rf}tf/L
clen]vfno
dfcf]jfbLx?n] jftf{df kms{g} k5{
sdnf ;?k, h'nfO{ @%, @))@
g]kfnnfO{ lj:tf/} ?jf08f, o'uf08f / ckmuflg:tfg agfpg] rfn rfn]sf dfcf]jfbLx?n]
h;/L g/;+xf/sf] ;[8)\vnfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf 5g\ To;nfO{ /f]Sgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n]
Jofks cfly{s ljsf;sf s'/fx?df cfkm\gf] /fhgLlts n8fOF z'? ug'{k5{ . /fhgLlts
/ cfly{s cl:y/tfn] cft+sjfbnfO{ k|>o lbG5 eGg] s'/fdf ;a}n] af/Daf/ ;xdt
k|s6 ul//x]sf a]nf g]kfndf zflGt :yfkgfsf nflu cfly{s clgoldttf /f]lsg l9nf]
ug'{ x'Fb}]g . oxfF dxTjk"0f{ s'/f s] 5 eg] k|hftGq h:tf] ld7f] zAbx?sf]
sfo{Gjog eg]sf] g} xfd|f] nfvf} g]kfnLx?sf] /f]huf/L / cfly{s j[l4sf s'/fx?df
;/sf/sf] bIf sfo{z}nLsf] k|ToIf k|efj hgtfx?n] dxz'; ug'{ klg xf] . of] s'/f
b]z rnfpg] g]tfx?n] lj;{g x'Fb}g . xfdL ;Dk"0f+{ g]kfnLx?sf] afFRg] clwsf/sf]
/Iff / zflGtk|ltsf] pRr cf+sfIffnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] ;Ddfg gu/]sf] v08df Pslbg pgLx?sf]
tLj| ktgsf] lhDd]jf/ dfcf]jfbLsf s]Gb|Lo txsf g]tfx? g} x'g]5g\ / of] g]kfnL
Oltxf;df n]lvg] 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] a'em\g} k5{ / cfkm\gf] lx+;fTds ultljlwnfO{
k"0f{tM aGb ug'{k5{ eGg] s'/fnfO{ pgLx?n] :jLsf/]/ jftf{df kmls{g} k5{
.
k]?df ;fOlg8)kfysf] lx+;|s cft+sjfb lj?4 n8f}+ eGg] efjgfsf ;fy clxn] h;/L k]?leogx?
zflGtsf nflu Psa4 eP/ cfjfh p7fO/x]sf 5g\ / g]kfnn] To;df xf]:6]df x}+;] u/]sf]
5 Tof] k|z+;gLo 5 .
k]?df ;fOlg8)kfyn] k}tL; xhf/ dflg;x? df/]/ k]?sf] h;/L ktg eof] Tof] 36gfaf6
g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLx?n] s] ;fFRr}sf] kf7 l;s]sf 5g t eGg] s'/f klg clxn] dxTjsf]
ljifo ePsf] 5 . k]?df ;fOlg8)kfy / sDaf]l8ofdf kf]nkf]6sf] ;fDojfbL dfcf]jfbsf]
k"0f{t ;dflKtn] ljZjdf Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ pbfx/0f s] lbof] eg] cft+sjfb
lj?4 dfgj hfltn] ljho xfl;n ug{sf nflu s'g} klg e]befj ul/g] dfgj xTofnfO{ /fhgLlts
n8fOF dfGg ;lsb}g . dflg;x?nfO{ clt g} qm'/ 9+un] dfg]{ ;+u7gaf6 hgtfx?n] zflGt,
k|]d, eft[Tj ljsf; / cj;/x? kfpg ;Sb}gg\ . Tof] ;+u7gn] dfgj lagf; u5{ / To;sf]
pbfx/0f o:tf ;+u7gx?n] b]z sAhf u/]/ zf;g rnfPsf t/ k"0f{tM c;kmn ePsf
b]zx?sf pbfx/0fn] k|i6 kf5{ . ljs]Gb|Ls/0faf6 g} b]z ljsf; x'G5 eGg] s'/f :6flngsf]
;g\ !(%# df d[To ePkl5 csf{ g]tf v|':r]en] ;d]t a'em]sf lyP eg] g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLx?n]
a'em\g] ls ga'em\g] < t/ obL ;fFRr} g} dfcf]jfbLx?n] xft xltof/ lj;fP/ zflGtjftf{df
cu|ufdL e"ldsf v]Nb} cufl8 cfpg rfxG5g\ eg] ;/sf/n] klg zflGt jftf{sf nflu
9f]sf v'Nnf ug'{k5{ .
g]kfndf cft+sjfbn] h/f uf8\g'sf] k5fl8 csf]{ sf/0fdf k|hftGqsf] ljs]Gb|Ls/0f
/ u|fdL0f hgtfx?;Dd k|hftGq gk'Ug' klg xf] t/ h'g cJojl:yt kf6L{ut /fhgLltn]
g]kfnnfO{ ;+s6df kf/]sf] 5 To;sf] pQ/ dfcf]jfbLx?sf] lx+;f / c/fhstfn] lbg ;Sb}g
. ljZjsf] zflGtlk|o b]z g]kfndf lx+;fn] h'g ljs/fn cj:yf NofPsf] 5 To;n] g]kfnsf]
;fj{ef}ldstfdfly g} cfFr k'/\ofPsf] 5 . cft+sjfb lgoGq0f ug{ ei6|rf/d'Qm, cg'zfl;t
/ hgtfsf] sfg'gL ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] dha'tLn] klg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng
;S5 . t;y{ g]kfndf zflGt Nofpgsf nflu dfcf]jfbLn] ;Q/Lsf] bzssf] dfcf]jfb NofpF5'
eg]/ cl8\8 s;]/ cfkm\gf] ktg lgDtfpg] ls hgtfsf] ljsf;sf nflu xftxltof/ kmfn]/
zflGtjftf{df kms{g] < s]Gb|Lo ;d"xn] u+eL/?kdf g;f]Rg] xf] eg] To;sf]
lhDd]jf/L klg dfcf]jfbL g} x'g'k5{ . d'n'sdf cft+sjfbsf] ;dflKtsf nflu cj}w
xft xltof/sf] k"0f{tM laqmL ljt/0f aGb ug{sf nflu sfg'gL Joj:yfsf] sfo{Gjog
sltsf] k|efjsf/L 9+un] ePsf] 5 eGg] s'/fn] klg k|i6 kf5{ . ljz]if u/]/ l;dfgfdf
x'g] cj}w xft xltof/ laqmL ljt/0f aGb ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] v'Nnf l;dfgf
aGb ug'{k5{ .
Pp6f 8/nfUbf] ;To s] 5 eg] ;g\ @))@ df dfq} ^ ;oj6f cj}w xft xltof/sf ;fgf 3/]n'
pBf]ux? %) j6f eGbf a9L d'n'sx?df lqmofzLn /x]sf] tYo aflx/ cfPsf] 5 eg] To;df
@^ j6f ul/j b]zsf ljsfzf]Gd'v d'n'sx?n] ;fgf ltgf xft xltof/x? pTkfbg ug]{ tYo
;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 h'g s'/fn] s] b]vfpF5 eg] dfcf]jfbL ;+u7gn] xft xltof/ ;lhn}
vl/b ug{ ;S5g\ . /fi6| ;+3n] k|sflzt u/]sf] k|ltj]bgn] s] b]vfPsf] 5 eg] ut
;fn dfq o:tf ;fgf xft xltof/sf] laqmL ljt/0fsf] d"No ^ ljlnog 8n/ eGbf
a9L ePsf] lyof] . x'g t Ol08k]G8]G6 :dn cfd{;\ ;e]{ @))@ n] s] klg 7f]s'jf u/]sf]
5 eg] o:tf ;fgf xft xltof/n] ljZjdf k|To]s lbg Ps xhf/sf b/n] dflg;x?n] cfkm\gf]
hLjg u'dfO/xg'k/]sf] 5 . of] 8/nfUbf] k|ltj]bgn] :ki6 kf5{ dfcf]jfbL h:tf cGo
cft+sjfbL ;d"xx?sf nflu xft xltof/ ;lhn} pknAw x'g ;S5 / cft+sjfbaf6 g]kfnn]
d'Qm kfpg klg Tolt s} sl7g x'G5 . ha;Dd xft xltof/sf] ;'netf dfcf]jfbLn] kfpF5g\
ta;Dd cft+sjfbaf6 g]kfnn] d'lQmsf] :jf; km]g{ kfpFb}g gt dfcf]jfbLx? g} jftf{df
kms{G5g\ . cfh k'/} g]kfn zflGtsf] kIfdf plePsf] 5, eft[Tjsf] kIfdf plePsf]
5 . zflGtsf] pbfx/0fLo xfd|f] uf}td a'4sf] b]zdf cfkm\gf] /fhgLlts clei6 k"/f
ug{ h;/L dfgj xTofsf] >[+vnf cft+sjfbLx?n] z'? u/]sf 5g\ To;sf] cGTo gePdf
of dfcf]jfbLn] zflGtsf nflu cfkm" OdfGbfl/tfsf ;fy cufl8 ga9]df g]kfn csf]{
Olyof]lkof x'g] of csf]{ ;'8fg x'g]5 .
Pp6f ;To s] klg xf] eg] g]kfnsf] ;f]n'v'Da', c5fd, ;Nofg / es'08];Fu;Fu} g]kfnLx?
k/b]zdf klg cft+jfb lj?4 n8\g :j/df :j/ ldnfpg yfn]sf 5g\ / jL/ zxLbx?k|lt pRr
;Ddfg k|s6 ul//xsf 5g\ . b]zsf] sxfnL nfUbf] cft+sjfbsf sf/0f g]kfnLx? k/b]z
cfPkl5 g]kfn kms{g rfFxb}gg\ / To;sf] d'Vo bf]ifL dfcf]jfbLsf] cft+sjfb g} xf]
eGg] s'/fdf ;a} k/b]zL g]kfnLx?sf] dg Ps ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLx? g]]kfnnfO{ Ps
c;kmn /fi6|sf ?kdf lrgfpg h;/L s;/t ul//x]sf 5g\ / h;/L ef/tdf cf>o kfO/x]sf
5g\ To;n] xfdL :jfledfgL g]kfnLx?sf] k|lti7fdf cfFr k'/\ofPsf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] cfly{s ;fdflhs ef}uf]lns / cfkm\gf] 7"nf b'O{ b]z;Fu ;Fu} l4kIfLo
;DaGwsf sf/0f klg g]kfnsf] /fhtGq / ;+;bLo k|hftGqn] cGt/f{li6|o ;Ddfg / ;xof]u
tyf ;dy{g kfPsf] 5 .
b]zsf s'gf sfKrfdf b]z tyf hgtfsf] /Iff ug{ hLjgsf] afhL nufP/ ;]gfx? / k|x/Lx?
h;/L g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf cv08tf / :jfwLgtf hf]ufpg :jtGqtfsf] n8fOF nl8/x]sf
5g\ . pgLx?k|lt ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?n] Ps eP/ ;Ddfg lbPsf 5g\ . To;n] klg :ki6tM
s] b]vfpF5 eg] g]kfnLx? z;Qm 5g\ / cft+sjfbLx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] 3/, cfFug, ufpF
/ zx/af6 k"0f{tM wkfpg pgLx?n] sfFwdf sfFw ldnfPsf 5g\ .
;fDojfbsf] a]n'g] gf/f lbP/ g]kfnsf] jt{dfg /fhgLlt / cfly{s ljsf;sf s'/fx?af6
jfSs / ljrlnt ePsf g]kfnLx?sf] dfgl;s zf]if0f ug{ ;kmn dfcf]jfbLn] g]kfnsf]
;Gbe{df /fli6|otf / hgtfsf] clwsf/sf nflu g]kfnLx?sf] dg lhTg c;kmn ePsf 5g\
. cfkm\gf] / cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf] hLjg hf]ufpg ef/t nfu]sf dfcf]jfbLx?sf nflu
ef/t ;xh gx'g] / cfkm\gf] ultljlw klxn]sf] h:tf] ;lhn} ug]{ cj;/ k|fKt gx'g
;S5 eGg] s'/f o'j/fh l3ld/]n] sflGtk'/df :ki6 n]v]kl5 ca dfcf]jfbLx?n] g}ltstfsf
cfwf/df klg ef/tdf n'Sg] ls xftxltof/ km\ofFs]/ :jb]z kmls{g] < ca /fi6|k|]dL,
:jtGqtfk|]dL, ljsf;k|]dL, k|hftGqk|]dL / /fhtGqk|]dLx?n] ;f]Rg] a]nf cfPsf]
5 . cft+sjfbLx?4f/f xfd|f afnaRrfx?sf] / xfd|f] clwsf/ / :jtGqtfsf] /Iff x'g
;Sb}g . xfdLnfO{ dfg]{ Tof] hTyf lj?4 Ps x'Fb} b]zsf e|i6 g]tfx?lj?4 Ps x'Fb}
xf]:6]df x}+;] ub}{ g]kfnL cfdfsf] cg'xf/ xFl;nf] agfpg l9nf] ug'{x'Fb}g . ljZje/
zflGtsf cu|b"t hlGdPsf xfd|f] dxfg b]znfO{ htftt}af6 n'5\g] Tof] lu/f]xnfO{
/ e|i6rf/Lsf] lu/f]xnfO{ ;dfKt kfg{ ca g]kfnLx?n] sfFwdf sfFw ldnfpFb} xftdf
xft ldnfpFb} xfd|f] b]zsf] k|lti7fnfO{ ljZjsf cGo b]zx?sf ;fd" pRr / ;DdfgLt
t'Nofpg l9nf] ug'{x'Fb}g . dfcf]jfbLn] xftxltof/ a'emfP/ jftf{df kms{g} k5{
/ obL dfcf]jfbLx? OdfGbf/ ePsf v08df ;/sf/n] jftf{4f/f dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg
ug'{k5{ eGg] ;f]r /fVg l9nf] ug'{xF'b}g .
|