rf}tf/L
clen]vfno
Pdfn]n] km]/L ulNt t ub}{ 5}g st} <
ljzfn g]kfn
hgj/L )%, @))$
h]7sf] zfxL xTofsf08 / c;f]hsf] g]kfnL ;+ljwfg dflysf] gfªuf] x:tIf]k kZrft\
cfd g]kfnL hgtfsf] gh/sf lu/]sf] /fhtGqsf] ;fvnfO{ cfk\mgf cf;]kf;] / e/f}6]x?jf6
hlt g} hnk nufpg] s;/t u/]klg b/jf/af6 ;~rflnt xfnsf sfo{x?jf6 b/jf/ emg\ al9
hgtfsf] ;fd' gfª\lub} 5 . PsfO;f}+ ztflAbsf /fhfn] vf]kLdf /fv]sf] b]jtf
e}+m ;+ljwfgsf] bfo/fleq a;]/ hgtfn] 5'6\ofP/ lbPsf] dfg' vfb} c? s]lx bzs l6Sg]
pkfo vf]Hg'sf] ;6\6f hgtf;Fu g} kf}+7]hf]/L v]Ng] h'g hdsf]{ b/jf/ ub}{5, To;n]
b/jf/sf] cfo' g} 36fp+b} 5 . olb b/jf/ ce}m c? s]lx ;do cfk\mg} e/f}6]x?nfO{
kfn}kfnf] k|wfgdGqLsf] s';L{df /flv hgtfsf] dtnfO{ 6f9f kfb}{ nfg vf]H5 eg]
;fob /fhtGqsf] cGTo klg glhlsPsf] eGg'df s'g} cTo'QL gxf]nf . olx cj:yf c? s]lx
;do /x\of] eg] g]kfnL hgtfsf] b/jf/ ;docg';f/ cfk"mnfO{ kl/jt{g ub}{ nfg]
5 eGg] rfxgf klg sl/a sl/a ;lsG5 / g]kfnL /fhlgltn] Pp6f 7"nf] df]8 lng}
kg]{ cfjfZostf k}bf ePsf] 5 .
g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] Pp6f 7"nf] lx:;fnfO{ h+un k:g afWo kfl/Psf] 5 . aFfsLnfO{
clncln ub}{ kG5fP/ cfk\mgf] dx]Gb|jfbsf] ;kgfnfO{ ;fsf/ kfg]{ h'g lx;fa lstfa
b/jf/n] /fv]sf] 5, clxn]sf] o'udf Tof] b/jf/n] ;f]r]h:tf] ;xh 5}g . o;n] t emg\
/fhtGqnfO{ PSn} agfp+b} /fhtGqlj/f]wL df]rf{ aGg] ;'gf}nf] df}sf k|bfg u/]sf]
5 . xfn;fn}sf lbgx?df /fhtGqnfO{ ;w}+ sfvL RofKg] sf+u|];sf] klg df]x e+u x'b}
uPsf] 5 / ljz]if u/]/ ef]lnsf b]z xfSg] s0f{wf/ ljBfyL{x?sf] lardf /fhtGq lj/f]wL
efjgf bL3{sfnLg ?kdf ljhf/f]k0f ePsf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf klg bnx?n] cfk\mg} o'jfx?sf]
cfjfhnfO{ g;'g]/ hgtfsf] dg lht]/ eGbf b/jf/ v'zL agfP/ l56f] ;Qfdf k'Ug ;lsG5
eGg] dfq ;f]rfO{ lsg /fv]sf 5g\ < o;n] cfd g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ g} cfZrfo{df kf/]sf]
5 .
u0ftGqsf] kIfdf g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfjfh PsLs[t x'b} uO/x]sf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf kf6L{x?n]
klg g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] rfxgfnfO{ dWogh/ u/L cfk\mgf sfo{ of]hgfnfO{ kl/jt{g ub}{
nfg'kg]{ cfjfZostf 68\sf/f] ?kdf b]lvPsf] 5 . hgtfsf] ;jf{lws dt kfP/ ljZjf;
lht]sf 7"nf kf6L{x? g]skf Pdfn] / g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;fd' s7f]/ / bL3{sfnLg
lg0f{o lng klg kl5 kg{ gx'g] a]nfdf Pdfn]sf] s]lGb|o sld6Lsf] a}7s klg o;} xKtf
a:b} 5 . :yfoL sld6Lsf] a}7sn] ;Dk"0f{ kIf;Fu 5nkmnsf] 9f]sf v'nf ub}{
;j{blno ;/sf/ agfO{ dfcf]jfbL;Fu jftf{ ug]{, To;kl5 dfcf]jfbL ;lDnt uf]nd]r
;Dd]ng ug]{ / r'gfj u/L gofF ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf0f{ ug]{ s'/f u/]/ cf;Gg s]lGb|o
sld6Lsf] a}7snfO{ u0ftGqsf] nflu lg0f{o ug{ dfu{k|;:t u/]kl5 rt'/ b/jf/ Pdfn]sf
dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnnfO{ bz{g e]6 lbP/ gLltut ?kdf u0ftGqsf] kIfdf lg0f{o
lngaf6 jl~rt u/fp+b}5 . of] s'/f Pdfn]sf ;Dk"0f{ g]tf tyf sfo{stf{n] a'emL
Ifl0fs ?kdf b/jf/sf] hfndf gkm:g' g} Pdfn] nufot ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLsf] nflu
>]os/ 5 . s]= kL= cf]nL / afdb]j uf}tdn] g} p7fPsf] k|z+u ePklg ;d:t kf6L{
sfo{stf{ Pj+ g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgfnfO{ Wofgdf /flv of] a}7sdf u0ftGq g]kfnsf]
kIfdf lg0f{o lng' g} g]kfnsf] eljZo tyf :jo+ Pdfn]sf] eljZosf] nflu klg ;jf]{Qd
pkfo xf] .
;+ejt Pdfn]sf] nflu cfufdL of] a}7s g} clGtd df}sf klg xf] . of] g]skf Pdfn]sf
nflu ;aeGbf al9 r'gf}ltsf] t To;} klg 5b+} 5 To;dfly o;n] lng] lg0f{ox?n] kf6L{sf]
eljZo klg lgwf{/0f ug]{5 . cd]l/sf / ef/tnfO{ v'zL gkf/L g]kfnsf] ;Qfdf k'Ug
c;+ej 5 eGg] Pdfn]sf s]xL g]tfx?sf] ljZn]]if0fnfO{ klg ca kl/jt{g ug'{k5{ .
cfk\mgf] kf6L{sf clwsf+z sfo{stf{ sDo'lgi6 ljrf/wf/faf6 k|]l/t 5g\ / kf6L{ sDo'lgi6
kf6L{ xf] eg]/ g]kfnL hgtfaf6 lnPsf] ef]6nfO{ klg sb/ ug}{ kg]{ jfWotf klg Pdfn]
dfyL a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . kf6L{sf] sfof{noaf6 ef/t / cd]l/sL /fhb't hf+bf cGt/fli6|o
sDo'lgi6 g]tfx?sf] kmf]6fx? n'sfP klg kf6L{sf] gfd / em08f g} ;fd|fHojfbL zlQmx?nfO{
Zf+sfsf] nflu k|ofKt ePsf] t xfn;fn} ef/tsf] O{lGb/f uflGw ljdfg :yndf Pdfn]
g]tf O{Zj/ kf]v/]nnfO{ ul/Psf] a]Ohtn] k|i6 kfb{5 . Psflt/ cfk\mg} kf6L{sf clwsf+z
g]tf tyf sfo{stf{jf6 ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg'k5{ eGg] bjfj / csf]{lt/ b/jf/af6 kmn
xft nfUg] ;+efjgf klg Hofb} sd /x]sf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf of] a}7sdf Pdfn]n] uDeL/
lg0f{o lng'k5{ . b/jf/af6 clGtd ;dodf ul/Psf] cj/f]w afx]s ;Dk"0f{ 36\gfqmdn]
of] a}7sdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] kIfdf lg0f{o ug{ Pdfn]nfO{ afWo kfb}{5g\ / Pdfn]sf]
eljZosf] nflu of] g} ;jf]{Qd lg0f{o klg x'g]5 . o;n] Psflt/ sDo'lgi6 em08fsf]
cfb/ ug]{5 eg] csf]{lt/ cfk\mgf] kf6L{sf sfo{stf{nfO{ dfcf]jfbLlt/ knfog x'gaf6
klg hf]ufpg] 5 . olb cem} klg b/jf/s} cf;f-e/f];fdf k/]/ b/jf/d'lv lg0f{o Pdfn]n]
u/\\of] eg] of] p;sf] nflu csf]{ em8\sf ;fljt Tolta]nf x'g]5 hj b/jf/n] Pdfn]n]
eg]sf] s'/f xfjfdf p8fP/ cfk\mgf] af6f]df cl3 a9\g] 5 . of] t ljutsf Jojxf/af6
klg Pdfn]n] r]Tg'kg]{ xf] . Pdfn]n] o;kfnL klg csf]{ ulNt gu/f];\ .
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