rf}tf/L
clen]vfno
gofF ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f g} ;+s6 ;dfwfg xf]
k|efs/ ljZjsdf{
km]j|'c/L !(, @))$
d"n'sn] ef]lu/x]sf] ;d:ofaf6 d'Qm x'g] ;+st st} b]lvb}g . a? cem ;d:ofnfO{
hl6n agfO{ b]z / hgtfnfO{ yk s'g ;+s6df k'¥ofpg] xf] Totflt/ ;+s]t ul//x]sf]
5 /fi6" k|d'vsf kl5Nnf lqmofsnfkx?n] . k|hftGqsf] b'xfO lbP/ lg/+s'z aGg]
dxTjsfFIffn] b]zn] lgsf; /fhfaf6 x'g] s'g} ;+s]t t 5}g g} ;fy} ljut !@ jif{sf]
k|hftflGqs cEof;nfO{ unt ;fljt ug{ lx8]/ cfgf] vf8n cfkm}+ vGb} 5g\ .
hgtfsf] kL/dsf{ a'em\g] hgtfs} k|ltlglwx?n] . hgtfsf af/]df /fhfnfO{ s]lx a'em\g]
lh1f;f eP ltg} hgtfsf k|ltlglw dfkm{t\ a'em\g ;lsGYof] . clxn] /fhfsf nflu hgtfsf
k|ltlglwx? 5}gg\ eGg] nfU5 eg] cfkm}+n] lgo'lQm u/]sf ljZjf;kfq k|wfgdGqL, dGqLx?
Dfkm{t lt sfo{x? ug{ ;lsGYof] . /fhf cfg} ;/sf/af6 ;d]t ljZjf; geP/ cfkm}
ef}tfl/Psf 5g\ . km]/L klg /fhf :jo+ hgtfsf aLrdf hfg', hgtfsf u'gf;f Pj+ kL/dsf{
a'em\g' cfkm+}df g/fd|f]] xf]Og . t/ hgtfsf] kL/dsf{ a'em\g] jxfgfdf wldnf]
kfgLdf df5f dfg]{ dg;fon] ul/g] e]63f6nfO{ eg] sbflk /fd|f] eGg ;lsb}g . clxn]]
/fhfnfO{ pgsf xf/]u'xf/]x?4f/f hj/h:tL ug{ nufOPsf] clegGbgn] To;}sf] k'li6
ub{5 .
s] /fhf jf:tljs ?kdf hgtfsf kL/sdf{ a'em\g lx8]sf x'g t < M
jt{dfg /fhf hgtfsf kL/dsf{k|lt slt ;+j]bgzLn 5g\ eGg] s'/fsf] k|df0f vf]Hg ;fob
w]/} klxn]sf] Oltxf; sf]6\ofpg' h?/t gknf{ . h'g ;dodf xTof, lx+;f / cft+ssf
sf/0f hgtfnfO{ b'O{ 5fs vfg ufx|f] kl/x]sf] lyof] . ;/sf/L ah]6n] gk'u]/ ;j{
;fwf/0f lkog, sd{rf/L Pj+ lzIfsx?n]] cfgf] k]6 sf6]/ Ps b]lv ;ft lbg ;Ddsf]
cf-cfgf] tna lbP To;} ;dosf] ah]6df ax'bnLo Joj:yfsf clGtd k|wfgdGqLn]
/fhfnfO{ v'zL kfg{ P3f/ s/f]8af6 c7\tL; s/f]8 jflif{s ah]6 k'¥ofO{ lbP .
To;af6 klg gk'u]/ cfgf] xftdf ;Qf lng] ljlQs} ;a} eGbf klxn] To;nfO{ rf};7L
s/f]8 agfP . of] t eof] cfly{s dfdnfsf] s'/f . ca /Xof] dfgjLo ;+j]bgzLntfsf]
s'/f, 6fOd klqsfdf JoQm cGt/jftf{af6 s] :ki6 x'G5 eg] cfh;Dd ljgf s;'/ d/]sf
;fwf/0f g]kfnL hgtfk|lt /fhfsf] slQ klg dg vfPsf] /x]g5, of]] rln/x]sf] o'åaf6
pgsf gfngftf cflb s;}nfO{ s]lx ePsf] 5}g pgsf] lsg dg vfG5 < / pgn] of]]]
o'åsf] ;dfwfgtkm{ nfUg] < /fhf JolQmjfbL ePkl5 gftfkftfsf] s'/f cfpF5,
xf]Og eg] /fhfsf gftfkftf eg] klg 5f]/f5f]/L eg] klg hgtf g} x'Gy] . ca b'j}
lx;faaf6 x]bf{ jt{dfg /fhfn] s;/L hgtfsf kL/dsf{ a'em\g ;S5g\ < csf]{ s'/f
jt{dfg ;dodf u|fdL0f Onfsfdf a:g] ;j{;fwf/0fn] h'g ;d:of ef]Ug' k/]sf] 5 To;sf]
;dfwfgsf nflu kL/dsf{ a'em\g] / ;d:of ;'Gg] dfq xf]Og ;dfwfg u/L lbg] xf] .
s] oqf] ;d:of /fhf PSn}n] ;dfwfg ug{ ;S5g < s] pgL hgtfsf ;d:of k|lt ;+j]bgzLn
5g\ < s] hgtfsf k|ltlglwx?af6 zf;g ;Qf rn]sf] b]Vg rfG5g\ < o:tf w]/}
cg'Ql/t k|Zgx? 5g\ . h'g jt{dfg /fhfaf6 ;dfwfg xf]nf eGg' / uf]? JofP/ b'w vfpFnf
eGg' p:t} p:t} xf] eGg' cltzof]lQm x'g] 5}g . Pp6f lhNnfsf] ;du| ljsf;sf nflu
jflif{s ?kdf kfFrb]lv bz s/f]8;Dd ah]6 5'§fOG5 . Tolx klg k|zf;lgs emd]nfsf
sf/0f ;a} vr{ x'g kfpFb}g eg] vr{dWo] klg rfnL; k|ltzt eGbf a9L e|i6frf/ x'G5
. ca olx lx;fan] klg /fhfn] cfgf nflu vr{ ug]{ kmut Pp6f kl/jf/sf nflu
Go'gtd ah]6 afx]ssf] /sdn] rfxg] xf] eg] slt lhNnfsf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsbf]/x]5 eGg]
hf] sf]lxn] klg cg'dfg ug{ ;S5 . o;}af6 klg /fhf g]kfnL hgtfsf kL/dsf{ a'em\g
rfxG5g ls rfxb}gg\ eGg] lgrf]]8df k'Ug ;lsG5 .
s] c?nfO{ dfq bf]if lbg] jt{dfg cj:yf xf] < M
ha ha d"n'sdf ;Qf ;~rfngdf ;+s6 cfpF5, ta Ps csf{df bf]iff/f]k0f z'? x'G5
. of] s'g} gofF s'/f xf]Og . /f0ffx?sf] jj{/tfnfO{ yf]/ w]/ s] ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf
lxdfotL /fhgLlts bnx? s] /fhf ;a}n] kfngf u/]s} x'g . To;df klg ;+ljwfgsf ;+/Ifs
/fli6"o Pstfsf k|lts dflgPsf dxf/fhfaf6 d"n'ssf] sl/a cl; k|ltzt eGbf
a9L hgtfsf] hgdt kfPsf kf6L{x? dfly ;Dk"0f{ bf]if yf]kg'{nfO{ /fh;+:yfsf]
l;dfeGbf aflx/sf] ljifo xf] eGbf km/s gknf{ . k~rfotsf] cj;fg x'g] ;dodf k~rx?sf]
aLrdf o:t} bf]iff/f]k0f ePsf] lyof] . cGgtM Joj:yfs} cGTo ePsf] lyof] . ca ax'bnLo
kålt dfly nufpg yflnPsf] bf]ifn] st} /fhtGqsf] cGTosf] af6f] t vf]lh/x]sf]
5}g <
;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg s] 5 t < M
clxn] d"n's h'g ;d:ofaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 To;sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu Ps klIfo ;f]rfOn]
dfq x'g ;Sb}g . cem} klg cfkm' eGbf dfly p7]/ b]z / hgtfn] ef]u]sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg
ug{ kl§ nfUg' kb{5 eg]/ gt /fhfn] eg]sf 5g\ gt /fhgLlts bnx?n] g}, dfcf]jfbLx?
t emg Pp6f dfgjLo ;+j]bglzntfsf] l;df gf3]/ hlt a]nf h] dg nfUof] Tolx ug{ yfn]
. b'O{ hgf ;f+;b / lrn'jfnsf] xTofsf kl5Nnf 36gfx?n] pgLx? cftftfoL jfx]s s]lx
xf]Ogg\ eGg] k'li6 ul/;s]sf] x'Fbf pgLx?sf af/]df hlt lgGbf u/] klg sd} x'G5
. t;y{ d'n'sn] ca lgsf; kfpg'kb{5 . Tof] lgsf; eg]sf] æd]/f] uf]?sf] afx|}
6SsfÆ eGg] efjgfn] slxNo} klg x'Fb}g . To;sf nflu gt ;+;bjfbL /fhgLlts
bnx?n] eg] h:tf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgnfO{ lqmofzLn agfP/ x'g ;S5, gt /fhfn] ;f]r]
h:tf] u/L x'G5 . xfnsf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ lqmofzLn u/fP/ dfq lsg x'Fb}g eg] o; ;+ljwfgnfO{
kx'Frjfnfx? ;a}n] cf-cfgf] cg's"n x'g] u/L k|of]u u/] . hals o;sf
lgdf{0f stf{x?af6} cfgf] :jfy{ k"/f gePkl5 ;+zf]wgsf] cfjZostf pgLx?n]
g} b]Vg yfn] . o;n] ;a} If]q / ;d'bfonfO{ ;d]6]sf] 5 ls 5}g eGg] tkm{ s;}sf]
Wofg hfg ;s]g . @)% hgf k|ltlglwsf] Joj:yf ePsf] k|ltlglw ;efdf sl/a krf; nfv
hg;+Vof ePsf] blnt ;d'bfoaf6 Ps hgf blnt ;f+;b g'x'g' eg]sf] slt nHhf:kb s'/f
xf] Tof] s'/fnfO{ s;}n] p7fPgg\ . To;}sf] kmfObf lnP dfcf]jfbLx?n] . d"n'ssf]
k|zf;lgs lgsfodf Ps kIfsf] dfq xflnd'xfnL /xFb} cfof], To;}sf] k|ltkmn xf],
jt{dfg ;+s6, blntx? dfly d"n'ssf] ;jf]{Rr lgsfodf k'u]sf ;f+;bsf] ;+nUgtfdf
h3Go ck/fw u/L u}/ blntx?n] pgLx?nfO{ ;fdflhs alxisf/sf] gfddf ufpFaf6 v]b\g
yfNbf ;Dd To:tf ck/flwnfO{ k|zf;lgs lgsfoaf6 sfjf{xL ug]{ tTk/tf b]vfOPg, To;}sf]
kl/0ffd xf] jt{dfg ;+s6 . oBkL dfcf]jfbLx?n] klg ;kmfosf] gfddf w]/}sf] xTof
tyf ;fj{hlgs sfjf{xLx? u/]sf] ;'lgof] t/ 5'jf5'tsf] gfddf blntx? dfly h3Go ck/fw
36fpg]nfO{ sfjf{xL ul/Psf] eGg] slxNo} ;'Ggdf cfPg . oL / o:tf cg'Ql/t w]/}
k|Zgx? 5g\ . h;af6 kLl8t ;d'bfon] ;dfwfg vf]lh/x]sf] 5 . To;sf] ;dfwfgsf] pkfo
gvf]lh cGo 6fn] 6'n] s'/faf6 s]lx Ifl0fs ;dosf nflu ;dfwg lgl:sP klg bL3{sflng
?kdf d"n'sn] ;dfwfg kfpFb}g / b]zsf] pGgtL klg x'g ;Sb}g eGg] huhfx]/}
5 . To;sf nflu ;a} ju{ / ;d'bfoPsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] u7g
/ ;a} ju{ / ;d'bfosf] /fHosf ;a} lgsfodf ;dfg'kflt Joj:yf x'g] ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f
afx]s csf]{ ljsNk 5Fb}5}g . gofF ;+ljwfgsf] s'/f ubf{ ;+;b jf ;+j}wflgs ;'Gotf
/x]sf] cj:yfdf To;nfO{ cg'df]bg s;n] ug]{ eGg] s'/f klg s;}n] p7fpg] u/]sf 5g\
. Tof] klg jt{dfg cj:yfnfO{ cem} cGof]ndf kfg]{ ts{ xf] . @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgnfO{
s;n] cg'df]bg u/]sf] lyof] . To;} u/L lsg ug{ ;lsb}g . o;tkm{ ;a}sf] Wofg lsg
ghfg] .
|