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x'g t w]/}nfO{ nfUg ;Snf, 3f]8fsf] nft vfg' eGbf /fhfsf] nft vfg' w]/} /fd|f] . t/ nft nft} xf], 3f]8fsf] xf];\ ls /fhfsf] . To;n] e]6]kl5 hf];'s}nfO{ xf];\ PskN6 ltgeN8\ofª v]nfpF5 g} . z]/ axfb'/nfO{ t Oltxf;d} lkm6 gx'g] u/L c;Ifd, gfnfos sf] ku/L le/fOlbP/ h'7]Ngf]df k'/\ofO lbof] . of] a'em\g]sf nflu sd 3fts nft xf]Og . To;}n] hfGg]n] /fhfsf cuf8L / 3f]8fsf] k5f8L ga:g' . s'g a]nf nft jif{g] xf] Tof] kQ} x'Fb}g h;/L b]pjfnfO{ ePg .

t/ o;df nft xfGg]sf] dfq bf]if 5}g, nft vfg]sf] klg TolQs} bf]if 5 . z]/ axfb'/ cfkm}n] ;+ljwfgdfly k6s k6s anfTsf/ gu/]sf] eP pg\n] o:tf] nft vfg} kg]{ lyPg . z]/ axfb'/n] cl:t;Dd s] 7f]gsf lyP eg] d slxNo} a'9f] x'Gg, d]/f] s'lr{ slxNo} 8udufpb}g . t/ clxn] pgnfO{ yfxf eof] ls dfG5] ;Fw} tGg]/L /xb}g /x]5 . To;}n] clxn] pgL kqsf/, a'l4hLjL / gful/s ;dfhnfO{ ;d]t u'xfb}{ 5g\ d]/f] s'/f klg ;'lglbg' k/\of] eg]/ . t/ ljr/f]sf] s'/f clxn] s:n] ;'lgb]cf];\ . s'lr{df x'Fbf pg\n] s;}sf] s'/f ;'g]sf lyP / <

cem clxn] t b/jf/sf] nft dfq k/\of] . ef]ln dfcf]jfbLx?sf] hg cbfntsf] t/jf/ klg pgLdfly gknf{ eGg ;lsGb}g lsgsL pgs} x7n] rf/ xhf/ g]kfnL 5f]/f 5f]/Lx?sf] Hofg uPsf] 5 . s] pgnfO{ xTof/fsf] bhf{df cGt/fli6o ck/fw cbfntdf gpEofOPnf < 6fpsf]sf] d"No tf]s]/ 6fpsf] n]pm emf]nfe/L k};f nu]/ hfpm eGg]x?sf] ca cfkm\g} 6fpsf] x/fpg] a]nf cfPg t < k|e', log\sf nflu t /ft klg ca nfdf] agfOb]pm .

afx| jif{df vf]nf] klg kmls{G5 M

elgG5, afx| jif{df vf]nf] klg kms{G5 . clxn] sltkosf nflu To:t} ePsf] 5 . uf]/] sfn] RofG6] EofG6] sltsf] lbg v'n]sf] 5 bz}+sf] 6\ofSs d'vdf . ljr/f] uf]/] kGrfot sfn e/L sDo'lgi6sf] emf]nf af]s]/ lx8\Yof] . pm To;a]nf slt cfbz{jfg\ lyof] eg] p;n] lhpdf vb\b/sf] sldh z'?jfn, v'6\6f]df rKkn / sfFwdf km's]{ emf]nf eGbf s]lx nfPg . xf]rL sfsfsf] 7\ofSs gSsn] bf/L xNnfpb} pm ufpF a];L+ uYof]{ / eGYof] of] b]zaf6 /fhf, ;fdGtx? gnv]l6sg hgtfsf] lbg cfpb}g . hgjfb lhGbfjfb .

t/ 5ofln; ;fnsf] cfGbf]ng ;lsg] lalts} pg\n] eg] /fhf lhGbfjfb, / vf]n] pg\n] hghfltsf] kf6L{ . To;kl5 t pg\sf] e]if klg ablnof], pm ca lxhf]sf] vb\b/] uf]/] /x]g, 6fO z'6df lx+8\g] uf]/] axfb'/ aGof] . To;kl5 pg\n] kmdf{P, æzfx /fhfx? du/sf bfh'efO x'g\ , log\sf] xfdLn] lj/f]w ug'{ x'b}g . /fhfsf] 5q5fofFdf dfq hghfltx?sf] d'lQm x'G5 .Æ Psflt/ /fhfsf] rfs/L / csf{lt/ r'Rr]sf] 3f]/ lj/f]w, pg\sf] /fhgLltsf] bz{g\ aGof] . of] afx| jif{df pg\n] nfvf} To:tf ehgx? ufP . sltkN6 t b/jf/ klg wfP . t/ kmlnkmfk gePsfn] pgL Psn} eP klg rf/ lbg cl3 dfq b]pjfsf] gofF kf6L{df xfdkmfNg cfF6]sf lyP . t/ cfkm\gf kf6L{sf ;fyLx?n] ;dft]/ y]rf/]kl5 r'k nfu]sf uf]/] z]/]sf] lbg ;lsg] lalts} s'b]/ b/jf/ k'u] / eg,] æ;/sf/, d ;/sf/sf] ax'bn cfPkl5sf] ;a}eGbf glhssf] dfG5] . ax'bn cfPkl5 ;/sf/sf] ;fy lbg] Psnf] a[x:klt d} xF' .Æ s] rflxof], pgL ;/sf/sf gofF gf]s/df bh{ eOxfn] . ca t ;a} hghfltx?sf ;d:of r6\, ca vf;f ePg t hghfltsf] d'lQm .

xf], clxn] o:tf dfG5]x?sf nflu vf]nf] kmls{Psf] 5 . tkfO{ klg h'n'z lgsfNgf];\, /fhf cfp b]z arfp 3Gsfpgf];\ , kl;{kN6 tkfO klg dGqL eOxfNg' x'G5 . ca s] rflxof] . dGqL x'g ;lhnf] 5}g t < cl:t ef8fsf] 66\6'x? lnP/ b'O ;osf] h'n'z lgsfNg] b]zeQm ;+3sf dfG5]x? klg ca dGqLsf nfddf 5g\ . tkfO{+ r} lsg kl5 kg]{ < h'n'z lgsfNgf];\ x} cfh}, clxn] g} of e/] g} . cem} w]/} dGqLx?sf] l;6 vfnL 5 . s[kof, l9nfO{ gugf]{;\ x}, of] ;'gf}nf] df}sf u'Dnf . t/ ;lhnf] dfq g;Demgf];\, s;} s;}nfO{ t w]/} ufx|f] klg x'G5 h;/L xfd|f] uf]/] bfONffO{ eof] . pxfFnfO{ t ToxfF k'Ug 7\ofSs} afx| jif{ nfUof] lg .

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s] ug'{ ;a}nfO{ cfkm\g} xg'dfg Kof/f] x'G5 . clxn] /fhfn] klg cfkm\gf lxhf]sf ar]v'r]sf xg'dfgx? Af6'n]sf 5g\ . c? slt a6'Ng afFsL g} xf]nf . bz}+ kl5 tkfO{+n] ;a} xg'dfgx?sf] cg'xf/ 5n{ª b]Vg' x'g] 5 . xg'dfg, gfd}n] yfxf x'G5 Tof] g'gsf] ;f]emf] ug]{ k|f0fL xf] . z]/] cfkm"nfO{ hgk|ltlglw 7fGYof] / t ToxfF k'u]kl5 xg'dfg eGbf sd lyPg eg]kl5 oL t /fhfn] cfkm}n] 5fg]sf OdfGbf/ / akmfbf/ gf]s/x?, oLgaf6 tn dfly x'g] s'/} 5}g . / xf];\ klg s;/L, log\sf] xftdf 5 g} s] / < b]lv xflnof] lg, cflv/ z]/]sf] klg xftdf nfUof] z'Go g /x]5 .

cflv/ ;Qf, s'lr{ eGg] s'/f uhas} xFbf]/x]5 . xf]8 sxfF 5}g < g]kfnL sf+u|];df 5}g ls, Pdfn]df 5}g ls dfcf]jfbLdf 5}g < htftt} s'lr{sf] xf]8 5 . xg'dfg x'g'df xf]8 5 / agfpg'df xf]8 5 . sf+u|];df lxhf];Dd lul/hf / b]pjfdf, s:sf] xg'dfg x'g] eGg] xf]8 lyof] . Pdfn]df dfwj / cf]nLdf s:sf] xg'dfg x'g] eGg] xf]8 5, clxn] t Tof] nfOgdf jfdb]j klg ylkPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLdf klg xf]8 sd 5}g . k|r08 / afa'/fddf s:sf] xg'dfg x'g] < ls df]xg j}Bsf] x'g] < jftf{sf] ;dodf ca t xfd|f] xftdf ;Qf g} cfO;Sof] em}+ u/L kf6L{ sJhf ug]{ w'gdf df]xg j}Bsf xg'dfgx?n] g} ;aeGbf al9 Hofblt u/]sf] s'/f clxn] klg rrf{df 5 . ;Qf gcfpFb} t s'lr{sf nflu Pp6fnfO{ prfNg] / csf{nfO{ k5fg]{ v]n v]Ng]x?n] ;Qf cfPkl5 s] unf{ Tof] ;xh cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . ljr/f, tL kf6L{, qmflGt / d'lQmsf vflt/ cfkm\gf] hLjgsf] cfx'lt lbg] tnsf sfo{stf{x?, ltg\sf] lx;fa s;n] ul/lbg] < htftt} xg'dfgx?sf] ljuljuL ePsf] a]nf .

t/ xg'dfg g'gsf] ;f]emf] ug]{ dfq} x'b}gg\ . w]/} xg'dfgx? xg'dfglu/L ug]{ gfddf crfSnL ug]{ klg x'G5g\ . kGrfot 9fNgdf xg'dfglu/L ug]{x?sf] xft sd lyPg . ax'bn ljufg{df b]pjf h:tf gfnfos sk'tx?n] u/]sf] xg'dfglu/L sd lhDd]jf/ 5}g .

l7s 5 ;a}nfO{ cfkm\g} xg'dfg Kof/f] xf]nf t/ of] ljl;{g' x'b}g ls xg'dfgn] l7s} ul//fv]sf] 5 ls a]l7s . Tof] r} cfkm\g} ljj]sn] x]g]{ Ifdtf klg xg'dfg agfpg vf]Hg]x?df x'g' h?/L 5 . lrgdf dfcf]sf ;aeGbf eQm lng Kofcf] lyP /] t/ Tolx lng Kofcf]n] kl5 dfcf]sf] xTofsf] if8oGq /r]sf] s'/f k|l;4 5 . st} xg'dfgx?sf] e/df lx+8g vf]Hbf xg'dfg agfpg vf]Hg]x?s} b'u{lt r} gxf];\ .

cj ;a}nfO{ r]tgf eof M

5}dn] bnx? clxn] /fhfn] s'/f ;'lglbPg eg]/ ljnfk u/]/ lx8\b}5g\ . sfo/, kfgL d/\jf, b]z n'6fxfx?sf] s'/f s;n] kf] ;'lgb]j;\ . ljut afx| jif{;Dd ltdLx?n] slxNo} hgtfsf s'/f ;'Gg] lxDdt u/of}+ < k|hftGqsf] gfddf b]z n'6]/ ;vfk kfg]{, ;+ljwfg ;Ddt lgsf;sf] vf]hLsf] gfddf ;Fw} t'd z/0fd\ ug]{ tyf hgtfsf gfddf hgxTofdf /dfpg] kfv08L sfP/ g]tfx? clxn] lj/f]nf]n] cfrL Rofk]/ lx+8] em}+ s'Dnf] af]s]/ lx+8\g] l:yltdf k'u]sf 5g\ . g Xofp 5 g ;b\a'l4, ;Qf / e|i6frf/sf nflu vfnL rf]/ af6f] dfq vf]h]/ lx8]kl5 s;n] 6]5{ < ;dod} ltd|f] 3}6fdf 3fd gnfu]kl5 o;tf] b'u{lt x'g' ckl/xfo{ lyof] / eof] .

ca t ltdLx?sf xftdf 5 g} s] / ltdLx?n] eg]sf 6]5{g\ /fhfn] < ;+;b kf]nL vfOxfNof}, :yfgLo lgsfox? e+u ul/xfNof} . ;+ljwfg;Ddt lgsf;sf] s'/f ubf{ ub}{ ;+ljwfgnfO{ wf]tL ltdLx? cfkm}n] nufO;Sof} . ltdLx?n] g} wf]tL nufPsf] ;+ljwfgdf /fhfn] jf dfcf]jfbLn]] wf] Lt nufpg' gf}nf] s'/f] xf]Og . afx| jif{sf] ltdLx?sf] slyt cEof;n] vf]:6f] eO;s]sf] ;+ljwfgaf6 ca km]/L ;+ljwfg;Ddt lgsf; s;/L ;Dej 5 <

t/ lxDdt eP clxn] klg ;do 5 . bnx? Ps eP/ ;8sdf hfg ;S5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx?sf] em}+ ;fx;sf] /fhgLltn] dfq casf] lbgx?nfO{ k|hftGqsf] dfu{df 8f]/\ofpg ;S5, sfo/tfn] jf ;Qfsf lev dfUb} lªRr lªRr bfFt b]vfP/ xf]Og . gq sfu s/fpb} u5{ lkgf ;'Sb} u5{ eg] em}+ 808f h h;n] rnfpF5 zf;g klg To;} To;}n] u5{ . kl/l:yltn] ca ;a}nfO{ Totf ws]n]sf] 5 . larsf kfgL d/\jf bnx?sf] ca cl:tTjsf] cy{ 5}g . cfpg] ;/sf/n] Tof] lbzfdf cfufdL lbgnfO{ a'em]g / cljnDa zflGtjftf{df dfcf]jfbLnfO{ NofO cu|ud0fsf] af6f] vf]n]g eg] zflGt :yfkgfsf] s'/f ;kgf dfq x'G5 . lta| ultdf ljsl;t eO/x]sf] kl/jt{g;+u} cd]l/sg / o'/f]lkogx? cflQg yfn]sf] / dfcf]jfbLsf lj?4 df]rf{ s:g lrRofpb} g]kfn cfOk'u]sf] s'/f t xfn}sf lbgdf v'n]s} 5 . t/ /fhf cfkm}n] larsf zlQmnfO{ x6fO lbP / em8ksf] l;wf af6f] lnP . lht s:sf] xf]nf yfxf 5}g . /fhg}lts ;Qfsf] hGd aGb'ssf] gfnaf6 x'G5, dfcf]n] plxNo} eg]sf lyP . ca ;a}nfO{ r]tgf eof ..