rf}tf/L
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kqsf/ ;]g / zdf{nfO{ 5'6\ofp+bf
aa'n nfdf, @$ cu:6, @))@
sflGtk'/ b}lgssf] ebf} % sf] ;dfrf/ cg';f/ dfcf]jfbLx?n] s0ff{nL zGb]; ;fKtflxssf
k'j{ ;Dkfbs gj/fh zdf{sf] xfn} lgd{dtfk"j{s xTof u/]sf 5g\ . o; cl3 ;/sf/n]
hglbzf b}lgssf ;Dkfbs tyf ;flxTosf/ s[i0f ;]gsf] lx/f;tdf g} xTof u/]sf] lyof]
. h;nfO{ cfh klg gf}6+sL cfof]u agfP/ ;/sf/n] Ogsf/ u/]sf] 5 . To;}sf lj?4 cfh;Dd
g]kfnL kqsf/x? cfGbf]ng/t 5g\ / pgLx?sf] d'Vo dfu / gf/f 5M kqsf/x?nfO{ :jtGqtfk"j{s
afFRg / n]Vg b]pm . kqsf/x?sf] of] t];|f] r/0fsf] sfo{s|d xf] / lxh}af6 kqsf/x?sf]
l/n] cg;g z'? ePsf] 5 . of] cfGbf]ngnfO{ dfcf]jfbLx?n] klg jQmJo lbP/ ;dy{g
u/]sf lyP / kqsf/ s[i0f ;]gsf] l:ylt cljnDj ;fj{hlgs ug{ dfu u/]sf lyP .
t/ of] ;+of]u xf] jf kqsf/x?sf] lgolt xf], h'g lbgb]lv kqsf/x?n] ;/sf/sf] bdgsf/L
xTof/f ;F:s[ltsf lj?4 l/n] cg;g z'? u/] Tolx lbg dfcf]jfbLx?4f/f kqsf/sf] lgd{d
xTofsf] vj/ ;'Gg k/\of] . clxn] rf}tkmL{ ?kdf k|Zg p7\g yfn]sf] 5, kqsf/ ;]g
dfl/bf To;sf] tLa| lj/f]w ub}{ kqsf/x?sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;dy{g ug]{ dfcf]jfbLx?n]
cfkm}n] r} kqsf/sf] xTof u/]/ s:tf] ;F:s[ltsf] lgdf{0f ug{ vf]lh/x]5g\ <
s[i0f ;]g dfl/bf ;/sf/n] kqsfl/tf / To;sf] :jtGqtfsf] xTof u/]sf] cf/f]k nufpg]
dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfkm}n] kqsf/sf] xTof ubf{ r} kqsfl/tf / To;sf] :jtGqtfsf] xTof
eof] ls ePg < of] k|Zgsf] pQ/ zfob dfcf]jfbLx?;+u 5}g t/ pQ/ ljgf g} pgLx?
dfG5] dfg{ cfkm\gf] axfb'/L 7fgL/x]5g\ .
cflv/ ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLdf km/s g} s] eof] / < ;/sf/ klg cfkm\gf] sJhfdf lnP/
lgxTyf hgtfsf] xTof u5{ / dfcf]jfbLx? klg cfkm\gf] sJhfsf] lgxTyf dfG5]nfO{
lgd{dtfk"j{s ;kmfof u5{ . dfcf]jfbLx?sf] c;nL hgjfbsf] zfob of] /fd|f]
pbfx/0f xf] ls pgLx?sf] hgjfb cfPkl5 s;}n] pgLx?sf ulNt sdhf]/Lx? cf}Nofpg kfpb}g
. h;n] To;f] u5{ p;n] zdf{s} lgolt ef]Ug' k5{ . h]g]ef ;lGwsf] jsfnt ub}{ To;sf]
kfngsf] dfu ug]{ dfcf]jfbLx?sf nflu r} s] Tof] ;lGw nfu' x'b}g < hgtfsf]
;fFRrf] hgtGqsf nflu nl8/x]sf] atfpg]x?sf] of] cg'xf/ jf:tjdf g} clxn] x]g{
klg l3g nfUbf] ePsf] 5 . s[i0f ;]g dfl/bf sfg'gL/fhsf] s'/f ub}{ sf]sf]xf]nf]
dRrfpg] dfcf]jfbLx? cfkm}n] zdf{sf] xTof ubf{ pgLx?n] s'g :jtGqtfsf] / dfgj
hLjgsf] /Iff u/] < xf], olx sf/0f xf] dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ k|hftGqjfbLx?n] ;j{;QfjfbL
eg]sf] . cfkm'n] u/]sf] ;a} 7Ls / c?n] u/]sf] ;a} a]l7s / k|ltls|ofjfbL . olx
xf] pgLx?sf] cfwf/e"t dfGotf .
t/ kqsf/x?n] cfkm\gf] k]zfut dfjg wd{ lgefPs} 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx? em}+ gsRr/f]
9f+]uL 5}gg\ pgLx? . dfcf]jfbLx?sf] xTof / lx+;fsf lj?4 Ps eP/ cfjfh p7fpg]
ltg} kqsf/x?n] dfcf]jfbLx?sf] jkmfbf/ l;kfxL eP/ To;sf] ;dy{gdf n]Vg] ltg} s[i0f
;]gsf] lx/f;tdf ePsf] xTofnfO{ lnP/ ut 8]9 dlxgfb]lv nuftf/ cfGbf]ng rnfpb}
cfPsf 5g\ . cf:yf jf ljrf/sf cfwf/df s;}sf] :jtGqtf / hLjgdfly v]Ng] ;/sf/sf]
s'g} klg sd{sf] pgLx?n] Psdtn] v'n]/ lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . slt 7'nf] / pbf/ 5 pgLx?sf]
5fQL . hasL pgLx?nfO{ s'g} b]z rnfpg' 5}g gt s'g} 9f]+uL bnan rnfpg' 5 . t/
b]z xfFS5' / agfp5' eg]/ lx+8]sf dfcf]jfbLx?sf] 5flQ eg] r/fsf] hqf] x'g' Tof]
klg lx+;|s JofF;f]sf] h:tf] x'g' w]/} lj8Dagf / b'ef{Uosf] s'/f xf] . zfob k|hftGqjfbL
/ dfcf]jfbLx?df olx g} d'n leGgtf xf]nf . t/ dfcf]jfbLx?n] s] ge'Nbf /fd|f]
x'G5 eg] cfkm\gf] cf:yf arfpg csf{sf] cf:yf dfg'{ cfkm}df ck/fw xf] .
;/sf/sf] xTof/f ;F:s[ltsf] lj?4 nl8/x]sf kqsf/x?n] cj grfx]/ klg dfcf]jfbLx?n]
ut 5 jif{ b]lv leq\ofPsf] xTof/f ;F:s[ltsf lj?4 klg ;+u;+u} af]Ng' kg]{ afWotf
hlGdPsf] 5 . b]zdf hgtfsf] hLjg / :jtGqtfsf nflu c;nL cy{df n8\g] Pp6f klg /fhg}lts
bn gx'g' ;fFRr} lj8Dagfsf] s'/f xf] . dflg;sf] hLjg ;dfKt ug]{ clwsf/ s;}nfO{
klg 5}g . rfx] cft+sjfbLsf] gfddf xf];\ jf l; cfO 8L jf s'g} cf:yfsf] gfddf
xf]\;\ . t/ cfh dfG5]sf] hLjg g} ;dfKt ul/lbg] xTof/f ;F:s[lt ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLx?n]
o'4:t/df a9fPsf 5g\ . a'4sf] b]z cfh s;fOFx?sf] b]zdf kl/0ft ePsf] 5 . of] ;F:s[ltnfO{
a9fjf lbg]x?sf] lgGbf h'g;'s} zJbdf u/] klg Tof] ck'/f] g} x'G5 .
cfh g]kfnsf] h]n / lx/f;tdf hlt klg kqsf/ jf a'l4hLjLx? 5g\ tL k|fo s'g} g s'g}
?kdf dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]kdf k/]sf 5g\ . / cf:yfsf lx;fjn] pgLx? dfcf]jfbL;+u
glhs klg 5g\ . t/ kqsf/x? cfh ltg} kqsf/ / a'l4lhjLx?sf] hLjg /Iffsf nflu ;8sdf
nfnl6g h'n'; af]s]/ lx8]sf 5g\ / l;+x b/jf/ cuf8L l/n] cg;gdf tLg lbg b]lv al;/x]5g\
. t/ ptf dfcf]jfbLx? eg] ltg} kqsf/x?sf] xTof ub}{ lx+8\b} 5g\ . slt leGgtf
5 lolgx?sf] lrGtg / bf}8df . of] b'lgofFn] k|i6 b]Vg] leGgtf xf] . o;n] dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{
g} hgtfsf] gh/df kQg u/fpF5 . hlt hlt o;tf sd{df nfUb5g\ dfcf]jfbLx?, Tolt g}
pgLx?sf] kQg cj:oDefjL aGb} hfG5 . hgtfn] /fd|f] sfdsf] g} ;dy{g ub{5g\ . lgxTyf
/ lgbf]{if hgtfsf] xTof / lx+;fsf] xf]Og .
cfh b'lgofFe/Lsf kqsf/x?b]lv lnP/ gful/s ;dfhsf x/ dflg;n] dfcf]jfbLx?sf] of]
sfo/tfk"0f{ sfo{sf] lgGbf / eT;gf{ u/]sf 5g\ . xTof, lx+;f / cft+s slxNo}
klg IfDo x'b}g . o;sf] eT;gf{ / lgGbf ug}{ kb{5 . t/ pgLx?n] ulNt u/] eg]/ kqsf/x?n]
cfkm\gf] wd{ lgefpg 5f]8\g' klg x'b}g a? o;n] t xfd|f ;fd' c? klg r"gf}lt
ylkof] eGg] g} kqsf/x?n] a'em\g' kb{5 . Gofo / dfgjLo :jtGqtfsf nflu n8\g]x?
;Fw} r'gf}lts} ljrdf x'G5g\ Tolxaf6 pgLx?n] sdnsf] km'n x'sf{p5g\ . kqsf/x?n]
of] r'gf}ltnfO{ klg :jLsf/ ug'{ kb{5 .
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