rf}tf/L
clen]vfno
;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj x'g'k5{
uf]ljGb lu/L
cS6'a/ #), @))@
Oltxf; kN6fP/ x]g]{ xf] eg] g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts lIflthdf cfh;Dd cl:y/tf l;jfo
s]xL b]lvPg . g]kfndf hlt;'s} /fhg}lts kl/jt{gx? eP klg jf:tljs g]kfnL hgtfn]
slxNo} klg To;af6 ;'vsf] cg'ej ug{ kfPgg\ .
jf:tjdf g]kfndf x'g] u/]sf] /fhg}lts kl/jt{g /fHo ;Qf Ps /fhfaf6 csf]{ /fhfdf
x:tfGt/0f x'g' l;jfo s]xL ePg . cyf{t\ >L # af6 >L % df / >L % af6
>L ^ df ;Qf x:tfGt/0f eO g} /Xof] t/ slxNo} klg >L ! df ePg . >L #
n] t u'd]sf] d'n's kmsf{Psf lyP, b]zdf cg]sf}+ ljzfn ejg, d+lb/, kf6L, kf}jf
agfPsf lyP . cem} klg /fHon] >L # n] cfh]{sf] ;DklQdf v'6\6f xNnfP/ pkef]u
ul//x]sf] 5 . To:t} >L % n] c? s]xL glbP klg g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ zflGt / ;'/Iff
lbPsf lyP . t/ >L ^ t slno'usf] s'nª\uf/ /x]5 h;n] gofF ;+/rgfsf t s'/}
5f8f}+ b]zsf] ljBdfg ;+/rgf g} eTsfOlbof] . cfh b]z cfly{s, ;fdflhs / /fhg}lts
;a} If]qaf6 ljb'jf eP/ /f]O/x]sf] 5 .
of] ltg} zf;gsfnaf6 zflzt dflg;x? cem} hLljt 5g\ / pgLx? cfkm\gf] hLjgsf]
:d/0fLo If0f atfpFbf >L # sf] zf;gsfn g} /f]Hb5g\ . lsg < of] 5'6\6} ljZn]if0fsf]
ljifo xf] .
cfh;Dd g]kfndf hlt;'s} /fhg}lts kl/jt{g eP klg To;sf] k|ltkmn hgtfdf k'u]g .
o;sf] d'Vo sf/s tTj g} ;+ljwfg xf] . ;+ljwfgnfO{ slxn] >L # n] tfg] slxn]
>L % n] cgL slxn] >L ^ n] . ca clxn] cfP/ slxn] kf;f >L % sf] x'G5
t slxn] >L ^ sf] . hgtfn] slxNo} kf;f b]v]gg\ / v]n]sf klg 5}|gg\ . d]/f
ufpFsf tL afh] ;o jif{ cufl8 & lbg nufP/ zx/ g'g lng hfGy] /], clxn] pgsf]
kgftL klg & lbgs} af6fdf g'g lng hfFb}5 . ;fOFnf kl08t ;o jif{ cufl8 6'sL
afn]/ /fdfo0f k9\y] /], clxn] pgsf] kgftL 6'sL afn]/} s, v l;Sb}5 . au}+rfsf]
7"nL tLg 306f 6f8f kfgL lng hflGyg /], cfh pgsL gfltgL a'xf/L ce}m tLg
306f k/ kfgL lng hflG5g\ . of] ;o jif{df d]/f] ufpF hlx+sf] ToxL+ 5 .
cfh b]zdf cfOk/]sf] ;+s6sf] d"n h8 / g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;d'Ggt ljsfsf] jfws
tTj g} xfn;Ddsf ;+ljwfg x'g\ . o; cy{df @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg klg k"0f{
5}g . o;n] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;Dk"0f{ hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfnfO{ ;d]6]sf] 5}g
. of] lqkIfLo ;Demf}tfaf6 cfPsf] ;+ljwfg xf] ax'kIfLo xf]Og . o;n] c? kIfsf]
cnjf @$ nfv g]kfnL dtsf] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf] 5}g, h;n] k~rfotnfO{ hgdt lbPsf lyP
. cfhsf] ;+s6 eg]sf] of] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ubf{ cfj]zdf cfP/ >L % sf] ;+j}wflgs
clwsf/ vf]:g >L ^ k6'sf s;]/ nfUg'sf] kl/0ff xf] . dxfef/t o'4sf] rqmJo"df
k:g ue{af6 hfg]sf t/ lgl:sg ghfGg] cledGo" h:t}, x'n a6'n]/ ;8s pkmfg{
/ 3/ tf]8kmf]8 ug{ ue}{af6 hfg]sf t/ ;fdfGo 3/ rnfpg ;d]t cg'ej gePsf >L
^ n] vf]l;Psf] ;+j}wflgs clwsf/ a]9+ªl;t b'?kof]u ubf{sf] glthf xf] cfhsf]
;+s6 .
Pp6} JolQmnfO{ c;Lldt ;+j}wflgs clwsf/ lbOof] eg] w]/} clk|o 36gf 36\g ;S5g\
/ b]zdf slxNo} klg zflGt / :yfloTj x'Fb}g eGg] s'/f g]kfns} Oltxfsf w]/} pbfx/0fx?n]
k|i6 kf/]sf] 5 .
@)!& ;fn, @)$^ ;fn / @)%* ;fnsf 36\gfx? o;sf tfhf pbfx/0fx? x'g\ . @)!&
;fnsf] zfxL 3f]if0ff hgdt lj?4 lyof] . zfxL 3f]if0ffn] hgtfsf] dtsf] sb/ u/]g
. To:t} @)$^ ;fnsf] zfxL 3f]if0ff klg hgtdt lj?4 lyof] . @$ nfv g]kfnL hgtfn]
hgdt ;+u|x4f/f cg'df]bg u/]sf] k~rfot Joj:yf zfxL 3f]if0ffaf6 lgnDjg ubf{ ToxfF
klg hgdtsf] sb/ ul/Pg . k|hftGq / ax'dtdf ljZjf; ug]{x?n] of] s6' ;TonfO{ klg
gsf{g x'Fb}g . gofF ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0fkl5, ljut !@ jif{df k|hftGqsf ;j{zlQmdfg
k|wfgdGqLn] af/Daf/ hgtfsf] ;+;b e+u ubf{, hgtfsf clwsf/ lgnDjg ubf{ ToxfF klg
hgdtsf] sb/ ul/Pg . o;/L PSnf] JolQmdf c;Lldt ;+j}wflgs clwsf/ x'Fbf, JolQm
lg/+s'z / clwgfos aG5 eGg] s'/f k|dfl0ft eO;s]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf xfn;Dd 36]sf /fhg}lts 36gfk|lt clxn];Dd ax';+Vos g]kfnL r'k 5g\ . @)!&
;fnsf] 36gfdf klg ax';+Vos g]kfnL r'k lyP . @)$^ ;fnsf] 36gfdf klg r'k lyP .
k|wfgdGqLn] k6s k6s ;+;b e+u u/]/ u/Lj /fi6"dfly lgjf{rgsf] af]em
y'kfbf{ klg hgtf r'k lyP . dfcf]jfbLn] b]ze/ cft+s km}nfP/ xTof / n'6kf6 ubf{
klg hgtf r'k 5g\ . >L % n] >L ^ nfO{ ;QfRo"t ubf{ klg hgtf r'k lyP
. clxn] >L $ n] l;+xb/jf/df cf;gu|x0f ubf{ klg hgtf r'k 5g\ . tL yf]/} r'k
5}gg\ h;n] ;Qf u'dfPsf 5g\ . tL yf]/} v'zL 5g\ h;n] ;Qf kfPsf 5g\ . hgtf r'k
g} 5g\ / 6'n'6'n' x]l//x]sf 5g\ . crDdsf] s'/f t s] 5 eg] @)$^ ;fndf bz kGw|
xhf/ dflg;x?n] ;8s ysf{pFbf / &! Hfgf dflg; dfl/bf -To;df sf]xL klg /fhg}lts
sfo{stf{ k/]sf lyPgg\ _ @)$^ ;fnsf] kl/jt{g cfpg] b]zdf, cfh lg/Gt/ ^ jif{b]lv
/fHo u[xo'4df km;s]sf] 5, xhf/f}+ dflg;x? dfl/bf, xhf/f}+ dlxnfx?sf] l;+b'/
k'l5+bf ;of}+ jfnaflnsf 6'x'/f x'Fbf klg s'g} kl/jt{g x'g g;Sg] < g]tfx?
;+ljwfg afx]ssf cGo a'Fbfx?df jftf{ x'g ;Sg] elg/x]sf 5g\ . s] jt{dfg ;+ljwfg
zfZjt ;To xf] < g]kfnn] ;bfsf nflu zlQm / :yfoLTj vf]Hg] xf] eg] ;+ljwfg;efsf]
r'gfj x'g'k5{ .
ca aGg] ;+ljwfgdf cGo s'/fsf cltl/QmM
-!_ /fhf /fi6" k|d'v, ;+/Ifs / Pstfsf] k|tLssf ?kdf x'g'k5{ .
-@_ Ps JolQm b'O{ k6s eGbf k|wfgdGqL x'g'x'Fb}g .
-#_ k|wfgdGqL ;+;baf6 lgjf{lrt JolQm x'g'k5{ / dlGqd08n ;+;baf6 geO{ ;a} If]qsf]
k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ;+;b aflx/af6 agfOg'k5{ .
-$_ Joj:yflksfsf nflu hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt JolQmx? Joj:yflksfs} k|of]hgsf nflu x'g'k5{
. sfo{kflnsfsf] clwsf/ lbOg' x'Fb}g .
-%_ ;+;b eª\u ug]{ clwsf/ g t /fhf g t k|wfgdGqL s;}nfO{ klg x'g'x'Fb}g
.
/fhg]tf lgsDjf Toltv]/ x'G5 ha To;n] ;fdfGo gful/ssf] ;f]reGbf 3l6of ;f]r /fv]/
/fhgLlt u5{ . l5gl5gdf cfkm\gf jf0fL kl/jt{g ul//xG5 / cfkm\gf] 5fFof afx]s
s]xL klg b]Vb}g . clxn] b]zsf] kl/l:ylt g t @))& ;fnsf] h:tf] 5 gt @)$^
;fnsf] h:tf] . b]z of] Oltxf;sf 36gfqmd eGbf ljns'n bf];|f] df]8df uO;s]sf]
5 . ;fgf] b]zsf] ;fgf] /fhgLlt klg a'em\g g;Sg] g]tfx?n] /fhgLlt ug{ 5f8] x'G5
. /fhgLlt ug'{ eg]sf] lgdf{0f ug'{ xf] ljWj+; x}g . ca k|hftGq / b/jf/nfO{ 9fn
agfP/ /fhgLlt ug'{ eg]sf] Ifl0fs hgtf em'Sofpg' dfq xf] . g t k|hftGq / b/jf/sf]
lj/f]wsf] /fhgLlt g} l6S5 . xfnsf] >L % sf] sbdnfO{ s'g} klg /fhg}lts r:df
gnufO{ ljz'4 cfFvfn] x]g]{ xf] eg] of] eGbf csf]{ ljsNk lyPg . h;n] h:tf;'s}
JofVof u/] klg ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !@& k|of]u x'Fbf ;+ljwfg cf+zLs ?kn] dfq
ar]sf] 5 . ca ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug'{ l;jfo csf]{ ljsNk 5}g .
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