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g]kfnL gf/Ljflbx?n] dlxnf lzIffdf hf]8 glbPsf] v08df ljsf;sf k|f/lDes r/0fx? s;/L k"/f x'g;S5g\ eGg] k|Zg p7fpg yfn]sf 5g\ . clxn] sf7df08f}+df ePsf dlxnf ;+u ;DjlGwt ljleGg sfo{s|dx?sf] lgrf]8 klg s] 5 eg] k'?ifjfbL / x}sdjfbL k|j[lt gx6];Dd dlxnf ;dfgtfsf s'/fx? g]kfnL e"lddf pl7/xg]5g\ . k|hftGqsf] k"g{jxfnLkl5 dlxnfx?sf] ;fdflhs cj:yfdf s] km/s cfPsf] 5 t < dlxnfx?sf] hLjgdf ;fdflhs kl/jt{gsfnflu lzIff, :jf:Yo, dlxnf lj?4sf] lx+;f / ck/fwx?s]f l:yltdf ePsf ;'wf/x?n] dlxnfx?sf] ;fdflhs pGgltnfO{ O+lut u5{g . x'gt g]kfndf dlxnf lzIffdf hf]8 lbOb} cfPsf] ePtf klg cj oxf+lg/ cfP/ Pp6f k|Zg p7fpg ;lsG5 . dlxnfx?sf] b}lgs hLjgdf / ;dfhsf ljleGg txx?df lzIff h:tf] clgjfo{ dfgjLo cfjZostf s'/fx?df of] e]befj lsg /f]lsPsf] 5}g t <

g]kfndf dlxnfx?sf] jt{dfg cj:yfnfO{ ljleGg tLg kIfx?jf6 x]g{ ;lsG5. ljsf; cleofgsf ljleGg If]qx?df dlxnfx?sf] ;+nUgtf lsg sd 5 < of lzIff, :jf:Yo ;fdflhs Joj:yf /f]huf/Lsf] k|ToIf c;/n] dlxnfx?df s:tf] k|efj kf/]sf] 5 t eGg] k|Zgdf cfly{s / z}lIfs sf/0fx?df Wofg s]lGb|t x'G5 . Psflt/ pRr lzIffdf dlxnfx?s]f ;+nUgtf sd x'g'df cfly{s ljkGgtf / ;fdflhs lrGtgn] k|ToIf k|efj kf/]sf] b]lvG5 eg] csf]{lt/ j}slNks /f]huf/L / cfwf/e"t cfjZostf k"lt{ ug]{ s'/fdf Jojxfl/s kIfx? h'g sfo{fGjogdf cfpg' cfjZos 5 Tof] gePsf] sf/0f klg dlxnfx? k|ToIf k|efljt ePsf b]lvG5g\ . x'gt g]kfndf h:t} cGo ;fs{ d'n'sx?df dlxnfx?sf] ;d:of Pp6} xf] . Psflt/ ;fdflhs cfGbf]ngsf kIfw/x? s] s'/f :jLsf5{g eg] dlxnfx? ;dfhdf bljPsf sf/0f lzIffdf :jtGq ?kdf nfUg of ;do ;dodf cfly{s sf/0fn] kfO{/x]sf 5}gg\ . dlxnfx?sf] cfly{s clwsf/ eGgfn] pgLx?sf] cfly{s ;s[otf slt k|ltztn] j9]sf] 5 < of ;DklQ dflysf] :jfdLTjdf pgLx?sf] clwsf/ s:tf] 5 / /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ k|bfg ug]{ s'/fdf dlxnfx? slt k|ltzt /f]huf/ kfpg ;kmn 5g\ eGg] ljifodf 5nkmn x'g'k5{ . dlxnfx? k'?ifsf] t'ngfdf jl9 >d vr{ u5{g . -k"?if &=%! 306f dlxnf !)=*% 306f b}lgs _ cf}ift ?kdf sfd ubf{ dlxnfx? j9L dfqfdf ;+nUg ePklg To;nfO{ cfly{s ;s[otfdf lnPsf] b]lvPsf] 5}g .

k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngkl5 dlxnfx?s]f cfGbf]ng lzIff, :jf:Yo tyf /f]huf/Lsf ;jfndf s;/L cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 t < of gf/LjfbL cfGbf]ngsf] d"nwf/df s:tf] kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 t < @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngdf dlxnfx?sf] ;xefuLtf / k|hftflGqs ;+3if{sf] s|ddf dlxnfx?sf] klxrfgnfO{ s;/L cuf8L j9fOPsf] 5 t < eGg] k|Zgx?;+u} Pp6} lgSof}{n s] klg lgsfNg ;lsG5 eg] dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] ;kmntf of ultlzntfsf] cfjZostfsf] k|Zg cem} ;]nfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . oxf+ ;+Demg' kg]{ s'/f s] 5 eg] gf/LjfbL cfGbf]ng h'g gJj]sf] bzskl5 z'? ePsf] 5 nfO{ d"t{?k lbg / dlxnf clwsf/sf lglZrt ;jfnx?nfO{ k"/f ug{ dlxnf lzIffnfO{ ljleGg If]qx?df k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L k"/f ug'{g} clxn] g]kfnsf] lzIff gLlt x'g'k5{ .

g]kfndf dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;sf] s'/f ubf{ pGgfO;f}+ ztflJbsf] bf]>f] bzsleq g]kfndf ;tL k|yfsf] ;dflKt / bf;k|yfsf] cGTo h:tf ;'wf/x? ePaf6 z'? ePsf] dflgG5 t/ jL;f}+ ztfJbLsf] bf]>f] bzskl5 dfq} g]kfnL gf/Lx?sf] ;fdflhs sfo{x?df ;+nUgtf j9]sf] b]lvG5 . ;g\ !(!* df lbJofb]jL sf]O/fnfsf] ;s[otfdf g]kfnsf] klxnf] dlxnf ;DjGwL ;+:yf v'n]sf] lyof] . dlxnf ;ldltkl5 ;g\ !(%! df /f0ff zf;gsf] cGTo gxF'bf;Dd y'k|} dlxnf ;+:yfx? v'n] . ljz]if u/L dlxnf;+u ;DjlGwt lzIff ljkGg dlxnfx?sf nflu sk8f j'Gg], ;Lk l;sfpg] sfd dlxnf ;ldltn] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . To;}u/L ;g\ !($* df g]kfn dlxnf ;+3n] gu/kflnsfsf] dtbfgdf dlxnfn] ef]6 xfNg kfpg'k5{ eGg] cfjfh p7fOPsf] lyof] . x'gt g]kfndf gf/Ljflb :j?ksf] gf/L cfGbf]ng ;g\ !(&% df ;+o'Qm /fi6" ;+3n] gf/L bzs 3f]if0ff u/]sf] nuQ} z'? ePsf] xf] eg] klg x'G5. ljz]ift dlxnf k"?if ldn]/ ug{ ;lsg] ;fdflhs kl/jt{g / dlxnf ljsf;sf] kIfdf cfwf/x? v8f ug]{ gof+ ljrf/ clxn] g]kfnL dlxnf cfGbf]ngdf cfO;s]sf] 5 .

g]kfndf gf/Ljfb k|lt cf:yf gePsf s]lx JolQmx? tyf sfo{stf{x?sf] cf/f]k 5. zf/Ll/s tyf ;fdflhs ;+/rgf / k}q[;tfTds ;dfhsf sf/0f klg gf/Lx? k'?ifsf] t'ngfdf ;dfg x'g ;Sb}gg\ . t/ To;sf] lj?4 gf/Ljflbx?sf] cfjfh 5, clxn];Dd g]kfndf jgfOPsf :ki6 gLlt tyf sfo{s|dx?sf] k'gJofVof ;/sf/L :t/af6 x'g'k5{ . ljsf;, k|hftGq / ;dfgtfsf] d"nwf/g} dlxnfx?sf] z}lIfs ;dfgtf xf] . t/ csf]{tkm{ ljleGg /fhgLlts kfl6{x?df ;Dk"0f{ pDd]bjf/x? dWo] % k|ltzt dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutfsf] k|ltzt @) k'/ofOPsf] s'/f eg] dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] ;sf/fTds pknJwL dfGg'k5{ b]zsf ljleGg lhNnfx?df :yflgo dlxnfx?sf] ;s[otfdf ljleGg ;fgf 7"nf bjfj ;d"xx? u7g u/]/ h'g /S;L lj/f]wL cfGbf]ng z'? ePsf] lyof] / Tof] cfGbf]ngn] /fli6"o tyf txdf h'g lsl;dsf] rrf{ kfPsf] lyof] Tof] klg dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] Ps s8Lsf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 .

clxn]sf] dlxnf cfGbf]ngdf k}t[s ;DklQdf ;dfg clwsf/, /fhg}lts lgsfo / ;+j}wflgs c+ux?df dlxnfx?sf] ;d'lrt k|ltlglwTj x'g'kg]{ ;fdflhs s'k|yf x6fpg] tyf cfly{s clwsf/sf ;jfndf / dlxnf cf/If0f / ue{ktgsf] clwsf/, jnfTsf/sf] lj/f]w, r]nLj]6L j]rljvgsf] cGTo / kq klqsfx?df dlxnf 5lj ljufg{ gx'g] h:tf cfjfhx? lg/Gt/ pl7/x]sf 5g\ . t/ oL ;Dk"0f{ ljifox?sf] ljsf; ug{fsf nflu sfof{Gjogsf lbzfdf eg] ;/sf/L kIf / cGo ;fgf ltgf / /fli6"o :t/sf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?jf6 vf;} 7"nf] sfd eg] x'g ;ls/x]sf] b]lvb}g . dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] ult /fhwfgL sf7df08f}+ jfx]s cGo lhNnfx?df k'Ug g;ls/x]sf] lttf] oyfy{tf klg Psflt/ lhNnfsf dlxnfx?n] ef]Ug' k/]sf] tLtf] oyfy{ xf] eg] csf]{tkm{ sf7df08f}+df ;DkGg x'g] dlxnf cfGbf]ng cn\dlnPsf] 5 / of] lj8DjgfnfO{ klg dlxnfx?n] ef]Ug'k/]sf] 5 .

x'g t s]xL ;do otfsf g]kfnL ;+rf/ dfWodx?df cfPsf dlxnf;+u ;DjGwLt ;dfrf/x?sf cfwf/nfO{ s]nfpbf s] b]lvPsf] 5 eg] s}nfnL, sGrgk'/, b}n]v, h'Dnf, jlb{of, j'6jn, kfNkf, :ofªhf / wgs'6f h:tf lhNnfx?df ToxLsf :yflgo dlxnfx?n] /S;L lj/f]wL cfGbf]ngnfO{ ltj| kfb}{ nu]sf / bfOhf] lj/f]wL cfGbf]ngdf klg dlxnfx?n] l56km'6 ?kdf cfGbf]ng z'? ul/;s]sf 5g\ / dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf nflu o;nfO{ Ps ;sf/fTds kxnsf] ?kdf lng'k5{ . g]kfndf dlxnf cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;kmn jgfpg Psflt/ dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg eP/ g]kfnsf] dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] ultn] k|hftflGqs 9+uaf6 cufl8 j9g ;S5 eGg] ;fdflhs / gful/s ;dfhsf] egfO{nfO{ oxf+ ;sf/fTds 9+uaf6 lng'k5{ . oxf+g]/ cfP/ dlxnfx?sf] x}l;ot j[l4 ug]{ ;jfndf ;dfg?kn] g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bnx?n] 36fpg] / dlxnf k'?if b'j}nfO{ ;dfg ?kdf z}lIfs cj;/k|bfg ug]{ tyf /f]huf/L lbg] ;jfndf hj ;Dd d'n'sn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;Sb}g tj;Dd dlxnf ljsf; df5f] df5f] Eofu'tf] x'G5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ cj klg j'em\g] ls gj'em\g] < Psflt/ dlxnf cfGbf]ng jfd] ;g]{ cj:yfaf6 cufl8 u}/x]sf] cj:yf 5 eg] csf]{tkm{ :yfgLo lgsfox?df d]o/, pkd]o/ j8fWoIf, ;efklt, pk;efklt s'g} klg :yfgdf dlxnfx?sf] pDd]bjf/L 5}g. /fli6"o gLlt lgdf{0fsf s|ddf dlxnf ;xeflutf lsg cfjZos 5 t < x/]s /fhgLlts bnx? / JolQmx?n] dlxnf cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;kmn jgfpgsf] nflu dlxnf hgzlQmsf] pTyfg ug]{ sfo{df cfkm\gf] e"ldsfnfO{ s;/L dhj't jgfpb} n}hfg] eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkm klg dlxnf gf/Ljflbx?n] vf]Hg yfln;s]sf 5g\ . u|fdL0f txaf6 :yfgLo lgsfox?nfO{ kl/rflnt ub}{ sf7df08f}+df Jo:t /x]sf dlxnfjflb ;+3÷;+:yfx?n] dlxnf ljsf;sf nflu ldn]/ sfd ug]{ ls gug]{ < k|hftGQsf] k|fb'{efjkl5sf] ;j}eGbf 8/nfUbf] ;d:ofsf] ?kdf j9]sf] dlxnfx? lj?4sf] lx;f+ of cj}w Jofkf/ h:tf 36gfsf] lhDd]jf/L ;Dk"0f{ u}x| ;/sf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx? / /fhg}lts bnx?sf ;fy} ;/sf/n] lng] ls glng] < of dlxnf cfGbf]ngnfO{ ax;sf] ljifodfq} agfP/ dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] JofVof dfq} e} /xg] xf], ;f]Rg] j]nf cfPsf] 5 .