rf}tf/L
clen]vfno
lrofkfg k|s/0f / bnx?sf] ;f]rfO{
lhi0f' ;'j]bL
cS6f]a/ !*, @))#
g]kfnL sf+u]|;n] ljhofbzdLsf] pknIo kf/]/ cfof]hgf ug]{ u/]sf] lrofkfgn] o;sf]
;fljs p2]Zo, h'g /fhgLlts ;+jfb, ;befj / ;dembf/L a9fpg' xf], eGbf km/s k|efj
5f]8]/ uof], h;sf] g]kfnL /fhgLltdf kg]{ b"/ufdL k|efj t la:tf/} yfxf xF'b}
hfnf, t/ o;n] /fhgLlts bnx?sf] ckl/kSjtfnfO{ eg] Psk6s km]l/ gªUofOlbof]
. rrf{af6 la:tf/f] kfvf nfUg k'u]sf /fhgLlts bnx? km]l/ ;dfrf/ ag], t/ ;+b]z
pgLx?sf] nflu lxts/ eg] lyPg, 7]6 g]kfnL efiffdf eGbf
hf]/Lkf/L x+;fpg]Ú
z}nLsf] Aojxf/af6 pgLx? ;dfrf/df 5fPsf lyP . Tof] ;df/f]xsf] v;f]vf; kmfO{bf
eg] ;/sf/L kIfnfO{ eof] M vr{ klg ePg, lrofkfg klg eof] / 5'jf5'tsf] /fhgLlt
ul//x]sf bnx?dWo] Pp6f d"n bnsf] lgDtf] kfPkl5 pgLx?nfO{ zlQms]Gb|x?nfO{
s]lx eO/x]sf] ;+s]t lbg ;lhnf] klg eof] .
o;af6 hlt 3f6f a]xf]g{' kg]{ xf] Tof] /fhgLlts bnx?sf] efudf k/]sf] 5, / cfly{s
eGbf klg ljZjf;sf] ;+s6;Fu ufFl;Psf] Tof] 3f6f bnx?sfnflu r'gf}ltk"0f{
x'g] :jfefljs 5 . of] 3f6f sf+u]|; jf cGo bnx?sf nflu lzIffk|b x'g' kg]{ xf],
t/ ljutdf h:t} pgLx?n] o;af6 s]lx gl;Sg] rfFlx oyfy{g} xf] . ljutdf klg bnx?sf]
cg'ej 5, of] d'2fljlxg / a]6'+uf]sf] alxisf/ / 5'jf5'tsf] ;+:sf/n] pgLx?nfO{
dfly nu]sf] 5}g, tn g} k'¥ofPsf] 5, t/ pgLx? r]t]sf 5}gg\ . dfn]-Pdfn] kfgL
af/faf/ lyof], dfwj g]kfnn] clxn]sf cfgf /fhgLlts ;xsdL{ lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{
g} ;fj{hlgs alxisf/ ug{' ePsf] lyof], g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tfx? b]pjf sf+u|];
;+u Tolx 5'jf5'tsf] /fhgLlt ul//x]sf 5g\ . oL d'2fdf eGbf klg AolQmut k"jf{u|xdf
cfwfl/t alxisf/x? eGbf km/s x'g ;SYof] clxn]sf] alxisf/ . ;+ljwfg aflx/ ag]sf]
of] ;/sf/nfO{ bnx?n] alxisf/ ug{' Pp6f d'2fdf cfwfl/t /fhgLlts sbd xf], / o;
k6s cfGbf]ng/t bnx?n] klg To;nfO{ cfGbf]ngs} lx:;f agfpb} cfPsf lyP . t/, ha
Tolx sbdnfO{ tGsfpb} Pp6} ;df/f]]xdf pkl:yt gx'g] ;Dd k'Ug yfNof], bnx?df cGof]n
klg a9\g yfNof] .
cfkm"x?n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] sfo{s|ddf ;/sf/nfO{ gaf]nfpg' l7s x'g ;S5, ;/sf/n]
af]nfPsf] sfo{qmddf ;xefuL gx'g' Tof] klg ts{;+ut 5, t/ t]>f] kIfn] cfof]hgf
u/]s]f sfo{qmddf ghfg], ;+rf/ dfWoddf x'g] cGtlqmofdf efu glng] cflb h:tf lg0f{ox?
ul/g yfn] kZrft Tof] alxisf/ xf:of:k|b x'g k'Uof] / bnx? dfemdf cGof]n klg a9\g
yfNof] . cfgf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ Tolx ;/sf/sf] lj/f]wdf cgzgdf /fv]/, cfkm"
Tolx ;/sf/ k|d'vsf] lgDtf]df lax] ef]h vfg hfg' Pp6f /fhgLltsdL{sf nflu czf]egLo
xf], Tof] sfo{qmd ;fdflhs eP klg af]nfpg] / hfg] b'j} /fhgLlts AolQm ePsfn]
pkl:ylt /fhgLlts x'g k'Uof] . t/ t]>f] kIfn] af]nfPsf] eP Tof] lax]ef]hdf
hfg' czf]egLo x'b}gYof], ghfg' rfFlx czf]egLo x'g] lyof] . /fhgLlts bnx?n] Tof]
s'/f r6Ss la;L{P/ t]>f] kIf, To;dfly klg s'6gLlts lgof]ux?, n] af]nfPsf]
cf}krfl/s ;ef;df/f]xx? klg alxisf/ ug{ yfn]kl5 pgLx?sf] ;/sf/ alxisf/sf] d'2f
xf:of:k|b x'g k'Uof] . ;/sf/sf] alxisf/ unt lyPg, t/ To;nfO{ ;dod} kl/eflift
ug{ ;Sg' kYof]{ / Tof] alxisf/nfO{ låkIfLo ;DaGwdf l;ldt ug{' kYof]{ .
Tolx gugf{n] clxn] pgLx? cfFkm}nfO{ of] efn'sf] sGk6 ePsf] 5, 5f]8\of] cfkm"nfO{
6f]Sg] 8/, g5f]8\of] cfgf] hLpHofg un]/ cfO;Sof] .
k|ltufdL eg]/ yfkf ;/sf/ / b/jf/sf] Aofks lj/f]w ul//xg' ePsf sf+u|];sf g]tf
lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] ha cfg} kf6L{sf klg s]xLnfO{ c;Gt'i6 t'Nofpb}+
o;k6ssf] lrofkfgdf ;/sf/nfO{ klg lgDtf] k7fpg' eof], bnx?sf] Tof] ;/sf/ alxisf/sf]
sbd cfFkm}df Pp6f e2f dhfs x'g k'Uof] . lrofkfg ;b\efjgf a9fpg] sfo{s|d xf],
To;df O{t/ let/sf ;a}nfO{ af]nfpg' :jefljs klg xf] . Pdfn]-dfn]sf] k"g{ldngdf
Tof] 36gsf] slQsf] dxTj 5 eGg ufx|f] 5, t/ b'O aif{ cufl8sf] bz}+df Pdfn]sf]
lrofkfgsf] lgDtf] dfGg aNv' k'Ug'ePsf tTsfnLg dfn] g]tf afdb]j uf}tdsf] el/Psf]
:j/ ;'g]/ g} w]/}nfO{ nfu]sf] lyof] ca dfn]-Pdfn] ldn] eg] crDd dfGg' kg]{ 5}g
. Tolx lrofkfgdf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{n] Pdfn]nfO{ ;+w} ljkIfLdf /xg] zlQm
k|fKt ug{ k|fygf klg ug{' ePsf] lyof], dfwj g]kfn / lul/hfk|;fb aLrsf] dgd'6fj
klg Tolx+ sd ePsf] lyof] . lrofkfgsf] pb]Zo klg Tolx xf], t/ olb yfkf ;/sf/nfO{
af]nfpg' lyof] eg] s'6gLlts lgof]usf] sfo{s|d alxisf/sf] gf6s lsg < Tof]
xKtf lbgdf s] To:tf] eof] ls sf+u|];n] cfgf ;xsdL{ bnx?;+u ;Nnfxg} gu/L
cfGbf]ngsf] Pp6f c+znfO{ ;dfKt kfg{ k¥of] <
oL k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm ;fob sf+u|];;Fu 5}g / lul/hfafa';Fu klg 5}g, eP klg hjfkm
g t sf+u|]; kf6L{n] g t lul/hf afa'n] hjfkm lbg' kg]{5, lsgsL ;zQm :j/df k|Zg
;f]Wg] klg sf]lx 5}g . 7"nf] bn Pdfn]n] cfFkm}n] y'k|} hjfkm lbg afFls
5, Ps lbgsf] ;8s k|bz{gaf6 p aLrd} ufoa ePsf] lyof] . dfwj g]kfn sf8{ gkfP/
s"6gLlts cfof]u lgDtf] dfGg k'Ug g;s]sf] h:tf] ts{ lbg' x'G5 . c? ;fgf
bnx?df ;b\efjgf lrofkfgdf g} ;l/s lyof], / p t ghfg' kg]{ sf/0f b]vfpg cfu|x
ub}{5, afFls b'O{ bnx?sf] :j/ sNn] ;'lGbg] < cfGbf]ngdf ;+u} ;xefuL dfwj
g]kfnn] g} ;8sdf dfG5] ptfg{ g;Sg], ukm 7"nf lbP/ dfq} s] ug]{ eg]/ pgLx?sf]
dfgdb{g ul/ ;Sg' ePsf] 5 . km]l/ p;} t lvPsf] bnx?sf] cfGbf]ng klg of] k|;+u
a9fpgfn] emg lvPnf eg]/ bnx? ;z+lst 5g\, pgLx? t} r'k d} r'k u/]/ of] ljjfbnfO{
yfdy'd kfg{ ;S5g\, To:t} ug{ vf]lh klg /x]sf 5g\ . lj:tf/} alxisf/nfO{ pgLx?n]
;xh agfpb} 5g\, hd{g Plss/0fsf] lbj;df ;xeflu eP/ pgLx?n] cfGbf]ngs]f Tof] lx:;fnfO{
ltnf~hnL lbPsf] ;+s]t lbPsf x'g ;S5g\ . t/, ltnf~hnL lbg' eGbf alxisf/nfO{ ;dod}
kl/eflift u/]/ To;df ePsf] cGof]n x6fO{ cfGbf]ngsf] ;zQm lx:;f agfpg' pgLx?sf]
lxtdf x'g] lyof] .
of] lrofkfg k|s/0f bnx?dfem olQs} ;fDo x'g ;S5, t/ cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;dy{g ug]{ c?x?nfO{
eg] o;n] ;f]Rg afWo agfpg] 5 M /fhgLlts bnx?;+u lehg gePsf] dfq xf]Og, pgLx?n]
cfgf ulNtx? cem dx;'; u/]sf 5}gg\, pgLx? d'2fdf cem :ki6 5}gg\ / pgLx?
k"0f{?kdf ljZjf; ug{ of]Uo cem ePsf 5}gg\ .
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