rf}tf/L
clen]vfno
u]GgfbL, /fhgLlts bnx? / cfGbf]ngsf] Ph]08f
lhi0f' ;'j]bL
l8;]Da/ !!, @))#
Ps hgf clgGb|fsf] la/fdL hFrfpg 8fS6/ sxfF k'u]5 . 8fS6/n] p;nfO{ s] ePsf] atfpg
eg]kl5 lvGg / g}/fZon] el/Psf] :j/df p;n] hjfkm lbP5,
d]/f] z/L/ /f]ux?sf]
c8\8f ePsf] 5 .Ú lgs} lbSbf/Ln] el/Psf] :j/df p;n] 8fS6/nfO{ cfgf]
/f]ux?sf] a]lnlj:tf/ nufof] M clgGb|f, slAhot, 6fpsf] b'MVg], vfgdf ?lr g/xg],
lhpdf ;+w}sf] cfn:o cflb . 8fS6/n] nfdf] ;do;Dd Wofgk"j{s pQm la/fdLsf]
s'/f ;'lg;s]kl5 p;nfO{ ;Demfpb} eg]5
x]/ oL ;a} /f]ux?sf] Pp6} lgbfg 5,
k|;Gg /xg] ug{'', lbdfudf cgfjZos lvrftfgL /xg glbg' .Ú
t/ Tof]
s;/L ;Dej 5 / 8fS6/ ;fx]a <Ú la/fdLsf] :jefljs k|Zg lyof] . 8fS6/n]
p;nfO{ ;d:ofsf] lgbfg atfof],
zx/df u]GgfbLsf] gf6s k|bz{g eO/x]sf] 5,
/ Tof] gf6s x]g]{ hf] sf]lx klg v'n]/ gxfFl; a:g ;Sb}g, d ltdLnfO{ klg Tolx
gf6s x]g]{ ;Nnfx lbG5' . w]/} la/fdL dflg;x?n] pQm gf6s x]/]kl5 cfkm" k|;Gg
/xg] u/]sf] / /f]uAoflwdf klg sld cfPsf] dnfO{ atfPsf 5g\ .Ú la/fdLn]
xf/]sf] :j/df eg]5,
8fS6/;fa, t/ Tof] u]GgfbL t d g} x'F .Ú
oxL /l;og syfsf] kfq u]GgfbLsf] h:t} 5 clxn] g]kfndf ;+;bjfbL /fhgLlts bnx?sf]
cj:yf . ldn]/ uPdf pgLx?;+u /fi6"sf ;a} ;d:ofsf] lgbfg 5 M pgLx? cfkm+}
klg To;} eG5g\, b]zL ljb]zL /fhgLlts kl08tx? To;} eG5g\, / xF'bf-x'Fbf yfkf
dGqLd08nsf kqklqsfdf 5fOg] cg'xf/x? klg ;a} To;} eG5g\ . t/, /fhgLlts bnx?eg]
;a} cfGtl/s ;d:ofdf h]lnPsf 5g\ .
bnx?sf] cfGbf]ng clxn] lzlyn 5, / bnx?sf] ;d:ofu|:t cfGtl/s /fhgLlt, xtf; dgl:ylt
/ c:ki6 nIonfO{ ljrf/ ubf{ o;n] lgs6 eljiodf ult lng] s'g} nIf0f klg b]lvb}g
. kfFr bnsf :jfy{x? kfFrlt/ kmls{Psf 5g\, :j/x? km/s 5g\ / bL3{sflng ;d:of ;dfwfgsf
nflu ;femf sfo{s|dsf] s'/f t 5f8f}+, pgLx?sf] tTsfnsf] nIodf klg Ps?ktf 5}g
. hgtfx? lg/fz 5g\, d]l8ofdf b]lvg] bnx?sf] 5lj /fd|f] 5}g, g]tfx? clVtof/sf]
;f}hGodf h]n leq aflx/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf cfGbf]ngaf6 bnx?n] s] dfu]sf]
eGg] k|i6 5}g, pgLx? h] rflx/x]sf 5g\ Tof] eGg ;ls /x]sf 5}gg\ / h] elg/x]sf
5g\ To;af6 ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg x'g] eGbf klg cGof]ndfq al9/x]sf] 5 .
hgcfGbf]ngdf ;+nUg /fhgLlts bnx¿sf cu|ufdL ;'wf/ ;DaGwL ;femf b[li6sf]0f
/ sfo{qmd gfds bnx?sf] ax'rlr{t !* a'+b] 3f]if0ffkqsf] lgisif{df bnx?sf] cfGbf]ngsf]
nIo lgSof}{n ul/Psf] 5 . kfFrbnsf] ;f] ;femf b[li6sf]0fdf n]lvPsf] 5 M æ@)$^
;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt pknlAwx¿sf] /Iff ub}{ b]znfO{ cu|ufdL lbzf
k|bfg ug{ ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf ;xefuL /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] k/fdz{ / l;kmfl/;df
k|wfgdGqLsf] lgo'lQm / k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ u7g u/L k|wfgdGqLsf]
l;kmfl/zdf k|ltlglw;efsf] k'g:yf{kgf ug{' / g]skf dfcf]jfbL ;Fusf] zflGt jftf{nfO{
;kmn Pj+ kl/0ffdd'lv agfpg' / /fi6"nfO{ ;du|df cu|ufdL lbzfdf a9fpg' zflGtk"0f{
;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] nIo xf] .Æ hgcfGbf]ngsf] nIodf k|wfgdGqLsf] lgo'lQm,
;+;bsf] k'g{:yfkgf / dfcf]jfbL;+usf] jftf{nfO{ /flvPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf b'O{ nIox?
hgcfGbf]ngsf] eGbf klg cfGbf]ngaf6 :yflkt ;/sf/sf] nIo x'g ;S5, To;sf/0f hgcfGbf]ngaf6
k|fKt ug{ vf]h]sf] nIo eg]sf] k|wfgdGqLsf] lgo'lQm dfq b]lvG5 . To;/L ;/sf/
ag]kl5 dfcf]jfbL ;d:of nufotsf ;d:ofx?sf] bL3{sfnLg xn vf]Hg ;+ljwfg k"g{lgdf{0f
cflb eg] cfGbf]ngsf] bL3{sfnLg nIo x'g'k5{ .
o;/L bnx?sf] cfGbf]ngsf] d'Vo nIo ag]sf] k|wfgdGqLsf] lgo'lQmdf bnx?n] ;'emfPsf]
k|ls|of eg]sf] bnx?sf] k/fdz{ / l;kmfl/;df ul/g] lgo'lQm xf] . bnx?sf] sdhf]/L
eg]s} of] lgo'lQmsf] k|ls|ofdf k|i6 x'g g;Sg' xf] . b/jf/n] bnx?sf] olx sdhf]/Lsf]
kmfObf p7fP/ pgLx?sf] d'vdf a'hf] nufOlb/x]sf] 5 . nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbsf] lgo'lQm
Pdfn] / sf+u|];sf] ;xdltd} ePsf] xf] eGg] k|i6 eO;s]sf] 5 . Ps-csf{k|ltsf] cljZjf;
/ z+sfsf] efjn] ubf{ k|wfgdGqL kb e/;s cfg} kf]N6fdf k/f];, gePklg c?
s;}n] nuf]; t/ cfgf] ;dsIfL bnn] gkfcf]; eGg] efjgfn] ubf{ oL b'O{ 7"nf
bnx?n] rGbsf] gfddf ;xdlt hgfPsf x'g\ . bnx?n] dfu] h:tf] t b/jf/n] ;+w} k'¥ofpb}
cfPsf] 5 . bnx?n]
rGbÚ dfu], rGbsf] ;/sf/ cfof] Ù rGb;/sf/sf]
lj/f]wdf bnx?n] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ ePsf] ;/sf/ eg], b/jf/n] ;'o{axfb'/ yfkfnfO{
lgo'lQm lb+bf Tof] klg k'¥ofOlbPsf] 5 . bnx?n] s] dfu]sf] <
cfGbf]ng/t bnx?n] yfkfsf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ ;lxtsf] ;/sf/ dfg]gg\, / gdfGg'df
h] ts{ cfpg' kg]{ xf] Tof] ts{ cufl8 g;f/]/ bnx? 3'dfp/f] / cfn6fn] s'/f u5{g\
h;n] ubf{ pgLx?sf] dfu sdhf]/ aGg k'u]sf] 5 . bnx?n] yfkfsf] lgo'lQmnfO{ gdfGg'
kg]{ sf/0f Pp6} dfq 5 M yfkfn] lgjt{dfg ;+;b, h;n] cfhsf ldlt;Dd hgtfsf] ;/sf/
5fGg kfpg] clwsf/sf] k|ltlglwTj ul//x]sf] 5 / h;n] xb{d ;/sf/nfO{ hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL
agfpg] lgsfosf] e"ldsf lgefO/x]sf] x'G5, sf] ax'dt ;f+;bsf] k|ltlglwTj
ub}{gg\ . To;sf/0f ;'o{axfb'/ yfkfnfO{ g} l6Kg' kg]{ sf/0f s] < g]kfnL sf+u|];,
Pdfn], hgdf]rf{, ;b\efjgf / g]dlskfsf ;f+;b ;+Vof ldnfpg] xf] eg] To;n] lgjt{dfg
;+;bdf - tNnf] / dflyNnf] ;ef b'j} _ :ki6 ax'dt xfl;n ug{ ;S5, / To;n] 5fg]sf]
JolQmdfq b]zsf] k|wfgdGqL x'g ;S5 .
bnx?n] t k|i6;+u JolQmsf] gfddf ax'dt ;f+;bx?sf] l;kmfl/;;fy /fhfdf lgo'lQmsf]
nflu dfu ug{' kg]{ xf] . olx gugf{n] ;do-s';dodf ;femf :jfy{df JolQmut :jfy{
xfjL x'g k'u]sf] 5 / bnx?sf] zlQm vl08t x'g] u/]sf] 5 . rGbsf] /fhLgfdf cfPkl5
gofF ;/sf/ lgo'Qm ug]{ k|ls|of z'? x'gf;fy sf+u]|; leq Pdfn]nfO{ k|wfgdGqLdf
l;kmfl/; ug{ gx'g] eGg] ljjfb plAhof] / Tolx sf/0f x'g' k5{ kfFr bndf dfwj g]kfnnfO{
k|wfgdGqLdf l;kmfl/; ug]{ ;xdlt eP klg /fhf;+usf] ;fd'lxs e]6df lul/hfk|;fb
sf]O/fnfn] dfwj g]kfnsf] gfd l;kml/z ug{ cGsgfpg' k/]s]f . sf/0f h] ;'s} xf];,
t/ bnx? cfg} /0fgLltut sdhf]/Lsf sf/0f /fhgLltsf] d"nk|jfxaf6 kfvf
nfUb} uO/x]sf 5g\ .
lgjt{dfg ;f+;bx?n] Pdfn] jf sf+u|]; jf c? s'g} bnsf] hf] ;'s} ;f+;bnfO{ klg
k|wfgdGqLdf l;kmfl/z ug{ ;S5g\, t/ pgLx?n] l;kmfl/z ul/ ;s]kl5 Tof] JolQmsf]
ljjfbdf 6'+uf] nfU5 / cfGbf]ng/t bnx?sf] Tof] ;femf dfu x'g k'U5 . Tof] JolQmnfO{
k|wfgdGqLdf lgo'Qm ug{' cfGbf]ngsf] tfTsflns nIo x'g' k5{ . clxn] /fhgLlts bnsf
g]tfx?nfO{ s';L{ tfs]sf] cf/f]k nfUg] u/]sf] 5, / bnx?n] clwsf+z ;do Tof] xf]Og
eg]/ v08g ug{df g} latfO/x]sf 5g\ . bnx?n] k|wfgdGqLsf] kb cfkm"x?n] dfu]sf]
eGg nhfpg' kg]{ lsg / To;nfO{ v08g ug{' kg]{ lsg < hgtfn] lgjf{rg u/]sf]
;+;b lyof], ;+;b lj36g eof] t/ ^ dlxgfleq r'gfjx'g g;s]sfn] hgtfnfO{ nfdf] ;do;Dd
k|ltlglwljlxg agfpg' gx'g] ;+j}wflgs jfWotf cg'?k Tof] ;+;bsf] ax'dt ;f+;bx?n]
;/sf/ u7g ug]{ bnx?sf] dfu x'g' kg]{ xf] . Tof] ;/sf/ :jtM sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/
;lxtsf] x'g]5, g ls s;}n] To;nfO{ clwsf/ lbO/fVg' kg]{5 / Tof] bnx?dfkm{t hgtfk|lt
pQ/bfoL x'g]5 .
bnx?sf] cfGbf]ngsf] nIog} sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL ;/sf/df Nofpg'
xf] h;sf] d'Vo sl8 k|wfgdGqLsf] kb xf] . cfGbf]ngsf] Ph]08f Tof] xf] eGg nhfpg'
kb}{g, Tof] pgLx?sf] clwsf/ xf] . olb bnx?n] pgLx?sf] k|:tfljt k|wfgdGqL sf]
x'g] eg]/ elglbP, kbsf] nflu b/jf/df lgj]bg xfn]sf] eg]/ s;}nfO{ cf/f]k klg
nfUg] lyPg / cfGbf]ngn] klg gofF phf{ k|fKt ug]{ lyof] .
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