rf}tf/L
clen]vfno
g]kfndf cf/If0fnfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{ xf] eg] ===
s'df/ of]Ghg tfdfª
clk|n )$, @))$
k|fs\syg M
>L % sf] ;/sf/n] cf/If0f Joj:yf ;DaGwL ;'emfj ;ldltnfO{ lbPsf] Dof08]6sf] ;do
klg ca ;dfKt eO;s]sf] 5 t/ ;ldltn] ;'emfj ;+sng ug{nfO{ s] s] sfd u¥of] Tof]
eg] yfxf kfpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df cf/If0f ;DaGwL s'/f ubf{ ;j{k|yd
cflbaf;L hghfltx?sf] 7f]; / a}1flgs 9+usf] klxrfg x'g cfj:os 5 ;fy} ;g\ !((^
kl5 g]kfnsf] dfgj ljsf; ;'rfª\s klg k|sflzt gePsf] x'Fbf dfgj ljsf; ;'rfª\s
g} klg gofF k|sfzg ug{' ca cfj:os eO;s]sf] 5 . To;kl5 dfq cf/If0f ;DaGwL alu{s/0fsf]
sfdnfO{ 7f]; kfg{ ;lsPnf .
s_ cf/If0fsf nflu jlu{s/0f M
t/ tTsfnnfO{ pknJw kl5Nnf dfgj ljsf; ;'rfª\s, lj=;+= @)%* sf] hgu0fgf tyf ;/sf/L,
u}/ ;/sf/L If]qaf6 cfPsf tYof+sx?nfO{ cfwf/ agfpFb} hftLo cfwf/df jlu{s/0fsf]
sfd yfNg] xf] eg] oxfFsf cflbaf;L hghfltx?nfO{ tLg ju{df ljefhg ug{ ;lsG5 M
!_ cl:tTjs} ;+s6 Joxf]/L/x]sf hghfltx? M h;df cl:tTjs} ;+s6 ef]lu/x]sf s';'G8f,
s'zjfl8of, /fp6], /fhL, n]Krf, Xof]Ndf], jfn'ª, xfo', Jof;L, ls;fg, agsl/of,
b]lv )=! k|ltzteGbf dfly )=$ k|ltzteGbf sd hg;+Vof ePsf / /fHosf] ;]jf ;'ljwfaf6
alGrt /x]sf wd{, efiff, ;+:s[ltsf b[li6n] cf]/fnf] nflu/x]sf tyf dfgj ljsf;
;'rfª\sdf ;a}eGbf tn /x]sf cflbjf;L hghfltx? 5Gt]n, dfemL, kx/L, d]r], b'/f,
lh/]n, a/fd', tfhk'l/of, b/fO{, bg'jf/, ugufO{, ;tf/, emfFu9, yfdL, lwdfn, ;'g'jf/,
af]6], wfg's, s'dfn, e'h]n cflb ;d]t kb{5g\ .
@_ /fHosf] ;]jf ;'ljwf / clwsf/af6 alGrt hghfltx? M ! k|ltzteGbf dfly hg;+Vof
ePsf t/ /fHosf] ;]jf ;'ljwf / clwsf/af6 alGrt, wd{, efiff, ;+:s[lt jf k/Dk/fx?
cf]/fn]f nfUb} u/]sf, dfgj ljsf; ;'rfª\s tyf /fHosf] z}lIfs, k|zf;lgs, /fhg}lts
cflb If]qdf guGo dfq pkl:ylt ePsf hfltx? o; cGtu{t kb{5g\ . h:tf]M /fO{, lnDa',
du/, yf?, tfdfª, u'?ª, z]kf{ cflb hfltx? kb{5g\ .
#_ /fHosf] ;]jf ;'ljwfdf kx'Fr ePsf hghfltx? M hg;+Vof hlt ePklg /fHosf] ;]jf
;'ljwfdf kx'Fr /fVg ;s]sf, dfgj ljsf; ;'rfª\s cg';f/ cfly{s, z}lIfs Pj+ cGo
lx;fjn] cuf8L /x]sf hghfltx? o; cGtu{t /flvg'kb{5 . h:tf] g]jf/, ysfnL cflb
. s]lx bzs otf cfly{s pGgltdf u'?ª / z]kf{sf] klg pNn]vgLo a[l4 ePsf] tkm{ klg
cf}NofOg' /fd}| x'g]5 .
v_ cf/If0fsf] Joj:yfkg M
!_ lzIff, :jf:Yo dft[efiff tyf /f]huf/Ldf M Æsæ ju{df k/]sf hghfltx?sf
nflu /fHon] klxnf] k|fyldstf lbg] s'/f t ;xh a'em\g ;lsG5 t/ pgLx?sf] ;+/If0f
/ ;+a4{gsf nflu Toltn] dfq k'Ub}g . h;n] ljBfnosf] d'v b]Vg kfPsf 5}gg\ . h;sf
ePsf e"ld, l;k / k/Dk/fut 1fgx? klg nf]k jf cltqmldt eP/ eO;s]sf 5g\ /
hf];+u s'g} l;k / e"ld cj afFsL 5}gg\ pgLx?sf nflu /fHon] pknJw u/fpg]
of]Uotf vf]Hg] cf/If0fsf] s'g} cy{ x'Fb}g . o;y{ o;tf ;d'bfox?sf nflu ljz]if
pkrf/fTds cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g'kb{5 .
o;tf] cf/If0f tLg k|sf/sf x'g;Sb5g\ M
s_ pgLx?sf] l;k Pj+ bIftfsf] ljsf; ug]{ / l;w} /f]huf/L pknJw u/fpg] .
v_ pgLx?sf] nf]k x'g nfu]sf] efiff, wd{, ;+:s[lt Pj+ hg;+Vofdf clea[l4 ug]{
u/fpg] .
u_ cfkm\gf] k/Dk/fut e"ldaf6 lj:yflkt ePsf, cl:tTj ;+s6df /x]sf cToGt cNk;+Vos
Pj+ nf]kf]Gd"v hfltx?sf nflu lglZrt Onfsf jf If]q tf]sL a;f]jf;, lzIff,
cfocfh{g tyf /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf ug]{ u/fpg] .
Ævæ ju{df k/]sf hghfltsf xsdf klg w]/} xb;Dd olx gLlt nfu"
ul/g'kb{5 t/ o; ju{df k/]sf hghfltsf xsdf eg] cf/If0fleq klg cf/If0fsf] jlu{s/0f
ul/g'kb{5 . Psflt/ of]Uotfsf cfwf/df lbOg] cf/If0fnfO{ sfod /flvg'kb{5 eg] csf{lt/
jlu{s/0fsf cfwf/df ;a}eGbf ljkGg / lk5l8Psf ju{ jf ;d'bfosf nflu pkrf/fTds cf/If0fsf]
Joj:yf klg ul/g'kb{5 . of]Uotfsf cfwf/df k|bfg ul/g] cf/If0fdf lzIff, :jf:y]
tyf /f]huf/Lsf] k|lt:kwf{ u/fpFbf lgDg s'/fdf Wofg lbOg'kb{5 M
!_ o:tf] cf/If0fsf] k|lt:kwf{sf nflu klxnf] s'/f t ;DaGwLt hflt jf ;d'bfosf
jLrdf dfq k|lt:kwf{ u/fOg' kb{5 .
@_ o:tf] k|lt:kwf{df ;/sf/L ljBfnoaf6 cfpg] / gLlh ljBfnoaf6 cfpg]x?sf nflu
cnu cnu Joj:yf x'g'kb{5 .
#_ k|fyldstfsf] s'/f cfpFbf ;/sf/L ljBfnoaf6 cfPsfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg'kb{5 .
æuÆ ju{df k/]sf cflbjf;L hghfltx?sf nflu cf/If0fsf] s'/f ubf{ pgLx?df
alu{s/0f u/L ;a}eGbf ljkGg / ;a} lx;fjn] lk5l8Psf ju{ jf ;d'bfonfO{ dfq cf/If0fsf]
;'ljwf pknJw u/fOg'kb{5 . h:tf] g]jf/leq pkNnf] hft v;df h:t} hfltk|yf sfod
5 h;sf sf/0fn] pgLx? cfkm}leq klg 7"nf] ju{ljefhg, hftljefhg / e]befj 5
.
s_ dlxnf ;xefuLtf / cf/If0f M
;ldltnfO{ lbOPsf] Dof08]6sf] # g+= a'Fbfdf dlxnf lj?4sf] ;a} k|sf/sf] lje]bsf]
cGTo ug{, ;a} txsf hgk|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfx?df :yfg ;'/lIft ug{ tyf lzIff,
:jf:Yo, k|zf;lgs ;]jf / /f]huf/L nufotsf If]qdf cf/If0f;lxtsf] ljz]if Joj:yf
ug{ cfj:os ;'emfjx? k|:t't ug]{ eGg] k/]sf] 5 . of] ;sf/fTds sbd xf] t/ ;du|
?kdf g]kfnL dlxnfx?nfO{ Pp6} :t/df /fv]/ cf/If0f / lje]bsf] cGt ug{ ;lsGb}g
g t hgk|ltlglwTjsf] Joj:yf g} ug{ ;lsG5 . t;y{ dlxnfdflysf] e]befjsf] cGt ug]{,
/fhg}lts ;xefuLtf a9fpg] tyf lzIff, :jf:y] tyf /f]huf/Ldf cf/If0f lbg] xf] eg]
lgDg s'/fdf Wofg hfg'kb{5 .
s_ dlxnfsf] k}t[s ;Dkltdflysf] ;dfg\ clwsf/nfO{ dfGotf lbOg' kb{5 .
v_ v;, cflbjf;L hghflt / blnt dlxnfnfO{ cf/If0fsf] cnu cnu sf]6f 5'6\ofpg'kb{5
.
u_ o;tf] sf]6f hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df ;dfg'kflts lx;fjn] 5'6\ofOg'kb{5 .
3_ o;tf] alu{s/0fleq klg ljkGg / lk5l8Psf] ;d'bfonfO{ k|fyldstfsf] ;"lrdf
/fVg'kb{5 .
ª_ /fhg}lts ;xefuLtfdf n}+lus ;Gt'ng sfod x'g] u/L sf]6f tf]lsg'kb{5 /
gLltlgdf{0fsf] txdf pgLx?sf] kx'Fr a9fpg'kb{5 .
r_ lzIff / cfo{cfh{gdf dlxnfx?sf nflu ljz]if cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf ug{'kb{5 .
v_ blnt ;xefuLtf / cf/If0f M
cfh;Ddsf] ;/sf/L ;]jf /f]huf/L Pj+ k|zf;lgs If]qdf Pj+ k|ltlglwTjsf If]qdf klg
g]kfnsf] tYof+sdf st} pkl:ylt g/x]sf] hflt blnt g} xf] . ;/sf/L tYof+s cg';f/
klg ;f9] ;q nfveGbf al9 hg;+Vof ePsf blntx?sf] b]zsf] /fhg}lts, k|zf;lgs Pj+
/f]huf/Lsf] If]qdf st} klg pkl:ylt / ;xefuLtf b]lvb]}g . To;}n] cfh cf/If0fsf]
;a}eGbf al9 h?/t blnts} nflu 5 / blntx?sf] z'?b]lvsf] d'Vo dfu klg olx xf] .
blntx?sf xsdf cf/If0fnfO{ lgDg adf]lhd Jojl:yt ug{ ;lsG5 M
!= lzIff, :jf:y] tyf /f]huf/Ldf cf/If0fsf] ;"lrdf blntx?nfO{ cu| k|fyldstfdf
/fVg'kb{5 .
@= pgLx?sf] ;fdflhs e]befj / cdfgjLo Jojxf/nfO{ /f]Sg /fHon] ljz]if sfg"g
nfu' ug{'kb{5 .
#= blntx?df klg alu{s/0f u/L To;cg'?ksf] k|fyldstfqmd 5'6\ofOg' kb{5 .
$= pgLx?sf] k/Dk/fut k]zf Joj;fo tyf cfocfh{gdf ljz]if cf/If0f jf C0f ;'ljwfsf]
Joj:yf ul/g'kb{5 .
%= cNk;+Vos ;d'bfonfO{ lbOg] cGo cNk;+Vosx?sf] ;+/If0f ;DaGwL dfkb08x? cg'?k
;]jf ;'ljwf pknJw u/fOg'kb{5 .
^= hgk|ltlglwTjsf nflu blntx?sf hftLo, ;fdflhs agf}6 Pj+ afx'No If]qsf cfwf/df
cf/lIft If]q tf]lsg'kb{5 .
cf/If0fnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ s]lx gLltut ;xdltsf k|Zgx? M
cf/If0f ;DaGwL pk/f]Qm adf]lhd sfo{of]hgf tyf cjwf/0ff cg'?k sfd yfNgnfO{ d"ntM
lgDg adf]lhd gLltut ;xdlt aGg'kb{5 / dfq o;nfO{ 7Ls 9+un] sfo{Gjog ug{ ;lsG5
M
s_ g]kfndf cf/If0f ;DaGwL gLlt to ug{'eGbf klxn] g]kfnsf ;d'Rr cflbjf;L hghflt
;d'bfox?sf] a}1flgs klxrfg tyf eflifs ;j]{If0f ul/g'kb{5 .
v_ cf/If0fsf nflu jlu{s/0f ubf{ ljkGg, lk5l8Psf] Pj+ nf]kf]Gd'v hflt, ;d'bfo
jf ju{ / If]qaf6 k|fyldlss/0fsf] sfd yfNg'kb{5 / To;df klg ;aeGbf ljkGg, lk5l8Psf]
ju{, ;d'bfo jf If]qnfO{ jlu{s/0f u/L k|fyldstfsf] ;"lr tf]lsg'kb{5 / To;sf
nflu vf; dfkb08 ljsf; ul/g'kb{5 .
u_ cf/If0f hfltx?sf] hg;+Vofsf] cg'kftsf] cfwf/df tf]lsg'kb{5 .
3_ cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf gLlh If]qsf pBf]u, snsf/vfgf tyf k]zf Joj;fosf nflu ;d]t
nfu' x'g] Joj:yf ul/g'kb{5 .
ª_ cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf lzIff, :jf:y], k|zf;lgs ;]jf, /f]huf/L tyf /fhg}lts
If]qdf dfq xf]Og ;f] s'/f Gofo, ;]gf, k|x/L, s'6g}lts If]q cflbdf klg ls6fgLsf;fy
tf]lsg'kb{5 .
r_ ljleGg cflbjf;L hghflt tyf blntx?sf] k/Dk/fut 1fg, l;k, k|ljlw, cf}iflw tyf
k]zf Joj;fonfO{ ;+/If0f Pj+ k|a4{g ug]{ u/L cfocfh{gdf ljz]if cf/If0f, ;x'lnot
jf lgJof{hL C0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g'kb{5 .
5_ ljleGg cflbjf;L hghfltx?sf dft[efiff Pj+ lnkLx?nfO{ pgLx?sf] afx'No If]qdf
sfdsfhL efiffsf] dfGotf lbb} tL efiffx?sf] k7gkf7gnfO{ clgjfo{ u/fpg] tyf To;sf
nflu ljz]if cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g'kb{5 .
h_ /fhg}lts hgk|ltlglwTjsf] ;jfnnfO{ ;+3Lo k|0ffnL cGtu{t hftLo, eflifs Pj+
If]qLo :jfoQ zf;g ;+/rgfsf cfwf/df xn ul/g'kb{5 .
em_ To:tf] :jfoQ If]qx?sf] lgdf{0fsf nflu jt{dfg lhNnf, cGrnsf] 7fpFdf d"ntM
hftLo, eflifs, If]qLo Pj+ ;fdflhs agf}6sf cfwf/df gofF ;+/rgf v8f ul/g'kb{5
.
6_ cf/If0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;+a}wflgs Pj+ sfg"gL Joj:yf4f/f lgSof}{n ul/g'kb{5
.
7_ /fHon] ckgfpFb} cfPsf] wd{, efiff, ;+:s[lt nufotsf ljleGg If]qdf /x]sf] Psflwsf/sf]
cGt ul/g'kb{5 .
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