rf}tf/L
clen]vfno
g]tfx? lsg lbNnL wfpF5g\ <
sdnf ;?k
hgj/L %, @))#
e/v/}dfq} g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf lbNnL e|d0f ;s]/ kms]{sf]
nuQ} sf7df8f}+ k'Ugf;fy pxfFsf] /fhgLlts af]nLdf /ftf/ft kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 .
5fkfx?df pxfF lgSs} g} cfqmd0fz}nLdf ;a}nfO{ vj/bf/L ug]{ efif0f ug{df Jo:t
b]lvg'ePsf] 5 . b]zdf s'g} klg vfnsf /fhgLlts ljsf;qmd, ;'wf/ of kl/jt{gsf s'/fx?
x'g] ;+s]t b]lvgf;fy x'g] g]kfnsf g]tfx?sf] lbNnL e|d0f ;+sf:kb /x]sf] s'/fdf
ca b'O{dt 5}g . lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf Ps pbfx/0f dfq} x'g\ . g]kfnL sf+u|];,
Pdfn], ;b\efjgf, nufotsf g]kfnsf ;fgf 7"nf kf6L{sf g]tfx?sf] x/]s k6ssf]
lbNnL e|d0fn] g]kfndf s'g} /fhgLlts cfly{s / l4klIfo ljsf;sf nflu 7f]; kl/jt{g
Nofpg]df eGbf b]zleq ;Qf kl/jt{gsf 8/nfUbf v]nx?df g} 6'+luPsf] clxn];Ddsf]
Oltxf;n] b]vfPsf] 5 .
dfwjs'df/ g]kfnb]lv z]/axfb'/ b]pjf, lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfb]lv z}nhf cfrfo{;Dd
;a} vfnsf g]tfx? cflv/ lbNnL lsg k'U5g\ < of] k|Zgsf] hjfkm g]kfnLx?n] vf]Hg]
a]nf cfPsf] 5 . Psflt/ hgo'4sf] gfddf g]kfnsf] cfly{s ;fdflhs / /fhgLlts ;+/rgfnfO{
Wj:t agfP/ lbNnLdf /dfpg] dfcf]jfbLsf s]Gb|Lob]lv lhNnf:t/sf g]tfx? / csf]{lt/
g]kfnsf] k|hftGqsf] 7]Ssf lnPsf k|hftGqjfbL g]tfx?sf] lbNnLk|ltsf] df]x ;Qf
xTofpgsf nflu / g]kfn sdhf]/ agfpg] if8oGqsf] ?kdf dfq} l;4 ePsf] 5 . x'g t
dfcf]jfbLsf g]tfx?n] lbNnLdf kfPsf] ;+/If0f / ToxfFsf cGo cft+sjfbL ;d"xx?;Fusf]
pgLx?sf] ;fF7ufF7nfO{ d"Nofª\sg ubf{ u0ftGqsf gfddf dfcf]jfbLn] g]kfnL
hgtfx?dfem e|dsf] v]tL u/]sf]df s'g} z+sf 5}g . cfkm\g} lbbLefO dfg]{, ljsf;sf
k"jf{wf/x?dfly nuftf/ ?kdf cfqmd0f ug]{ cgL /fli6otfsf n]v, jStJo / efif0f
ug]{ dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ g]kfnLx?n] alx:sf/ ug'{k5{ . csf{lt/ ;+;bLo k|hftGqsf]
d"No / dfGotf lj?4 /fli6otf, cv08tf / :jtGqtfsf] s'g} Vofn} gu/L cfkm\gf]
bnsf] ;/sf/ hf]ufpg of agfpgsf nflu ljb]zLsf] z/0f kg]{ slyt k|hftGqjfbL g]tfx?af6
g]kfnsf] d'lQmsf] abnfdf ljgf; / k/d'vL x'g' :ki6 ePsf] s'/fdf klg ca g]kfnLx?
rgfvf] x'g'k5{ .
g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts ;dLs/0fdf cfpg] x/]s ljrng / cl:y/tfnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{fsf nflu
cfkm\g} b]zleqsf /fhgLlts bnx?n] :j:Yo k|lt:kwf{sf cfwf/df k|hftflGqs 9+un]
cufl8 a9\g'k5{ eGg] dfGotfnfO{ g]kfnL hgtfx?n] a'em]sf eP klg /fhgLlts bnsf
;fgf 7"nf ;a} g]tfx? lbNnLs} z/0fdf k6s k6s k'Ug'nfO{ xfdL :jfledfgL g]kfnLx?n]
ca klg alx:s[t gu/]sf] v08df cfkm\gf] v'§fdf cfkm}+n] aGr/f] xfg] hlts}
x'g] lglZrt 5 .
Psflt/ ;+;lbo Joj:yf leqsf hgtfsf cfwf/e"t cfjZostf s'/fx? 7"n7"nf
b:tfj]hx?, ljifox? / sfg'gx?df g} s}b ePsf] cj:yfdf g]kfnn] ef]lu/x]sf] jt{dfg
cj:yf 5 eg] csf]{lt/ ljsf; jh]6 nlIft ;d"xdf k'Ug] sfo{qmdx? klg k|f/lDes
cj:yfdf g} cndlnPsf] 5 . x'g t g]kfndf ul/jL lgjf/0f lzIff tyf :jf:Yo ljsf;sf
;a} sfo{qmdx? sf7df8f}s/0f ePkl5 u|fld0f If]qsf lgd'vf hgtfx?sf] bf?l0fs cj:yf
emg\ lau|b} uPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . csf]{lt/ slyt dfcf]jfbLsf] df/df k/]/ 3/af/ 5fl8
;'/lIft :yfgsf] vf]lhdf ef}+tfl/g] b'MvnfUbf] cj:yfaf6 klg g]kfnLx? u'lh|/x]sf
5g\ . b]z / hgtfsf ;d:ofx?nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{sfnflu s'g dfvf] dfg{ ;Dd g;s]sf g]kfnsf
dfcf]jfb nufotsf bnx?n] cj lbNnLdf z/0f lng guP/ g]kfnsf eL/ kfvf / ufpF ufpF;Dd
k|hftGqsf] ljsf;,:jf:Yo / lzIffsf] lj:tf/ sfo{df Psh'6 x'g l9nf] ug'{ x'Fb}g
eGg] s'/fnfO{ j'em\g' kb{5 .
;+;bb]lv ;bg;Dd ;8s ttfpgd} Jo:t /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?n] gful/s ;dfhnfO{ k|i6
a'emfpg ;Sg' kb{5 . dxfsfnL ;GwL nufot ljb]zL nufgLstf{x?sf] cle?lr tyf g]kfnn]
j}slNks kf/jfxg dfu{x? kfpg] h:tf s'/fx?df ef/t;+u ax; z'? ug]{ ls cem klg g]kfnsf]
cv08tf / g]kfnLx?sf] :jfledfgnfO{ bfpdf nufP/ af/Daf/ ;/sf/ lu/fpg] / agfpg]
v]n v]ln v]n]/ ljb]zLsf ;fd' xft km}nfP/ cfkm\gf] bf;Tjsf] lrgf/L b]vfpg] <
clxn]sf] d'ne"t k|Zg klg olx ePsf] 5 . oL ljleGg vfn] bnx?n] hgtf sfnflu
P]Soj4 eP/ lx+;faf6 d'Qm, cg';flzt / sfg'gL zf;gsf] dfWodaf6 k|hftflGqs l;2fGtnfO{
ckgfpFb} Pstf sfod ug{ c;Ifdtf b]vfO/x]sf 5g\ t < x'gt g]kfnLx?n] g]kfnsf]
k|hftlGqs cfGbf]ngx?df ef/tLo g]tfx?sf] of]ubfg / ef/tLo :jtGqtf ;+u|fddf g]kfnsf
g]tfx?sf] of]ubfgnfO{ Oltxf;sf] Ps s8Lsf] ?kdf :jLsf/]sf klg 5g\ . /fhgLlts
ljZn]ifsx?n] klg clxn];Dd /fVb} cfPsf] Pp6} dfGotf s] klg xf] eg] b'j} d'n's
aLrsf] cfk;L ;dembf/L zflGtk"0f{ ;x-cl:tTj / c;+nUgtfsf] l;4fGtnfO{ lnb}
cem a9L v'Nnf cfly{s gLltsf cfwf/df d'n'ssf] ;d[l4 / ;'b[0ftflt/ hfg'kb{5 eGg]
g} xf] .
x'gt g]kfn ef/t aLrsf] ;DaGw ;g\ !*%& b]lv g} /xb} cfPsf] eP klg ;g\ !(%)
df ePsf] ;GwLkl5 eg] ;DaGwn] gofF ?k lnPsf] lyof] . /fhf jL/]Gb|n] 3f]if0ff
u/]sf] zflGt If]qsf] k|:tfjnfO{ ef/t afx]s cGo ;a} d'n'sx?n] ;dy{g ug]sf] s'/f
klg g]kfnLx?sf nflu gofF 5}g . To;f] t e/v/} dfq ef/tLo /fhb"t Zofd z/0fn]
g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s ;'/Iff ljsf; / b'j} d'n'ssf] ;DaGw dha't agfpg ;a} vfnsf sfdx?
ug{ Eff/t kl5 gkg]{ hf]8 lbPsf] nuQ} a]lNhodaf6 cfpg nfu]sf xftxltof/x? ef/tn]
g} af6f] glbPsf] oyfy{tf klg g]kfnLx?n] /fd|f];+u a'em]sf 5g\ .
Psflt/ dfcf]jfbnfO{ x]g]{ ef/tsf] b[li6sf]0f / g]kfnk|ltsf] ef/tsf] b[li6sf]0fnfO{
g]kfnsf] gful/s ;dfhn] ax;sf;fy cufl8 a9fpg' k5{ eGg] dfGotfnfO{ hf]8 lbg' cfjZos
e};s]sf] 5 . csf{lt/ b]zsf] cl:dtfnfO{ s'Nrb} ljb]zLsf] z/0fdf k'Ug] s'g} klg
jfbsf g]tfx?nfO{ g]kfnL /fhgLltaf6 g} alx:sf/ ug{ ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx? Psj4
x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 . dfcf]jfb, sf+u|];jfb, /fhfjfb sDo'lgi6jfb jf Pdfn]jfb s'g}
klg g]tfx? olb g]kfnLx?sf] OHhtnfO{ ljb]zL;fd' 3'F8f 6]s]/ ;f/f g]kfnLx?sf]
cl:tTjdfly g} k|Zg p7fpg] 9Ëaf6 cufl8 a9\5g\ eg] tL bf]wf/] rl/q ePsf g]tfx?af6
:j:Yo / :jtGq g]kfnsf] sNkgf ug{ g;lsg] oyfy{tfnfO{ dgg ug'{klg TolQ g} cfjZos
5 . dfcf]jfb / ;/sf/ b'j}kIfnfO{ ;xof]u ug{ kl5 gk/]sf] ef/tn] cfkm\gf] :k:6
b[li6sf]0f /fVg'kb{5 eGg] bjfj ca gful/s ;dfhn] lbg' kb{5 .
ljb]zL e"dLdf cfkm\gf n7}tx?sf ;fy ljb]z k/:t dfcf]jfbL x'g of ;/sf/ agfOb]cf]
of eTsfOb]cf] eg]/ k|hftGqsf gfddf bnfnL ug]{ cGo ;a} bnx? x'g\ pgLx?sf] alx:sf/
ub}{ :j:Yo k|hftflGqs clg ;'Gb/ g]kfn arfpg Psj4 eP/ ljb]zLsf bnfnx?nfO{ b]zaf6
geufP;Dd xfdL g]kfnLx? :jfledfgsf;fy afFRg ;Sb}gf}+ . ax'blno Joj:yfsf] k|fb'ef{a;Fu}
a9]sf] g]kfnL g]tfx?sf] lbNnL e|d0f / dfcf]jfbn] lbNnLdf a;]/ g]kfn cfqmd0f
u/]sf] kfv08Lk"0f{ sfo{n] g]kfnsf] cjgtL dfq ePsf] jf:tljstfnfO{ caklg
uDeL/ eP/ g;f]Rg] xf] eg] g]kfn Psfb]zsf] l;lSsd x'g ;Sg] vt/fnfO{{ g]kfnsf]
dfof ug]{ xfdL ;a}n] ;f]Rg} kb{5 .
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