/f];\ t/ d[To' gafFrf];\
. ;fy} b'ZdgnfO{ k|xf/ ubf{ Ps k6s PsnfO{ k|xf/ ug]{ ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 . cyjf
k|wfg zq'nfO{ klxnf] k|xf/ ug]{, aLrtKsfnfO{ ;fDo kfg]{, tNnf] tKsfnfO{ cfkm"lt/
tfGg] ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 .
of] o'4 ;Lwf d'7e]8 gu/]/ b'ZdgnfO{ 6'qmf 6'qmfdf n8\g] n8fOF xf] . t;y{ b'ZdgnfO{
lrGg', p;sf] sdhf]/L kIfdf lxsf{pg', p;nfO{ ysfpg', p;nfO{ PSnfpg', p;}af6 uNtL
u/fpg' o'4 z}nL ckgfpg' kb{5 . h;df /fhg}lts dgf]lj1fgsf] 1fg ckl/xfo{ x'G5
.
g]kfndf xfn rln/x]sf] u[xo'4df oL dflysf lgodx¿ nfu" eO/x]sf] k|ToIf
b]lvG5 . Psflt/ dWoo'lug /fhtflGqs ;Qf 5 h;nfO{ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] k|ToIf
;fy lbO/fv]sf] 5, csf]{lt/ g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ 5 h;nfO{ s'g} ljb]zn] ;fy lbPsf]
5}g . t/, k'/fgf] ;Qfl;t ljrf/ 5}g, hgtf 5}g hals o'4/t g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_l;t
b'j} 5 . c? t c? p;sf] kIfdf n8\g] clwsf+z k|x/L ;]gf p;sf] ju{leq klg kb}{g
. ctM p;n] cfgf] ;]gf k|x/Lsf] dgf]jn a9fpgsf] nflu cfw'lgs xftxltof/
dfq gk'u]/ em"7f] s'/f klg af]Ng afWo ePsf] 5 . dg]{df cfgf] kIfdf
sd eGbf sd b]vfpg] / ljkIfsf a9L eGbf a9L df/]sf] b]vfpg afWo ePsf] 5 . slt
36gfx¿ t pNn]v ;d]t gu/]/ emg\ To;sf] pN6f] va/ lbg afWo ePsf] 5 . t;y{,
p;n] hgo'4df hgtfsf] ;xeflutfnfO{ dfgj9fn agfPsf] b]Vg k'Ub5 . hgo'4df dlxnfx?sf]
;xeflutfnfO{ p;n] hg;]gfsf] nflu dgf]/~hgsf] ;fwg b]Vg k'Ub5 . k|wfg / uf}0f
b'Zdgcg';f/ ug]{ Jojxf/nfO{ p;n] cj;/jfb b]Vg k'Ub5 . g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_n]
k|:tfj u/]sf] zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLlts lgsf;nfO{ p;n] sfo/tf eg]/ a'em\g k'Ub5
. hals hgo'4 xfFSg] g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_n] cfgf] nIob]lv lnP/ cfkm"n]
u/]sf] uNtLnfO{ ;d]t g8/fOsg hgtfsf] cufl8 5n{ª /flv cfPsf] 5 .
c? t c? ;Qfwf/Lsf] cfg} dgf]jn klg p;sf] a;df 5}g . Tof] l;w} cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfbl;t hf]8]sf] 5 . / clxn] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] dgf]jn O/fs, ckmuflg:tfg
/ Oh/fO{n-k}ln:tfgdf eO/x]sf] o'4n] ubf{ lu/L/fv]sf] 5 . hals g]kfnsf] hgo'4
xfFSg] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] dgf]jn emg\ emg\ a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . sf/0f, of]
s'g} ljb]zL b]zsf] cfwf/df geP/ cfg} b]zsf] ljlzi6tfdf ljsf; ePsf] o'4
xf] . /, of] o'4 dfn]df / k|r08ky ljrf/df cfwfl/t 5 . ljZj o'4do eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf
xfn;Ddsf] ljb|f]xLx¿ dWodf ;aeGbf ;zQm j}1flgs ljrf/ af]Sg] of] o'4 ;du|
o'4 xf] . /, ;a} o'4nfO{ cGTo ug]{ aLp o; o'4df 5 . t;y{ of] o'4df dfgj;Eotfsf]
eljio 5 .
cGTodf, ;+;f/sf] h:tf];'s} cfw'lgs, vt/gfs If]Kof:qsf] cufl8 ef]ssf] If]Kof:q
a9L anjfg x'G5 . To:t} Go"6"f]g -P6f]lds_ ad eGbf Go"/f]g -dl:tis_
ad a9L zlQmzfnL x'G5 . xfn cd]l/sf-Oh/fO{n b]zx¿nfO{ t]>f] ;+;f/sf
u/La, km'Rr] b]zx¿n] oxL g} l;sfO/x]sf] 5 .
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