rf}tf/L
clen]vfno
cem} klg ulNt ;RofPdf g]kfn kf/ nfUg ;S5
gf/fo0f kxf/L
gf]e]Da/ %, @))#
cfh ef]ln g]kfnsf 7"nf /fli6"o b}lgs klqsfdf ædfcf]jfbLÆ
/ æe|i6frf/Æ eGg] zAb Tolt w]/} k|of]u ePsf] kfOG5 ls slxn] sfxL
t oL zAbx? b'O{ tLg ;o k6s klg bf]xf]l/Psf] x'G5 . o;/L klqsfx?n] ædfcf]jfbLÆ
/ æe|i6frf/Æ eGg] zAbsf] lgjGw jf syf n]v]/ Tolt w]/} k6s oL zAbx?
bf]xf]/fPsf t xf]Ogg\ t/ g]kfn /fi6"sf] lbgrof{ s;/L lat]sf] 5 eg]/ ;dfrf/
;Dk|]if0f ubf{ pQm zAbx? k6s k6s n]Vg afWo x'g' k/]sf] xf] . o;af6 xfdLn] ;lhn}
s] cg'dfg nufpg ;S5f}+ eg] g]kfn /fi6" /fhg}lts tyf cfly{s ;d:ofsf] hfnf]
leq o;/L c8lsPsf] 5, elgG5 ca To;nfO{ aflx/ lgsfNg ls t hfb'sf] 5l8 g} rflxG5,
ls t k|To]s hfnf]sf ufF7fx? Ps Ps u/]/ k'mTsfP/ dfq d'lQm lbnfpg ;lsG5 .
a'e\mg] / a'emfpg] gePkl5 =====
d'Votof sl/a $) k|ltzt ;fIf/ ePsf] /fi6"df sl/a $) k|ltzt ul/a / csf]{
$) k|ltzt ul/asf] /]vfd'lg cyf{t clt ul/ax? a:5g\ . clzIff / ul/aLsf] sf/0fn]
g} ubf{ ;r]t x'g] / ;r]t u/fpg] dfG5]sf] sdL eof] . To;df klg ;+rf/ dfWodx?sf]
e"ldsf h;/L z;St x'g' kYof]{ To;/L /x]g . To;sf] kmn:j?k k|hftGqsf] vf]n
cf]8]/ ;f]emf ;fbf lgd'vf dfly cTofrf/ Pj+ bdg rnfpg]sf] le8tGqsf] PstGq z'?
eof] . cfk"mn] ;Qf rnfpbf u}/ sfg"gL sfd klg sfg'gL x'g] / c?sf] sfg'gL
sfd klg u}/ sfg'gL x'g] dgf]dfgLn] la:tf/} k'/:sf/ kfpFb} uof] . ælx/fn]
lx/f sf6\5 Æ eGb} dfcf]jfbLsf] hGd dfq ePg sfo{qmd z'ef/De eof] . s'zf;gnfO{
bafpg] csf]{ s'zf;g . ufpF ufpFdf xTofsf] lj?4 xTof / cTofrf/sf] lj?4 cTofrf/
z'? eof] . dfG5] dfg]{ eGg] lrh Pp6f efO/; h:t} xf] h'g l/; / cfj]usf] /f]u
;+u} cfPsf] x'G5 . of] s'/f g t ;/sf/ kIfn] a'e\mg ;Sof] g t ljb|f]xL kIfn]
. efO/;] em}+ lg/Gt/ a[l4 eO{ km}ng] of] dfG5] dfg]{ /f]usf] h/}af6 lgsf] kfg]{
cf}iflw vf]Hg] sf]xL ePgg\ . ufpFsf 6f7f af7f zx/lt/ / zx/sf 6f7f af7f ljb]zlt/
k:g afx]s csf]{ ljsNk g agfOof] g t /x\of] klg . s'g} g]kfnL /fi6"jfbLsf]
gfddf rfOgfaf6 cfPsf] dfcf]jfbL aGg k'u] eg] s'g} g]kfnLx? b]zelQmsf] gfddf
ljb]zjf6 cflz{jfb kfPsf vfcf]jfbL .
gJj]sf] bzsdf cfOk'Ubf klg cf}Bf]lus qmflGtsf] k+lQmdf gplePsf] g]kfn ljsl;t
/fi6"x?sf] t'ngfdf ljZjsf] t]>f] ul/a d"n'sdf kl/0ft eof] . h;sf]
sf/0f b]zdf dx+uL lbgsf] b'Ou'gf /ftsf] rf}u'gf a9\g dfq uPg wgL tyf cf}Bf]lus
/fi6"x?sf] ahf/sf e'Qm ef]uLx? aGg klg nfu] ul/a /fi6"sf g]tf tyf
/fi6";]jsx? . To;kl5 hflu/n] g t dfG5] afRg ;Sg] eP g t dfG5]n] hflu/nfO{
arfpg ;Sg] eP . h'jfdf xf/]sf h'jf8]x? :jf:gL, 3/ 38]/L aGbsL /fV5g\ eg] h:t}
ljsf; / cfDbfgLsf] bf}8df kl5 k/]sf t/ XjL:sLsf af]Qn tyf kh]/f]df kNs]sf g]tf
tyf pRr kbdf a;]sf /fi6";]jsx?nfO{ cfk\mgf] gzfsf] tntn d]6fpg b]znfO{
aGbsL /fv]sf] 9's'6Ln] dfq k'u]g k|hftGq Pj+ g}ltstf g} em/L yfk]/ P]; cf/fd
/ ljb]z e|d0fdf /dfpg nfu] . æsdfO g} ;dfO lbg el/ /dfOÆ ug{ e|i6frf/
dfq /x\of] ljsNk oxfFsf] zf;g tyf k|zf;gdf .
lj4fgn] klg jGb's jf]Sg nfu] kl5 =====================
b/af/df ljGtLkq r9fP/ tyf k|wfgdGqLsf] bf}/f ;'?jfn l;nfP/ ;8sdf cfGbf]ng ug{
hfg] dfwj g]kfnb]lv cfk"m k|wfgdGqL x'bf dfn] d08n] / d;fn] Pp6} b]Vg]]
/ cfk"m ;8sdf embf{ ltg};Fu 3fF6L hf]8\g] lul/hf k|;fb sf]O/fnf h:tf k|j[ltn]
d'n'snfO{ kSs} klg ;xL lbzf lbg ;Sb}g eGg] s'/f ljutsf lbgdf :ki6 eO;s]sf] 5
. To:t} s;sf] 3/df eft kfSof] kfs]g eg]/ /fhf dx]Gb| dNnsf b/af/sf 9f]s]x? 3/
3/} k'Uy] eGg]] b/afl/of 9f]s]x?sf] Oltxf; clxn] s'g kf6L{nfO{ s;/L k'm6fpg
;lsG5 eg]/ 6f]n 6f]n rfxfg]{ x'Ss] a}7s]sf] oyfy{df jblnPkl5 æPSsfO;f}
ztfJbLsf] /fhtGq k|hftGqsf] nflu / k|hftGq /fhtGqsf] nfluÆ eGg] gf/f slt;Dd
ts{ ;Ët alg/fv]sf] 5 eg]/ hgtfnfO{ 3f]sfO /fVg'df klg ca s'g} cf}lrTo /x]g\
. To:t} csf]{ lt/ a'4sf] b]zdf jGb's k8\sfpbf dfxfg 7fGg] dfcf]jfbLsf /fhg}lts
b:tfj]hdf n]lvPsf efiffx?sf] cy{ a'e\mg lzlIft g]kfnLnfO{ t zAbsf]if kN6fpg'
k5{ eGg] ^) k|ltzt lg/If/ g]kfnLn] a'e\mg] s;/L < cem æ ;'Ts]/Lsf]
gfddf efn] d}n vfPÆ eGg] pvfg h:t} dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;'Nemfpg cfpg] h'g
;'s} ;/sf/ klg dfcf]jfbLsf] 89]nf] lgefpg' eGbf aGb's s} ;xf/fdf dfcf]jfbL h:t}
pu| ag]/ lg:sbf g]kfnn] zflGtsf] k/]jf dfq s] KjfFv klg cfz dfg{ 5f8]sf] 5 .
h;/L a}rfl/s n8fOF n8\g' kg]{ ljutsf ;QfkIfx?n] r'gfjdf j'y SofKr/, k|x/L k|zf;gsf]
w/ks8 Pj+ u'08f ubL{sf] k|of]un] ubf{ j}rfl/s qmflGt eGbf aGb'ssf] qmflGtdf
cf:yf /fVg] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ g} lx+;fTds n8fOF n8\g k|]l/t u/fPsf] lyof] To;/L
g} clxn]sf l6s] ;/sf/x?n] klg a'l4 / ljj]ssf] k|of]u eGbf pN6} cGt/f{li6"o
ansf] k|of]u ug{ pT;flx ePsf] x'bf aGb'ssf] gfnaf6 ;Qf lg:sG5 eg]/ ljZjf; ug]{
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ æs] vf]H5; sfgf cfFvf]Æ ePsf] 5 .
clxn] ufpF ufpFdf gofF ;Qf 5 zx/df k'/fgf] ;Qf . ufpFdf a:g / afRg dfcf]jfbLnfO{
rGbf lbg' k5{ / zx/df j:g / afFRg ;/sf/nfO{ 3'; lbg' k5{ . gofF ;Qfsf] ufpFdf
ljleGg sf/0fx?n] ubf{ o'jf o'jtL tyf slnnf afnsx? h+un k:g afWo agfOPsf] 5 eg]
zx/ cyf{t k'/fgf] ;Qfsf o'jf o'jtL tyf slnnf afnsx? sfd / dfdsf] nflu d'unfg
k:g afWo ePsf 5g\ . hgtfx? clxn] Pp6} k|Zg ug{ nflu/fv]sf 5g\ Tof] s] xf] eg]
dfcf]jfbLn] cem;Dd s'g g]kfnsf] gfd'b e|i6frf/L t:s/L tyf cfTofrf/LnfO{ hg sf/jfxL
u¥of] < clg To:t} ;/sf/n] s'g gfd'b sldzgvf]/L e|i6frf/L tyf t:s/LnfO{
h]ndf ;8fof] < o;/L 3'; dfUg kNs]sf ;Qfwf/L / rGbf dfUg kNs]sf dfcf]jfbLsf]
/0flgtLdf s'g} km/s kfpg g;s]sf]n] ægofF af]Qndf k'/fg} /S;Lsf] :jfbÆ
g} t /}5 eg]/ lrQ a'emfpg afWo eO/fv]sf 5g\ gofF ;Qfsf g]kfnL hgtfx? klg . To:t}
cem ;Ddsf] dfcf]jfbL o'4df hlt d/] lt ;a} g]kfnL bfh'efO{ g} d/] To;df klg ;j{;fwf/0f
dfq d/] . o;af6 g t dfcf]jfbLn] g} s]lx pknJw ug{ ;s]sf 5g\ g t ;/sf/jfbLn]
g} . bz xhf/ g]kfnL dl/;s]sf of] dx+uf] o'4af6 dfcf]jfbL jf ;/sf/jfbLsf s]lx
;Ldt JolQmut tyf ;f+u7flgs lglxt :yfy{ t k'/f ePsf xf]nfg / g]kfnL ;dfhsf s]lx
ljs[ltx? 5n{Ë ePsf] xf]nfg\ t/ ;du|df hgtfn] eg] 8/ qf; Pj+ c;'/Iff eGbf
c? s]lx kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . clg ;dfhdf /x]sf ljs[ltx?nfO{ hgtfsf] cufl8 k|:t't
ug{ 8fS6/ lj4fgn] aGb'ss} k|of]u u/]sf] tyf hgtfnfO{ bzf} xhf/f} dflg;s} Hofg
lng] o'4df xf]d]sf] g]kfnsf] 36gf ;+ejt\ ljZjsf] Oltxf;df klxnf] g} xf]nf .
hgtf bjfjdf k/]kl5 ==================
cfg} kf6L{ leq k|ltudgsf] e"ldsf lgefpg] ljleGg kf6L{ g]t[Tjx?n]
b]zdf k|ltudgsf] lj/f]w ubf{ hgtfn] ljZjf; ubf{ /xg]5g\ eGg] s'/fx? g]tfx?n]
a'em] a'em]gg\ Tof] t eljion] g} b]vfpnf . To:t} g]tf lsGbf hgtf klg lslgG5g
/ kf6L{ k'm6fpbf hgPstf klg 6'6\5 / /hfO rln/xG5 eGg] d[ut[i0ff b/af/sf cf;]kf;]n]
b]Vg nfu]sf x'g eg] /fi6"sf] cGof]n /fhg}lts cfFlw j]xl/n] Pslbg g/fd|f]
b'3{6gf t lgDtfp5 lgDtfp5 t/ b/af/ :jo+ pQm b'3{6gfaf6 kf/ nfUg ;Snf t eGg]
s'/fdf z+sf ug}{ kg]{ a]nf cfO/x]sf] 5 .
/fhg}lts eg]sf] g t lx+;fTds n8fOF xf] g t 9fNg] / 9Ng] v]n g} . of] t s]jn
hgtfsf] ljZjf; lhTg] j}rfl/s k|lt:kwf{ xf] . clg o'4sf] v/f] kl/efiff eg]sf]
æc? dfWofdaf6 /fhgLlts kl/rfng ug'{ xf]Æ / oyfy{ b'lgofdf o'4 eg]sf]
/fhlglts c;kmntf klg xf] . To;}n] dfcf]afbLn] /fHo kIfnfO{ klg n8fOFdf ;xefuL
agfO /fVg ;Sg' eg]sf] b]z k|hftGqaf6 ;}lgs zf;gtkm{ pGd'v x'g' xf] . To;kl5
v]n / v]nfl8 klg km]l/b} Pj nlDjb} hfnfg\ t/ hgtf hxfFsf] Tolx lg0ff{os eP/
/lx /xG5g\ rfx] Tof] jt{dfgdf xf]; jf Oltxf;df . t/ zf;sx?, /fhg}lts kf6L{,
/ g]tf ;w} Tolx /xg ;S5g\ eGg ;lsb}g lsgsL pgLx? t hgtfsf ;do ;fk]lIfs rfxgf
dfq x'g] x'g . ltg} hgtf x'g h;n] jln{gsf] ;fDojfbL kvf{n agfP / ltg} hgtf x'g
h;n] ;fDojfbL kvf{n eTsfP klg . ltg} hgtf x'g h;n] ?dflgofdf Rjfpr]:sf]nfO{
cfgf] g]tf agfP klg ltg} hgtf x'g h;n] Rjfpr]:sf]nfO{ uf]ln xfgL 9nfP
klg . lkmlnlkG;df dfsf]{; /fi6"sf] k|dv ag] t/ kl5 hgtf;Fu 3'8f 6]s]/ efu]
klg . To;}n] hxfF hgtfsf] ;Tsf/ x'G5 ToxfF g]tf, kf6L{ / zf;ssf] :yfg klg ;+/lIft
x'G5 / hxfF hgtfsf] OGsf/ x'G5 ToxfF ltg} :yfg ltgLx?sf] nflu ;+/lIft gx'g klg
;S5 . k[YjL cfkm}df 3'ld/fv]sf] 5 eg]/ kTofpg ufx|f] x'G5, t/ ha lbg / /ft aGg]
k|lqmof alg/xG5 ta xfdLn] To;nfO{ :jLsfg{} k5{ . To:t} w]/} g]tf / ;fzsx?n]
hgtfn] oyfl:ylt a'lem/fv]sf 5g\ eg]/ em§ ljZjf; ub}{gg\ t/ ha hgtfnfO{
pgLx?n] 9fF8\b} u/]sf] s'/f phfu/ x'b} hfG5 ta g]tf / zf;sx? klg Pslbg ;Qf 5f]8\g
dfq xf]Og knfog x'g klg afWo x'G5g\ .
g]tf, / zf;sx?n] b]vfpg' kg]{ ;f]rljrf/x? gb]vfpFbf b]z s} dfglrq kl/jt{g ePsf
h:tf c:jefljs 36gfx?nfO{ x]g{ y'k|} b]zsf Oltxf;sf kfgfx? kN6fO{ /fVg clxNo}
gknf{ t/ slxn]sfxL ps';d's'; Pj+ bjfjdf k/]sf hgtfn] /f]Hg ;Sg] af6f]x? b]z
/ :jo+ hgtfsf] efUo lgdf{0fsf] nflu g} b"efUo{ jGg klg ;Snf elg g;f]lr
cfFvf lrDn]/ ;'lt/xg] s'Des0f{x?sf] xftdf ;Qf kl//xg' klg sd vt/f gxf]nf . lgrf]8df
eGg] xf] eg] b]zdf hfgL jf ghfgL s'g} kIfsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ klg To:tf] b'ef{Uo
lgDtfO/fv]sf] 5 jf vt/f glhlsPsf] 5 eg] cem} klg w]/} lalu|;s]sf] 5}]g h'g cfkm\g}
df6f] dfly ulNt ;RofP/ cl3 a9\g ;lsG5 . / To;}df g} ;a} g]kfnLsf] ljho ;'lglZrt
5 .
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