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c;f]h !* ut]sf] k|ltudgsf/L zfxL sbd kl5 b]zdf Ps k|sf/sf] /fhg}lts z'Gotfsf]
l:ylt pTkGg ePsf] 5 . cyf{t\ b]zdf k'/fgf] ;+ljwfgsf] cGTo ePsf] 5 t/ gofF ;+ljwfg
jgfpg] / nfu" ug]{ jf/] clxn];Dd s'g} gofF kxn ePsf] 5}g . Jojxfl/s lx;fan]
eGg] xf] b]zsf clwsf+z u|fdL0f If]qx? qmflGtsf/L hgd'lQm ;]gfsf clwgdf 5g\ /
;Lldt zxl/of Onfsfx? b/jfl/of e/f}6] zfxL ;]gfsf lgoGq0fdf 5g\ . /fhg}lts lx;fan]
rflx+ s]Gb|Lo :t/df clxn] s'g} hglgj{flrt jf hgfb]z k|fKt s'g} ;fj{ef}d lgsfo
5}g\ . o:tf] kmf}hL lx;fan] 4}t ;Qf t/ /fhg}lts lx;fan] z"Gotf jf t/ntfsf]
l:ylt eg]sf] /fHoljxLgtf jf c/fhstfsf] l:ylt xf],h'g nfdf] ;do;Dd sfod /lx/xg
;Dej 5}g . o;n] Pp6f jf csf]{ , cu|ufdL jf kZrufdL /fhg}lts lgsf; vf]Hg} k5{
. o;af/] clxn] b]zdf ljleGg rrf{ kl/rrf{x? :jfefljs ?kn] rln/x]sf 5g\ / qmflGtsf/L
cfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmsf] lx;fan] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 cl3 ;fl/Psf] tTsfnLg /fhg}lts
lgsf;jf/] k|sfz kfg'{ To;}n] xfd|f] st{Jo jGg uPsf] 5 .
gofF lgsf;sf] s'/f ug'{ eGbf klxn] ;a}hgf Pp6f e|djf6 k"0f{?kn] d'Qm x'g
h?/L 5 ls ca b]zdf @)$& sf] ;+ljwfg / To;n] :f+:yfut u/]sf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf]
d[To' e};s]sf] 5 / ca To;nfO{ k'gM pxL ?kdf Ao"Ftfpg ;Dea 5}g. o;sf] lglDt
hf];'s} h]hlt lhDd]af/ eP klg / o;nfO{ krfpg s;}nfO{ hlt;'s} ufx|f] eP klg of]
jt{dfg g]kfnL Oltxf;sf] s6' oyfy{ xf] / of] oyfy{nfO{ g:jLsf/L casf] Oltxf;
cl3 a9fpg ;Dea} 5}g . k|hftGqsf] {b"wÚ s'g{ /fv]sf] b/jfl/of 5§'
{lj/fnf]Ún] b"w vfO;s]sf] 5 / ca p;nfO{ ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !@&
jf !@* dfkm{t\ Tof] b"w lkmtf{ u/ eGg' h:tf] lg/y{s d"v{tf c? s]xL
x'g] jfnf 5}g . @)$& ;fndf k|fKt u/]sf] {b"wÚ slt kof{Kt lyof]
/ Tof] b"w s'g]{ lhDdf {lj/fnf]Ú nfO{ nfufpg' slt plrt lyof] eGg]
s'/f efjL lk+9Ln] nfdf] ;do;Dd jx; u/]/ 6'+uf] nufpg ;Sg] xF'bf clxn] Totfkl§
ghfpm . tTsfnsf] lglDt h] s6' oyfy{ xf] To;nfO{ :jLsf/]/ b]z / hgtfsf] ;jf]{Qd
lxtdf cfufdL /fhg}lts sbdaf/] ljrf/ljdz{ ug'{ j'l4dfgL 7xg]{5 .
ca tTsfn ;Defljt /fhg}lts lgsf;x? s] s] 5g\ t < xfd|f] ljrf/df tLgj6f lgsf;sf
;Defjgfx? 5g\ , h;dWo]af6 xfdL ;a}n] 5gf]6 ug'{ kg]{ 5 . klxnf] , k|ltqmflGtsf/L
lgsf; b]f>f] , qmflGtsf/L lgsf; / t]>f], ;'wf/jfbL lgsf; .
;j{k|yd, k|ltqmflGtsf/L lgsf; jf/] . ;Dk"0f{ ;+;bjfbL / u}/-;+;bjfbL k|hftGqjfbL
zlQmx?nfO{ e/f}6] zfxL ;]gf / ljb]zL ;fd|fHojfbL tyf lj:tf/jfbL zlQmx?sf] ;}lgs
tyf u}/-;}lgs ;xof]u / ;d{ygdf ank"j{s bdg u/]/ ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfjfbL zlQmx?sf]
Psn cl3gfosTj sfod ug]{ 3f]/ k|ltqmflGtsf/L lgsf; tTsfnsf] Pp6f c;fWo} clk|o
t/ ;Defljt /fhg}lts lgsf; xf] . ut ;fnsf] s'Voft gf/f0flx6L sf08b]lv ;+s6sfn
3f]if0ff / zfxL ;]gf kl/rfng x'Fb} ;+;b lj36g, g]kfnL sf+u|];df km'6, ;jf]{Rr
cbfnt / lgjf{rg cfof]usf] sk6k"0f{ km};nf / c;f]h !* ut]sf] zfxL 3f]if0ff;Ddsf
l;nl;n]jf/ 36fqmdx?n] of] ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfjfbL k|ltudgs} k'i6L ub{5g\ . of]
k|ltqmflGtsf/L u'?of]hgfnfO{ vfzu/L rLgnfO{ 3]g]{ cfkm\gf] ;fdl/s :jfy{sf sf/0fn]
cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbL tyf ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbL zf;sju{n] k|ToIf / ck|ToIf ;xof]u
/ ;dy{g lb+b} cfPsf] s'/f klg lbgsf] 3fd hlQs} 5n{+u 5 . To;}n] c;f]h !* ut]sf]
k|ltudgsf/L zfxL sbd kl/l:ylthGo jf Ifl0fs jfWofTds sbd dfq xf] / sfnqmddf Tof]
k'/fg} oyfl:yltdf kms{g]5 eGg] sNkgf ug'{ 3f]/ c1fgtf, sfo/tf / d"v{tf
xf] . l9n} eP klg lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] of] ;a} 36gfqmdnfO{ {Uo|f08 l8hfOgÚ
eGg] cfF6 ug'{ ;fx;k"0f{ / ljNs'n ;xL s'/f xf], h;sf] ;a} k|hftGqjfbL zlQmx?n]
;/fxgf / ;dy{g ug}{k5{ . olb of] c;f]h !* ut]sf] zfxL sbdsf] ;a} k|hftGqjfbL
zlQmx?n] ;zQm k|lt/f]w gug]{ xf] eg] cfufdL lbgdf k|ltqmflGtsf/L u'?of]hgfsf
c? eo+s/ k|hftGqlj/f]wL / g/;+xf/sf/L sbdx? pb\3fl6t x'Fb} hfg]5g\ eGg]jf/]
s;}df slQ klg z+sf geP x'G5 . k/Gt' c;f]h !* ut]sf] zfxL sbdnfO{ tTsfn s'g}
pNn]Vo hg;dy{g k|fKt gePsf] / vfzu/L dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/L zlQmn] b[9tfk"j{s
k|lt/fw ug]{ tTk/tf b]vfPsf] sf/0fn] of] k|ltqmflGtsf/L u'?of]hgfk|lt cGt/f{li6"o
zlQmx?sf] ;dy{g s]xL dTy/ x'g k'u]sf] 5 / k|ltudgsf] l;nl;nfdf klg s]xL dGbtf
cPsf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf] lglDt, ef/tLo zf;sju{s]f lgs6:y dflgg] {6fOD; ckm Ol08ofÚ
sf] cS6f]a/ * , cS6f]j/ !( / cS6f]j/ @$ df g]kfnsf] jt{dfg 36gfqmdjf/] n]lvPsf
;DkfbsLox?df of] k|ltudgk|lt qmdzM ;dy{gsf] kf/f] 36\b} uPsf] b]lvg' / o; jLrdf
;+o'Qm /fi6" ;+3, o'/f]k]nL ;+3 nufotsf cGt/f{li6"o zlQms]Gb| / ;+:yfx?n]
{jftf{ Ú sf] k|;+unfO{ cgk]lIft 9+un] cl3 ;fg'{n] o;sf] oy]i7 ;+s]t ub{5
. km]l/ klg b]zeQm / k|hftGqjfbL g]kfnL hgtf / /fhg}lts zlQmx?sf] ;ts{tf / k|lt/f]wfTds
Ifdtfdf clnslt klg sdL cfof] eg] qmflGt / k|ltqmflGt jLr tTsfn sfod x'g k'u]sf]
;fdl/s ;Gt'ngsf] l:yltnfO{ b]zL tyf ljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbL zlQmx?n] k|ltqmflGtsf/L
lbzfdf ws]Ng] k|oTg ug]{5g\ eg]/ ;a}n] j'lem/fVg' cToGt h?/L 5 . lsgls k|ltlqmofjfbLx?
/0fg}lts lx;fan] sfuhL af3 eP klg sfo{gLlts lx;fan] ;fFRr}sf] lx+;|s af3 x'g
;S5g\ eGg] s'/f xd]zf Vofn /fVg' h?/L x'G5 . k/Gt' ljut ;ft aif{sf] qmflGtsf/L
hgo'4n] clwsf+z u|fdL0f e"efux?jf6 ;fdGtjfbsf] h/f] sfl6lbO;s]sf] / b]zdf
;fd|fHojfb tyf lj:tf/jfb lj/f]wL hgdt klxn] b]lv g} ;zQm ?kdf pkl:yt /x]sf]
l:yltdf ljb]zL ;}lgs x:tIf]k jf ;xof]usf] andf lg/+s'z /fhtGqjfbL k|ltqmflGtsf/L
lgsf; vf]Hg' / l6sfpg' Tolt ;xh rflx+ cjZo 5}g .
ca bf]>f] qmflGtsf/L lgsf;sf] s'/f u/f}+ . o'uf}+b]lvsf] cw{-;fdGtL / cw{-cf}klgj]l;s
h8tf, ultxLgtf / cNkljsf;sf] bnbnaf6 b]z / hgtfnfO{ k"0f{ ?kn] d'Qm u/]/
zflGt , k|ult / ljsf;sf] dfu{df cu|;/ u/fpg jx';+Vos >lds tyf b]zeQm hg;d'bfosf]
;+nUgtfdf gof" hgjfbL -jf k'"lhjfbL hgjfbL _ qmflGt ;DkGg ug'{ jt{dfg
ult/f]waf6 cu|ufdL qmflGtsf/L lgsf; xf] . g]kfnL Oltxf;sf] dxfg\ qmflGtsf/L
hgo'4sf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf xfdL dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/Lx?n] dfq xf]Og lj|6]gsf] /Iff
dGqfnosf] kl5Nnf] k|ltj]bg / y'k|} :jtGq ;+3;+:yf / JoflQmTjx? ;d]tn] :jLsfg{
yfn]sf] tYo s] xf] eg] ljBdfg /fli6"o tyf cGt/f{li6"o kl/l:ylt oyfjt\
/lx/x];Dd l56} g} g]= s= kf= -dfcf]jfbL _ sf] g]t[Tjdf gof" hgjfbL u0ftGq
:yfkgf x'g;Sg] k|jn ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . of] s;}sf] OR5f jf clgR5fsf] sf/0fn]
eGbf klg ;dfhdf ljBdfg cGt/lj/f]wx? / tLa| ultn] jblnbf] /fhg}lts zlQm ;Gt'ngsf]
l:yltn] k}bf u/]sf] j:t'ut ckl/xfo{tf xf] . s]xL ;do klxn];Dd To:tf] cfd"n
qmflGtsf/L kl/jt{gsf] ;Defjgf lglDt cGt/f{li6"o kl/l:ylt k|lts'n b]Vg]x?
klg tLj| ultn] jblnb} uPsf] cGt/f{li6"o cGt/lj/f]w / zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] l:yltn]
g]kfnL qmflGtnfO{ ;Dej jgfpg] / l6sfpg] lgis{ifdf k'Ug yfNg'n] To;sf] /fd|f]
;+s]t ub{5 . ( pbfx/0fsf] lglDt x]g'{xf];\ , Gary
Leupp , "Imagining the Gobal Consequences of a Maoist Victory in Nepal'',
cyf{t\ ,æg]kfndf dfcf]jfbL ljhosf] ljZjJofkL kl/0ffdnfO{ ljrf/ ubf{Æ,
Counter Punch, October 21
, 2002 ) vfzu/L k/Dk/fut ?kdf ;fdGtjfb / k5f}6]kgsf] s]Gb| /x]sf] clwsf+z
kxf8L u|fdL0f e"efux? GfofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf e/kbf{ cfwf/Onfsfx?df kl/0ft
e};s]sf] / b/jfl/of e/f}6] zfxL ;]gfnfO{ k/f:t ug{ ;Sg] lju|]8 :t/ ;Ddsf] hgd'ltm;]gf
lgdf{0f e};s]sf] l:yltdf pko'tm cj;/df b]zJofkL hgljb|f]x dfkm{t\ gofF hgjfbL
u0ftGq :yfkgf x'g ;Sg] alnof] j:t'ut cfwf/ tof/ e};s]sf] 5 . clnslt klg j}1flgs
9u+n] ;f]Rg] hf] ;'s}n] klg :jLsfg}{ kg{] s'/f s] xf] eg] cj /fhg}lts, cfly{s,
;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts ;j} If]qsf] k"0f{ hgjfbL ?kfGt/0f ljgf g]kfnL ;dfhsf]
qmlds ljsf; ;Dej} 5}g / Tof] eg]sf] gofF hgjfbL qmflGt l;jfo csf]{ s]xL x'g}
;Sb}g . To;}n] s]xL d'Le/ ;fdGt tyf bnfn tTjx?nfO{ hlt;'s} clk|o nfu] klg b]z
/ hgtfsf] tTsfnLg cfjZostf eg]sf] jt{dfg ult/f]wsf] ca:yfaf6 qmflGtsf/L cu|ufdL
lgsf; g} xf] . t}klg b]zsf] c;fWo} lk5l8Psf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] :t/, zxl/of dWodju{sf]
Pp6f tKsfdf cem};Dd sfod /x]sf] qmflGtsf/L kl/jt{gk|ltsf] eo / cfz+sf tyf b]zsf]
ljlzi7 e"-/fhg}lts cal:ylt ;d]tnfO{ Vofn /fVb} tTsfn cu|ufdL ;'wf/sf] j}slNks
af6f] b]vf k/];Dd t'?Gt} qmflGtsf/L kl/jt{sf] ljsNknfO{ hf]8 glbg] xfd|f] kf6L{s]f
gLlt /x]sf] 5 .
cGTodf t]>f] ;'wf/jfbL lgsf;sf] rrf{ u/f}+ . pk/f]Qm k|ltqmflGtsf/L / qmflGtsf/L
ljsNk jfx]s tTsfn ;Defjgf b]lvPsf] csf]{ jLrsf] af6f] eg]sf] b]zdf ;a} /fhg}lts
zlQmx?s]f ;femf ;xdltn] k'FhLjfbL u0ftGqnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg] cu|ufdL ;'wf/sf]
af6f] xf] . To;sf] lglDt ;a} ;+;bjfbL / u}/-;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts zlQmx?sf] uf]nd]r
;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg Go"gtd ;femf ;xdltsf j'Fbf
x'g ;S5g\ eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfUb5 . lsgls @))& ;fnb]lv clxn];Dd b]zsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf
s;sf] xftdf /xg] eGg] ljifodf af/Daf/ ljjfb /xFb} cfPsf] / To;sf] clGtd 6+'uf]
nufpg] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] k|Zg ;w} :ylut /xb} cfPsf]n] b]zdf k'F"lhjfbL k|hftGqn]
k"0f{tf k|fKt ug{ ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . To;}sf] kl/0ffd :j?k g} kl5Nnf]rf]l6
c;f]h !* ut]sf] k|ltudgsf/L zfxL ;Qf-ljKnj x'g k'u]sf] xf] eGg] klg ca ;j{;fwf/0fn]
j'em\g] u/L k|i6 e};s]sf] 5 . {;+ljwfg ;efÚ k'"FlhjfbL k|hftGqsf]
;jf]{Rr ?k ePsfn] ;+ljwfg ;ef dfkm{t\ jt{dfg ;Qf jfF8kmfF8 ;DaGwL ljjfbsf] 6'+uf]
nufpg cfkm'nfO{ k|hftGqjfbL eGg] sf]xL klg lxlRsrfpg' kg]{ s'g} sf/0f 5}g\ .
g]kfnsf] ljlzi7 ;Gbe{df t emg\ klxnf]rf]l6 @))& ;fndf /fhf lqe'jgn] g} ;+ljwfg
;efsf] lgjf{rg u/fpg] 3f]if0ff u/]sfn] /fhf / /fhtGqjfbLx? ;d]t ;+ljwfg ;efaf6
t;{g' kg]{ s'g} sf/0f 5}g . of] l:yltdf /fhtGqjfbL , ;+;bjfbL / gofF hgjfbL
tLg} yl/ /fh}]lts zlQmx?sf] tTsfnLg Go"gtd ;femf lgsf;sf] af6f] {;+ljwfg
;efÚ x'g ;S5 eGg] :jtM :ki6 5 . b]zdf u[xo'4 a9L rs]{/ ljb]zL zlQmx?n]
rnv]n ug]{ l:ylt gjgf];\ / zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfn] pko'Qm /fhg}lts lgsf; lgl:sof];\
eGg] lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ efjgfn] k|]l/t eP/ g} xfd|f] kf6L{n] hgtfsf] Toqf]
Tofu / jlnbfgsf] jfjh'b jftf{ / ;+Djfbsf] dfWodaf6 ;d:ofsf] xn vf]Hg] / To;sf]
lglDt gofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf] sfo{qmdnfO{ tTsfn yftL /fv]/ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] k'FlhjfbL
k|hftflGqs sfo{qmddf cf]n{g] tTk/tf b]vfPsf] xf] . lj8Dagfsf] s'/f s] eg] xfdL
qmflGtsf/L kl/jt{gsf kIfkftLx? olt nlrnf] 9+un] k|:t't x'Fbf klg cfkm'nfO{ k'FlhjfbL
k|hftGq jf jx'bnLo hgjfbsf kIfw/ eGg] zlQmx? ;+ljwfg ;efsf] Go"gtd dfunfO{
;d]t cfTd;ft ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ / pN6} {;+ljwfg ;efÚ nfO{ {dfcf]jfbLÚ
/ {pu|jfbLÚ dfu eGb} lt/:sf/ ug]{ w[i6tf ul//x]5g\ . oxfFg]/ ;a}nfO{
s] k|i6 xf]cf];\ eg] {;+ljwfg ;efÚ sf] dfu jf gf/f gofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf]
dfu jf gf/f xf]Og / gofF hgjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg x'g] l:yltdf ToxfF s'g} j'h'{jf
k|hftflGqs vfnsf] {;+ljwfg ;efÚ sf] r'gfj xf]Og juL{o , hftLo, If]qLo,
ln+uLo k|ltlglwTj x'g] {hgk|ltlglw ;efÚ sf] r'gfj x'g]5, h;n] hg;+ljwfg
lgdf{0f u/]/ hf/L ug]{5 . k]l/; sDo"g / ?;L ;f]leot b]lvsf] ljZj qmflGtsf]
Oltxf;sf] clnslt klg 1fg x'g] ;a}nfO{ yfxf x'g'k5{ ls gofF hgjfbL jf ;dfhjfbL
qmflGt kl5 slx+ klg {;+ljwfg ;efÚsf] r'gfj x'g] u/]sf] 5}g / cS6f]j/
qmflGtsf] nuQ} kl5 u7g ePsf] ;+ljwfg ;efnfO{ ;f]leot ;Qfn] jnk"j{s e+u
ul/lbPsf] lyof] . lsgls {c;dfgÚ x? jLr {;dfgÚ k|lt:kwf{ u/fpg]
j'h'{jf k|hftGq / {c;dfgÚx? JfLr {c;dfg Ú g} k|lt:kwf{ jf {;dfgÚx?
JfLr dfq {;dfgÚ k|lt:kw{f u/fpg] ;j{xf/fjfbL k|hftGqdf u'0ffTds leGgtf
x'G5 . To;}n] {c;dfgÚ x? aLr {;dfgÚ k|lt:kwf{ u/fP/ lgdf{0f x'g]
j'h'{jf ;+ljwfg ;ef {dfcf]jfbLÚ dfu jf gf/f xf] eGg] e|ddf sf]xL klg
g/xbf x'G5 . t}klg g]kfnL ;dfh ljsf;sf] jt{dfg ljlzi7 r/0fdf xfdLn] OdfGbfl/tfk"j{s
{;+ljwfg ;efÚ nfO{ ;a} kIfsf] Go"gtd ;femf sfo{s|dsf] ?kdf :jLsfg]{
k|ltj4tf hgfPsf 5f}+ , lsgls clxn]sf] ljlzi7 l:yltdf To;/L dfq} j'h'{jf k|hftGqnfO{
k"0f{tf lbg ;lsG5 / j'h'{jf k|hftGqnfO{ k"0f{tf lbP/ g} gofF hgjfb
/ ;dfhjfbsf] af6f]df cl3 a9\g ;lsG5 eGg] xfd|f] 7x/ /x]sf] 5 . s]xL ;do otf
@)$& sf] ;+ljwfgsf lgdf{tf dWo]sf ljZjgfy pkfWofo , bdggfy 9'+ufgf cflb
/ g/xl/ cfrfo{ nufotsf sf+u|];L g]tf tyf j'l4hLjLx?n] {;+ljwfg;efÚ sf]
kIfdf h'g dt k|s6 ul//x]sf 5g\ Tof] w]/} ;sf/fTds 5 / of] k|lqmof cl3 a9\b}
uPdf b]zdf cu|ufdL ;'wf/fTds /fhg}lts lgsf; lg:sg ;S5 eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfUb5 .
:d/0f /xf];\ , of] t]>f] cu|ufdL ;'wf/fTds lgsf;sf] af6f] vf]Hg] uDeL/ k|oTg
vfzu/L ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts zlQmx?Aff6 ePg eg] k|ltqmflGtsf/L / qmflGtsf/L af6f]sf]
lg0ff{os eL8Gt cjZoDefjL 5 . hlt;'s} si6bfos eP klg cGTodf qmflGtn] k|ltqmflGtnfO{
k/f:t ug'{ Oltxf;sf] lgod xf] eGg] klg ;a}n] ;lDem/fVg' pko'Qm x'g]5 .
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