;flxTo   clen]vfno

wGo ltdL cfof}

1fg]Gb| ubfn
cS6'a/ *, @))@, 8]Ge/, sf]nf]/f8f]

cfpg} kg]{ lyof] /fhf, ;fx; af]sL cfof}
u/Ljsf] d'xf/df Pp6f ;fgf] v'zL Nofof} .

dge/L jge/L cfuf] ;NsL /fsf] a]nf
dg]{ af+Rg] bf];f+wdf hLjg t8\lk/fsf] a]nf
ltd|f] ;Gb]z;+u} xfd|f] dem]/Ldf zflGt Nofof}
e|i6frf/ / 3'l;ofsf] 3}+6f] kmf]g]{ qmflGt Nofof}
zflGtsf] of] cg'e " tL lanfpg lbg' x'Gg
qmflGtsf] of] ofqfnfO{ ;]nfpg lbg' x'Gg .

phf8 lyof] wlt{ ;f/f, cfsfz klg l/Qf] lyof]
sf]6L sf]6L g]kfnLsf] hLjg To;} laTbf] lyof]
/fhf eO{ o:tf] xfnt x]/L a:g' Joy{ x'GYof]
u/Lj b'MvL hgtfsf] w'? w'? dg ?GYof]
o:tf] cGwsf/nfO{ lrg]{ lxDdt ;fy pbfof}
u/Ljsf] d'xf/df Pp6f ;fgf] v'zL Nofof} .

g]kfn cfdfsf] k'sf/

aa'n nfdf
! cS6'a/, @))@

clxn] g]kfn cfdf /f]O/x]l5g\, lrRofO/x]l5g\
/ k'sf/L/x]l5g\ cfkm\g} ;Gtfgx?nfO{
ef], eof] cj clt eof]
aGb u/, oL ;a ltldx?sf cf8Da/L gf/fx? .
cfkm\g} efOn] efOnfO{ dfg]{,
cfkm\g} 5f]/fn] afpnfO{ sf6\g],
cfkm\g} bfOn] alxgLnfO{ anfTsf/ ug]{
xTof/f / anfTsf/L ;+:s[lt rflxb}g dnfO{
ef], eof] cj clt eof]
aGb u/, oL ;a tf08j g[Tox? ..
b]z agfpg] xf]8df b]z} gfz u/L;Sof},
hgtfsf gfddf hgtfnfO{ g} ljgfz u/L;Sof}
cj afFsL g} s] 5 / <
cfp gk'u] d]/f ;'s]sf nfD6fx? r';,
cfp gk'u] d]/f lglh{j eO;s]sf gzfx? n'5,
cfp gk'u] d]/f dfl; ljgfsf xf8vf]/x? rkfpm
d cfdf x'F, d lbG5' ;j{:j,
d}n] ;b}a lbPsf] 5' ltldx?nfO{
lng] d]/f] wd{ xf]Og .
3/df cfuf] nufO;Sof},
3/sf leQfx? /utn] kf]lt ;Sof}
;a} ;a}, ;a} cj l;WofO g} ;Sof}
cj afFsL s]lx 5}g ..
To;}n] ltldx? Cfkm}n] cfkm}nfO{ d]6\g nfu]sf 5f}
dfG5] arfpg] wd{ 5f8]/ dfg]{ sd{lt/ nfu]sf 5f}
cflv/ s] lhT5f} ltldx?n] cfkm}nfO{ d]6]kl5,
s] ef]U5f} ltldx?n] cfkm\g} 3/nfO{ hnfPkl5 .
d}n] t ;k't agfpF5' eg]/ hGdfPsf] lyPF,
d}n] t ;k't agfpF5' eg]/ x'sf{Psf] lyPF,
t/ sk't eP5f},
x] sk'tx?, aGb u/ cj
oL ;a xTof, lx+;f / cft+sx? ..
lhTb}g s;}n] s]lx klg
df/]/ cfkm}n] cfkm}nfO{
a? db{l5g\ ;xg g;sL wtL{ dftf
xfb{5 Tof] lbg b]zn] ..

cd]l/sfaf6 ud u'?8) 8n/dfq k7fpFb}gg\

g]kfnLkf]i6 k|ltlglw ;]D6]Da/ @%, @))@

g]kfnsf w]/} k|ltefx? ljb]zlt/ knfog eP eGg] u'gf;f] ;'lgG5 . t/ k|ltefx? knfog x}g k|ltefx? ljb]zd} eP klg vfl//x]sf 5g\ / cfkm\gf] dft[e"ldsf nflu ;s]sf] ;xof]u ljb]zaf6 ;d]t ul//x]sf e]l6G5g\ . cfkm\gf] k|ltefnfO{ hf]ufpg ljb]zd} eP klg pgLx? bQlrQ 5g\ .

To;f] t g]kfndf :yflkt ePsf k|ltefx?dfq x}g cfhef]ln ljb]zdf klg gofF gofF k|ltefx? :yflkt x'g yfn]sf 5g\ .

o:t} o:t} k|ltefsf wgL ud u'?8) cfhef]ln Go"of]s{ ;x/df /x]sf g]kfnLx?dfem :yflkt snfsf/sf ?kdf lrlgg yfn]sf 5g\ . pgL cfkm\gf] uLt sf]7fdf dfq u'gu'gfpFb}gg\ . u'?8) cfhef]ln Go"of]s{df x'g] g]kfnL ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmddf dL7f dL7f nf]s / cfw'lgs uLt ufpFb} g]kfnL bz{sx?sf] dg 5'g ;kmn eO;s]sf] s'/f t pgsf] ut jif{dfq /]sl88) ePsf] æ5flte/L a}u'gLsf] 3fpÆ gfds uLtaf6 yfxf x'G5 .

g]kfndf ;fg}b]lv zDe' /fO{sf uLtx? dgk/fpg] u'?8)sf] :j/ klg zDe' /fO{ s} h:t} h:t} ;'lgg hfG5 . To;f] t pgL g]kfndf 5Fbf s'g} To:tf] 7"nf] ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmddf efu glnP klg cfkm\gf] :yfgLo ufpFs} Snjx?df ;lqmo /x]/ ufpF ufpFdf uLtx? gu'gu'gfPsf eg] xf]Og . pgL uLt cfkm}+ /rgf ub{5g\ cgL cfkm}+ ufpF5g\ . To;f] ubf{ cfkm"n] /r]sf] uLtsf] efj cfkm}+n] w]/} a'em]sf] x'G5, To;}n] uLt ufogdf cfkm"n] /r]sf] uLt ufpg' hltsf] ;lhnf] c?n] /r]sf] uLt ufpg Tolt ;lhnf] x'Fb}g eG5g\ .

g]kfnsf] nDh'8) lhNnfsf] lhn'8) ufpFdf @)@$ ;fndf hlGdPsf u'?8)nfO{ ;+uLtsf] k|]/0ff eg] cfkm\g} bfh' k"0f{ u'?8) dfkm{t\ ldn]sf] u'?8) atfpF5g\ .

g]kfnsf] lxdfnL lhNnf dgf8)df kfFr jif{;Dd lzIfs k]zf ul/;s]sf u'?8) klg cfkm\gf] kl/jf/ Ps 5f]/f / >LdtLnfO{ g]kfnd} 5f8]/ ljut kfFr jif{b]lv cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf] pGglt / k|ultsf nflu cd]l/sfdf sdfOvfg cfOk'u]sf] s'/f o; k+lQmsf/;Fusf] e]6df atfpF5g\ .

Go"of]s{df /x]sf em08} !% ;o u'?8)x?sf] dfemdf ud u'?8) Go"of]s{sf] u'?8) ;dfhsf xtf{stf{sf ?kdf klg Tolts} vl6/x]sf x'G5g\ . g]kfnaf6 s'g} snfsf/ cfof] eg] pgL cfkmgf] 8n/ sdfpg] ;donfO{ klg ljl;{P/ pgLx?s} ;xof]udf nflu kg'{ klg pgsf] lbgrof{ g} alg;s]sf] s'/f Go"of]s{af6 Sofgf8ftkm{ a;f]af; ;g{ nfu]sf csf{ snfsf/ xl/ l;jfsf]6L atfpF5g\ .

To;f] t ud u'?8) ca cfkm\gf] uLtnfO{ Do'lhs Pnadsf ?kdf ahf/df Nofpgsf nflu cGo y'k|} uLtx?sf] ;+ufnf]sf ?kdf ;L8L lgsfNg] tof/Ldf nfu]sf 5g\ . Toltdfq sxfF xf] / pgn] cfkm\gf] æ5flte/L a}u'gLsf] 3fpÆ gfds uLtsf] Do'lhs Pnad lgsfNgsf nflu Go"of]s{b]lv jfl;+8)6g 8L;L;Ddsf b[Zox? xfn]/ 5fofFsg\ ;d]t ul/;s]sf] s'/f klg snfsf/ xl/ l;jfsf]6Ln] o; k+lQmsf/nfO{ atfP .

o:tf gj k|ltefx?n] g]kfnsf nflu cd]l/sfaf6 8n/ dfq k7fPsf 5}gg\ g]kfnL ;|f]tfx?sf nflu dL7f dL7f uLtx?;d]t k7fP/ g]kfnL snf / ;+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{ ub}{ 5g\ . g]kfnLx? rfx] cd]l/sf a;]sf x'g\ jf c:6|]lnof, x8)s8), ef/t hxfF a;] klg cfkm\gf] k|ltefnfO{ ltg} g]kfnL ;|f]tf ;dIf k'/\ofpg ;w}+ ldlxg]t ul//x]sf e]l6G5g\ .
To;}n] o:tf snfsf/x?n] cfpFbf lbgdf cem vfl/P/ gofF gofF /rgf / ;+uLtdf nfUg ;s'g\ oxL xfd|f] z'esfdgf 5 .

le6fldg / xfd|f] hLjg

æle6fldg / xfd|f] hLjgÆ of] ljleGg le6fldgaf/] hfgsf/L u/fpg] g]kfnLdf n]lvPsf] k':ts xf] . of] k':ts xfn} cd]l/sfsf] Go"of]s{ zx/df Ps ;df/f]xsf aLr ljdf]rg ul/Psf] 5 .

s;}n] k':ts n]Vg' cfkm}+sf nflu dfq geP/ Tof] k':ts k9\g] ;a} kf7sx?sf nflu pkof]uL g} x'G5 / g} n]vsx?n] k':tssf] k|sfzgsf nflu n]Vg] u/]sf 5g\ . cem o; k':tssf n]vs l6sf l;jfsf]6L :jod\ k]6sf] SofG;/af6 lkl8t ePsf] s'/f k':tsdf n]vsn] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ .

o;/L SofG;/af6 lk8Lt JolQmsf] cu|;/tfdf le6fldg;DaGwL ljleGg k':tsx? cWoog u/L g]kfnLx?sf nflu eg]/ tof/ kf/]sf] of] k':ts ;a{ ;fwf/0fsf nflu ;/;/L k':ts k9\bf pkof]uL g} b]lvG5 .

k':ts n]vsn] n]v]/ dfq gx'g] To;nfO{ kf7s ;dIf NofO glbPsf v08df n]vssf] ck|sflzt s[ltsf] s'g} d"No x'Fb}g To;}n] k':ts k|sfzs lai0f' s'df/L yfkfn] b]vfpg'ePsf] pbf/tfn] g]kfnL kf7sx?nfO{ le6fldg;Fu ;DalGwt s'/fx? cWoogsf nflu cj;/ ldn]sf] 5 .

n]vsdWo]sf Ps l6sf l;jfsf]6Ln] k':tsdf g]kfnsf] lbgk|ltlbgsf] lju|bf] cj:yfk|lt æcfkm\g} af/]dfÆ eGg] zLif{sdf lgSs} cfqmf]z kf]Vg'ePsf] 5 . xf] klg af:tjd} b]zdf ljut bz jif{cl3 lg/8)s'z zf;g Joj:yf x6]/ k|hftGq cfof] elgof] t/ ha b]zdf k|hftGq cfof] cgL k|hftGqsf] ;+/If0f u5f}{ eGg] /fhgLlts 7]Ss]bf/x?n] b]znfO{ pFef]ult x}g pFwf] ultdf dfq nu] o;af6 n]vs l;jfsf]6LnfO{ w]/} lrQ b'v]sf] s'/f k':tsdf pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 .

b]z lju|g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f k':tssf n]vs b]zsf] ;+ljwfg g} l7s b]Vg' x'Gg . pxfF k':tsdf eGg' x'G5 æjt{dfg ;+ljwfg c;Ifd / ck|hftlGqs 5 h;n] ubf{ cfh xfdL @ s/f]8 g]kfnLx? emg\emg\ ul/jL / bf;tfsf] ;+3f/lt/ hfb}5f+} . ha;Dd xfdLn] k|hftlGqs / zlQmzfnL ;+ljwfg nfu" ub}{gf} ta;Dd xfd|f] sNof0f x'g] 5}g .Æ

Go"of]s{sf] s'g} dlGb/df /f]uL ag]/ z/0f lnP/ a:g'ePsf n]vs l6sf l;jfsf]6Lsf] g]kfnL d"nsf ad]{nL;Fu n08gaf6 pRr lzIff xfl;n u/]/ cd]l/sfdf le6fldgs} ljifodf zf]w ug{sf nflu cfpg'ePsf kf;/ zdf{sf] e]63f6 / ;Nnfxfdf cfkm"n] k':ts tof/ kf/]sf] s'/f atfpg] l6sf l;jfsf]6Ln] cflv/ k':ts lgsfNg] ePkl5 eg] lgh kf/z zdf{nfO{ e]6 gePsf] s'/f klg k':tsdf pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 .

l6sf l;jsf]6L k':tssf af/]df n]V5g\M æxfdLn] bz afx| jif{;Dd e"uf]n, cy{zf:q, jLhul0ft h:tf a]nfavt dfq k|of]udf cfpg] ljifox? rfFxL 6'KkL afFw]/ 3f]sL 3f]sL k9]5f}+ t/ hLjge/ knkn ldg]6 ldg]6df / hlxn] klg clt cfjZos x'g] :jf:Yo tyf le6fldgx?sf af/]df Ps 306f klg k9\g kfPgf}+ .Æ

aflx/L b'j} k]h sn/df / leq hDdf @ ;o !% k]hsf] of] k':ts leqsf] z'4fz'4Lk|lt eg] vf;} Wofg glbOg' k':tssf] Hofb} sdhf]/L kIf dfGbf km/s kb}{g . ;fdfGo x[:j bL3{k|lt klg Wofg glbPsf] b]Vbf eg] ;fdfGo kf7snfO{ g/dfOnf] nfUg' :jefljs b]lvG5 .

:jo+ k|sfzssf] gfd ;d]t z'4 gn]lvg' s;sf] sdhf]/L xf] cfpFbf lbg k'gM k':ts c? k|sflzt x'g] eof] eg] o; k':tssf z'4fz'4Ldf eg] ljz]if Wofg lbg} kg]{ b]lvG5 .

k':tssf] ;jf{lwsf/M n]vs tyf k|sfzsdf z'/lIft n]vsx?M 8f= kf/z zdf{ od= 8L= kL=Pr=8Lsf] tof/Ldf / l6sfk|;fb l;jfsf]6L Pd=P= k|sfzsM lai0f' s'df/L yfkf k|yd ;+:s/0fM !))! k|lt d'NoM !% cd]l/sL 8n/ d'b|sM o'gfO6]8 u|flkmS; lk|G6;{, Go" Knfhf, k'tnL;8s, sf7df8f}+ g]kfn

k':ts ;dLIff dgf]4]u dgf]4]u k|aGw ;+u|x uPsf] h'nfO{df ;DkGg PPgPsf] ;Dd]ngsf cj;/df ljdf]lrg ePsf] ;flxlTos k':ts xf] . o; ;+u|xsf] n]lvsf afdf 9'+ufgf x'g\ . cGt/f{li6|o g]kfnL ;flxTo ;dfh jfl;+u6g 8L;L k|sfzs /x]sf] pQm k|aGw ;+u|xdf 9'+ufgfsf @! j6f ljleGg zLif{ssf k|aGwx? ;dfa]; ul/Psf 5g\ . pQm ;+u|xdf g]kfnb]lv cd]l/sf;Dd / o'/f]k ofqfsf af/]df ;d]t n]lvsfn] cfkm\gf] snd rnfPsL l5g\ . n]lvsfsf] of] bf];|f] k|of; xf] o;cl3 cg];f;n] g} k|0fo k|;+u gfdsf] sljtf ;+u|x k|sflzt u/]sf] lyof] .

dgf]4]uM k|aGw ;+u|x k|sfzgM lj=;+= @)%( a}zfv n]vsM afdf 9'+ufgf ;+:s/0fM k|yd ;jf{lwsf/M cg];f;df ;'/lIft, k|yd ;+:s/0f d"NoM %) ?k}ofF, cd]l/sL 8n/ % d'b|sM OGb|]0fL ckm;]6 k|]; cgfdgu/, sf7df8f}+

clxNo} s] sf] jftf{

aa'n nfdf, h'nfO{ @(, @))@

8fF8f sfF8fx? gf+uf eO;s]s} 5}gg\
g t klx/f]n] ufFp al:tx? k'/} aufPs} 5
pNn', lsg s/fpF5;\ 8fFsf] 5f]8]/
H+fun cem} ;lsPs} 5}g, clxNo} s] sf] a[Iff/f]k0f ..

ev{/ t cfuf] an]sf] 5,
bg\bgL bGs]s} 5}g, kfnL / UjfnLx? Dffq an]sf] 5,
pNn', lsg ?G5;\ eSsfgf] kmf]/]/
3/ v/fgL x'g afFsL g} 5, clxNo} s] sf] bdsn ..

aNn t ;fFrf] xftdf cfPsf] 5
e08f/ t cem} k'/f vf]Ng EofPs} 5}g
x] a'4', lsg cflQG5;\ o;/L
9's'6L cem} l/lQPs} 5}g, clxNo} s] sf] xtf/ ..

ev{/ t kfFr xhf/ gfy] dfG5] dfl/Psf] 5
a}w ?kdf k|hfsf] tGq vQd ePs} 5}g
x] gfnfos, lsg ax'nfpF5;\ jftf{ jftf{ eg]/
dfG5] dfg{ cem} e';'Ss} afFsL 5, clxn] s] sf] jftf{ ..

ev{/ t rfFhf] kfFhf] ldNb} 5
wg, v'F8f v's'/L / ljsf;] n7}tx? t cfOk'u]s} 5}gg\
x] x/fdvf]/, lsg dg}{ vf]H5;\ o;/L
t]/f] b]z cem} k/flwg ePs} 5}g, clxNo} s] sf] zflGt, clxNo} s] sf] jftf{ ..

lk/tL

8f=z}nz e08f/L
d]l/Nof08, @^ h'nfO{ @))@

ltd|f] d'xf/sf] rds x]bf{ x]b}{
d]/f] b[i6L ToxL+ km;]5 cGt em6\6} uPg
s'g emdsdf lk/tL a;]5 kQ} ePg ..

cfFz'

d]/f] k/]nLaf6 em/]sf cfFz' x]/]/ ltdL lrQ gb'vfpg'
lsgsL cfFz' t Tof] ltd}| xf]
h'ga]nf d}n] ltd|] k|yd bz{g kfPsf] lyPF
tL hfb'k"0f{ cfFvfx?nfO{ d}n] d]/} k/]nL leq n'sfPsf] lyPF …

g]kfn cfdf ?+b} elG5g\

1fg]Gb| ubfn sf]nf]/f8f], cd]l/sf

cfdf x'+ ltd|f ltdL 5f]/f 5f]/L
cfktsf] a]nf d ;Demfpm+ s;/L .

hf] 5f} ltdL ;a ;Gtfg d]/}
b]V5f} ls b]Vb}gf} laxfg ;a]/}
lrGtf oxL 5 lbg /ft dnfO{
;f]Rb}gf} lsg cfk\mg} enfO{ <

sf] xf} lj/fgf] sf] xf} k/fO{
n8\b}5f} cfk\mgf bfh' / efO
cfk'm cfk'md} dl/ /x]5f}
xf]nL /utsf] v]ln/x]5f} .

c;x\o kL8f 5 cfuf] an]/
v/fgL e}uf] ufp 3/ hn]/
htftt} rN5 jf?b / uf]nf
/fIf; k|j[lQ ef] dflg;sf] rf]nf .

:jR5 jtf; 5}g ;f; km]g{nfO{
v'Nnf cfsfz 5}g af; x]g{nfO{
h'g 3fdsf] Hof]tL vf]l;of] ls
xfjfsf] dfu{ klg /f]lsof] ls .

sf]xL o'4 ug{ h+un k;]sf
sf]xL zflGt hKb} 3/df a;]sf
;/sf/L] gf]s/ hflu/] 5f]/f]
a'xf/L u5]{ wf/f] k+w]/f] .

5}g s;}sf] lhp wgsf] /Iff
;kgf ;l/ ef] zflGt ;'/Iff
s'g a]nf al;{G5 5fltdf uf]nL
yfxf 5}g s:tf] x'g] xf] ef]nL .

s] kfp+5f} cflv/ of] ;a u/]/
zflGt klg x'Gg hf+bf d/]/
a]nf cem} 5 ;b\a'l4 n]pm
af+r ltdL zflGtn] af+Rg b]pm

DfuGt]sf] cg'/f]w

Kf|]d ;+u|f}nf
l5d]sL uf+pm, elh{lgof,
h'nfO{ !*, @))@

slxn] k'm6kfydf bfx|f l8)Rofp+b}
slxn] 3/3/df cfkm}nfO{ l3Rof+pb}
slxn] cfkt k/\of] eGb},
slxn] ljklQsf] /fu cnfKb}
slxn] b'a} xft k;fb}{
slxn] aLr af6f]d} nDk;f/ kb}{
hLjgnfO{ ;'vL agfpg] /x/df
:jhgnfO{ v';L agfpg] /x/df
clnslt wfswSs' nufpg] /x/df
hf]/Lvf]Hg]nfO{ 9f8 ;]sfpg] /x/df
duGt]sf] of] gd| lgj]bg,
xh'/ ;dIf hfx]/ 5 .

:jfb] lha|f] r;Ss kfg{, clnslt g'g lbP klg x'G5
a'r] sfg ;hfpg, clnslt ;'g eP klg x'G5
ef]sf] k]6 eg{, rfdn;Fu 3'g lbP klg x'G5
v"g t cfkm};Fu kmfnfkmfn 5 xh'/
a? dft]sf] ;'/df u'Gu'gfpg,] xh'/sf] clnslt w"g kfP x'G5 .

xft yfk]sf] 5' xh'/,
:jfledfgnfO{ aGwsL /fVf]sf] 5' xh'/,
cfZjf;gsf] af]nL lbP klg x'G5, Hofg} lng] uf]nL lbP klg x'G5
k};}k};fsf] emf]nf eP klg x'G5, af?b / adsf] uf]nf eP klg x'G5
af;L /f]6L eP klg x'G5, gkmf6]sf] wf]lt eP emg x'G5
ljsf;sf] efif0f lbP klg x'G5, xh'/s} zf;g lbP ;'gdf ;'uGw x'G5
dfUg] dfG5]nfO{ xh'/, h] eP klg x'G5,
u8 An]; o" xh'/,
l/Qf]xft gkmsf{P x'G5 .

efg' cfP

ljZj]Zj/ s6\6]n
uf]/vf, g]kfn
h'nfO{ !*, @))@

tgx'Fdf dfq gc6fPsf efg'
sf7df8f}+df dfq /x/ gd]l6P/
b]z ljb]z sxfF sxfF k'u]gg\ xf]nf
of] /d0fLo ;'Gb/ ;Eox?sf] a:tLdf
efiff ;flxTo lrxfpFb} lrxfpFb}
cd]l/sfsf] jfl;+6g 8L;Ldf
klg efg', cfO{ k'u]5g\ .

zAb ;dGjosf snf snfdf
g]kfnL 9's 9'sLsf unfunfdf
efiff ;flxTosf] dfnf pgfpFb}
;flxTosf] af]nLdf nf]nL ldnfpg
cfOk'u]5g\ efg' o; ynfdf .

efiff / ;+:s[lt hufpg] qmddf
/r] /fddfofg sy] slt hudf
;'t] ;'tfP l;/fgL agfP
g]kfnL efiffnfO{ efiff agfP
3'Db} lkmb}{ cfh o; dfxf]ndf
cfOk'u]5g\ efg' o; ynfdf

; uj{ p7\5g\ oL xft ;f/f
efg'sf lk|o] cg'/fuL wf/f
hf] 5g\ ;Eotf Pstfleq
agfP pg}n] efiff zAb lrq
;';]Nb} ;a\ a6'nL ;fydf
efg' cfP5g\ cfh of] /d0fLo kfs{df

l;h{gfsf ;'Gb/ ;[li6sf ljxfgL
efiff, 1fg / tTjsf ;j{ ;'nevfgL
hfgL g hfgL h] u/\of} kljq
efg' d':s'/fP ;a leq leq
t'NofO{ dd{ dd{df h'/fof}
of] ;'Gb/ gu/Ldf ltdL cfh cfof} .

-s6\6]n k[YjL gu/kflnsf, uf]/vfsf gu/ k|d'v x'g'x'G5 . pxfFn] of] sljtf jfl;+6g 8L;Ldf cGt/f{li6|o ;flxTo ;dfhn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] efg' holGtsf cj;/df kf7 ug'{ePsf] lyof] ._

;nfd zflGtb"t ltd|f] ljZj zflGt ofqfnfO{

l6sf s'df/ k'g
lrdvf]nf, DofUbL
xfn M elh{lgof,cd]/Lsf .

lx/f]lzdf / gfufzfsLsf] Oltxf;nfO{ ;D´]/
zflGtsf] k|fyf{gf ug]{ /fi6"sf] efjgfnfO{ ;fob ltdLn] a'´of}
;u/dfyfnfO{ lz/df /fv]/ :joDe'sf 8fF8fx?df
zfflGtsf] k/]jf p8fpg] b]zsf] k/Dk/fnfO{ ;fob ltdLn] Xbo8)\ud u/of}
/ o;}n] g} z'?jft eof]
Pp6f ofqf ljZj zflGtsf nflu
Pp6f ofqf ljZj eft[Tjsf] nflu
lx+8\of} ltdL ha zflGt ;Gb]z ljZj e"uf]nsf] s'gf s'gf k'/ofpFb}
slxNo} s;} ;fd' g´'s]sf] uf}/jk"0f{ rGb| ;'o{ c+lst ´08f kmx/fpFb}
xf],ha ltdL k'0f{tM ;dlk{t lyof} ljZj zflGtsf] w'lgdf
ckm;f]r otf Tolt g} a]nf o'4 rNof] uf}td a'4sf] e'lddf
v} s;/L ;'gfpm, zflGt x/fPsf] b]zsf] syf
Pp6f g]kfnLn] csf]{ g]kfnLnfO{ df/]sf] Joyf
;'Gof} ls ltdLn] qmflGtsf] gfddf /fi6";]jsx? dfl/Psf]
;'Gof} ls ltdLn] ;'/Iffsf] gfddf ufpFsf ufpF g} ;vfk kfl/Psf]
oqtq b'u{lGwt nfzx? kl8/x]sf]
hËnL hgfj/x? nfz r'+l8/x]sf]
dfG5]sf] l;gf]sf] uGwn] lu4x? 3'ld/x]sf]
c/], DffG5] d/]sf] ls uNnLsf] e':ofxf s's'/ d/]sf] <
cyjf hËnsf sL/f km6of+u|f d/]sf] <
hn>f]tsf] wgL g]kfndf kfgL t s] ;:tf] 5 /
TotL ;:tf] eof] /] cfh ef]ln g]kfnLsf] /ut .
c? t s] s'/f,
af]Sg' k5{ /] kl/ro kq cfkm\g} zx/ 3'Dbf klg
;f]Wg' k5{ /] ;/sf/nfO{ la/fdL eO{ c:ktfn hfFbf klg
b'O{ rf/ hgf dbf{ t s;}sf] cfFz' klg cfpFb}g /]
s'g} ;+rf/ dfWoddf k'5f/sf] ;drf/ klg aGb}g /]
o;}n] xf],
dfG5]x? cf]+7] hafkm nufp+bf x'g\ ltdLnfO{ g]kfnsf] gfd ;'g]/
czflGt dlRrPsf] b]zsf] dfG5]n] s] sf] zflGt ;Gb]z lbG5f}+ eg]/
zflGtsfdL ltdL, dgleq b]zsf] zflGt b'Vbf slt kL8f x'G5 xf]nf
;fob slxn] sfxL+ t of] zflGt ofqf g} klg lg/y{s nfU5 xf]nf
t/ xf]Og,
a}u'gLNffO{ u'0fn] df/] ´}+
lx+;fnfO{ clx+;fn] lht] ´}+
czflGtsf] dzfnnfO{ zflGtsf] Hjfnfn] g} lgefpg' k5{
ca oxfF Pp6f xf]Og xhf/f}+ k'is/x? hGdg' k5{
o;}n] zflGtb"t ltd|f] ofqfn] lg/Gt/tf kfpg' k5{
;nfd zflGtb"t ltd|f] w}o{tfNffO{
ltd|f] ;+sNknfO{{
ltd|f] c7f]6nfO{
cbDo ;fx;nfO{
clg ;nfd zflGtb"t ltd|f] ljZj zflGt ofqfnfO{

-b P;f]l;P;g ckm g]klnh\ Og b cd]l/sfh\ -PPgP_ sf] @) cf}+ jflif{s ;Dd]ng-h'nfO{ $ b]lv &, @))@_ sf] cj;/df cfof]hgf ul/Psf] sljtf k|ltof]lutfdf k|yd :yfg cf]u6\g ;kmn ePsf] sljtf hf] g]kfn / g]kfnLsf tkm{af6 zflGtsf ;b\efjgf /fhb"t ag]/ ljZj ;fOsn ofqfdf lgl:sPsf k'is/ zfxsf] af/]df n]lvPsf] 5 ._

ljlGt

k|tfk clwsf/L
elh{lgof

slt zfGt / ;'Gb/ b]z lyof] d]/f] g]kfn
;'Gb}5',
9sdSs nfnLu'/fF; km'Ng] jg kfvfdf cj nfnL /Ë x}g
/utsf cfnf 6f6fx? el6G5g\ /]
kfvfdf 3fF;L / kfgL kw]+/f ug]{sf ;"/Lnf / s07lk|o :j/ x}gg\
;§fdf uf]nL / adsf k/f{kl5sf lrTsf/ / /f]bg u'l~h/xG5g\ /]
hËndf d'9fx? x}gg\

dfG5]sf zj / xf8\x? e]l6g yfn]sf 5g\ /]
u'n]nL / d6\ofË|f v]nfpg] slnnf xftx? clg
xnf] / sf]bfnL ug]{ kf}/lvnf kfv'/Lx? cj
lu|g]8,P;=Pn=cf/= / Pd=lk=hL=v]nfpg yfn]sf 5g\ /]
s;}sf] d[To" x'Fbf ufpFdf zf]s dUg x'g] l5d]sLx? klg
cj cfkm\g} d[To";Fu 8/fpg 5f8]sf 5g] /]
ljxfg ;s'zn 5'l6Psf kl/jf/hgx? j]n'sL e]6 x'g kfpg] x'g ls x}gg\
;w}+sf] 8/ / qf;df afFlr /x]sf 5g\ /]

d[To" klv{P/ j;]sf j[4x?nfO{klg
sfvsf cfkm\g} ;Gtfgsf] xTof ePsf] b]Vg' ;fdfGo e};s]sf] 5 /]
s] vfpF / s] nfpF eGg] pd]/sf o'jfx?klg
hËn / kxf8sf u"kmfx?df
s|flGtsf kf7 k9\b} xTof,lx+;f / ljWj+;df pqg jfWo 5g\ /]
cfkm"n] ;w}+ c?nfO{ dfof,;Ddfg clg cfb/ ug{ l;sfPsf]
cfkm\g} ;Gtfg cfh s;/L cfkmGts} xTofdf plqPsf] 5 eg]/
cfdfklg k|Zg ul5{g\ /]

c?nfO{ g u0ftGq yfxf 5 g k|hftGq
p;n] hLjg kfPsf] 5 lhpg' kb{5 eGg] hfGb5
d[To" ;[li6df csf6\o ;To xf]
To;sf jf/]df g t p slxNo} ;f]Rb5 t/
cfh p jfWo 5 To;}n] d[To"sf jf/]df ;f]lr/xsf]5
dfcf]jfbLsf gfddf dfl/Psf] g]kfnL
k|x/L,;]gf / ;j{;fwf/0fsf] gfddf dfl/Psf] g]kfnL
ltg} g]kfn dftfsf] b"w lkP/ x'ls{Psf ;Gtfg

t/, lsg xf] cfh cfkmGts} xTofdf /dfpg yfn]sf 5g\ /]
cfkm"n] vlr{P/ lgdf{0f u/]sf ;+/rgfx?
eTsfpgdf uf}/j ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ /]
cfkm"x? eg] ;'/lIft j;]/ lsg
c?nfO{ cfxftdf jfFRg jfWo kfb}{5g\ tL cft+sjfbLx?
cfkmGtsf d[To"df s;/L d'6" l5of-l5of x'G5
Yffxf 5}g pgLx?nfO{ eg]
l5d]sLsf 3/jf6 xf]Og,
cfkm\g} 3/jf6 z'? ug'{ kg]{ ltgn]
Dffof / dfgjtfsf ;DjGwdf yfxf 5}g ltgnfO{ eg]
ls t hGdb} ghGdg' kg]{ ls t a|Dxrf/L j:g' kg]{ ltgn]
s;fxLn]klg lbge/L df;' j]lr ;s]kl5
/ftdf Ps rf]6L kZrftfk u5{ /] eGg] ;'g]sf] 5'

t/, d]/f bfh'efO{ / lbbLjlxgLx?
olt ;Dj]bgxLg,lgs[i6 / s'|/ jlg;s]sf /x]5g\
Yffxf lyPg dnfO{
;f; km]/]/ rnv]n ul/ /xFbf klg dfG5]
lglh{j 9'Ëf h:tf] s7f]/ x'Fbf] /x]5
yfxf lyPg dnfO{
dfkm ul/b]pm,;Dj]bgxLg d'9 x'g' g}
ltd|f] uf}/j xf] eg]
lwSsf/ 5 ltd|f] hGdnfO{
ljlGt 5,zlQmzfnL 5f} eg]
Psrf]l6 k'gh{Gd lnP/ x]/ clg
Dff/ cfkm"n] cfkm}+nfO{

/STofDo kxf8 x]/]kl5========

cfq]o

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_n] @)%@ ;fnb]lv rnfPsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] pu| ?kn] ubf{ cfhef]ln b]z aflx/ / leq a:g] ;a} g]kfnLx?sf] d'6' kf]ln/x]sf] 5 .

ljt]sf] Ps jif{b]lv t ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr o'4 g} z'? ePsf] 5 . o:tf] nfU5, ca d'n's ca slxNo} cGt gx'g] u[x o'4df hflsPsf] 5 . x/]s lbg g]kfnaf6 k|sflzt x'g] jgnfO{g tyf cGo ;dfrf/x? x]bf{ ca t ;dfrf/ k9\g' eg]sf] g} g]kfnLx?sf] nfzsf] ;+Vof uGtL ug'{ dfq xf] .

x/]s k6s va/x? k9]kl5 Pp6f k|Zg dgdf p7\g] u/\Yof] Tof] dg]{x?sf] kl/jf/df s] eO/x]sf] xf]nf < ljxfgb]lv ;fFem;Dd sfd ubf{ t Ps 5fs vfg gk'Ug] cj:yfdf 3/sf] sdfpg] g} dfl/Pkl5 Tof] kl/jf/sf] s] xfnt xf]nf .

;fob\ o:t} ;f]rn] xf]nf lgb]{zs w'|j a:g]tn] o; u[xo'4df k/]sf kl/jf/x?sf] b'Mv / j]bgfnfO{ Pp6f 8s'd]G6|Ldfkm{t\ ptf/]sf 5g\ / To;sf] gfd 5 /STofDo\ kxf8 .

/f]Nkf, ?s'd / hfh/sf]6 lhNnfx?df lvlrPsf] of] 8s'd]G6|Ln] dfcf]jfbL a9\g'sf] sf/0f kQf nufpg] sf]lz; u/]sf] 5 .

8s'd]G6|Lsf] w]/} efu dfcf]jfbL / k|x/L k|zf;gsf] lzsf/ ePsf dlxnfx?, 6'x'/f afnsx?sf] cGt/jftf{df s]lGb|t ul/Psf] 5 . o;n] dfcf]jfbL / k|x/L cft+sn] :yfgLo jfl;Gbfx?sf] ;/n hghLjg s;/L c:t Jo:t eO/x]sf] 5 eGg] af/]df klg hfgsf/L lbG5 .

dfcf]jfbL ;nx h:t} km}ng'sf] d'Vo sf/0f k|zf;g / k|x/Lsf] HofbtLaf6 ePsf] 8s'd]G6|L x]/]kl5 a'lemG5 . 8s'd]G6|Ldf lnOPsf] cGt/jftf{x?df dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x? o;sf] ;a} bf]if /fHo, ;/sf/ / ;/sf/L gLlt lgodnfO{ lbG5g\ . x'g klg dfcf]jfbsf] ljsf; x'g'sf] sf/0f k|x/L k|zf;gsf] HofbtLaf6 ePsf] s'/f Pp6f bz P3f/ jif{sf] afnsn] d]/f] afa' cfdfnfO{ dfg]{ k|x/LnfO{ kfPF eg] eGb} ?b}+ eg]sf] b[Zoaf6 k|i6 x'G5 .

z'?df tL lhNnfx?df dfcf]jfbLx?n] :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] dg lhTg] sfd u/] klg clxn] ufpFdf cfP/ o'jf / tGg]/Lx?nfO{ ckx/0f u/]/ nfg] ;}lgs agfpg] sfdx? eO/x]sf] b]lvG5 .

pgLx?n] tL 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ ckxl/tx?sf] af/]df hfgsf/L ;d]t glbg'n] af+sL kl/jf/x? zf]sfs'n eP/ cfkm\gf lbg sfl6/x]sf] 8s'd]G6|Ldf b]vfOPsf] 5 .

Pp6} 3/sf Ps 5f]/f dfcf]jfbL / csf]{ 5f]/f k|x/Ldf eOlbgfn] hf] d/] klg cfkm\g} 5f]/fx? d5{g\ eGbf o:tf] nfU5 xfd|f] axfb'/Lkg vfnL cfkm"x?aLr df/sf6 ug{sf nflu /x]5 eGg] cfef; x'G5 .

o;/L z'?df :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ ;fy lbPh:tf] u/]/ z'? ePsf] hgo'4 clxn] :yfgLo j:tLx? l/TofpFb} / /STofDo\ kfb}{ cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 . cWoog ug{ hfg'kg]{ cjlwdf aGb's af]s]/ qmflGtsf] uLt ufpFb} lxl8/x]sf] b]Vbf o:tf] nfU5 tL lszf]/ lszf]/Lx?sf] ;f]r cfkm\g} t/ leGg ljrf/ /fVg] bfh'efOx?nfO{ ;tfpg] / dfg]{ bfpk]rn] el/Psf] h:tf] nfU5 . t/ pgLx?nfO{ of] klg yfxf 5}g, xfdLn] s;sf nflu s] ul//x]sf 5f}+ .

of] 8s'd]G6|L k"/f ug{ @^ lbg nfu]sf] atfOG5 / vf; u/L dfcf]jfbLx?sf] u9 lhNnfx?df s]Gb|Lt /x]sf] 5 . 8s'd]G6|Ldf dfcf]jfbLsf e]nfx? lvlrP klg pQm e]nfdf cfpg] g]tfx?sf] cg'xf/ eg] o; 8s'd]G6|L leq k/]sf 5}gg\ . csf]{ s'/f l9n} eP klg :yfgLo k|zf;sx? / k|x/L lg/LIfsx?n] dfcf]jfb a9\g'df cfkm\gf uNtLx? Klg /x]sf] :jLsf/]sf 5g\ .

afdf 9'+ufgfsf] sljtf;+u|x lgofNbf

lu/Lz

st} dfof st} lg/fzf / st} v'zLsf ;+ufnf]x¿ ;+uflnPsf ljljw sljtfx?sf] ;+ufnf] æk|0fo-k|;Ë+Æ xfn} dfq jfl;+6g 8L;Ldf ljdf]lrt ul/Psf] 5 .

rfnL; j6f km"6s/ sljtf /x]sf Ps rfnL; k[i7df k|sflzt pQm sljtf ;+u|xsf sljoqL x'g\ afdf 9'+ufgf .

pgL slxn] slxn] o;cl3 klg sljtf t sf]g]{ uly{g\ . t/ sljtf ;+u|xs} ?kdf k|sflzt ePsf] eg] afdf 9'+ufgfsf] of] klxnf] k|of; xf] . cfkm\gf efjgfx?nfO{ sljtfsf ?kdf kf]v]/ cfkm"nfO{ Ps gj sljoqLsf ?kdf lrgfpg afdf 9'+ufgf o; ;+u|xdfkm{t\ ;kmn ePsL 5g\ eGbf cTo'lQm x'++b}g . pgsf sljtfdf b]zk|]d b]lv lnP/ s;}nfO{ ul/g] dfofn] s;/L dfG5]nfO{ kfun agfp+5 eGg] h:tf s'/fx?df dfq x}g g]kfnLx¿sf] dxfg kj{ bz}+df g]kfnLx?n] s;/L cfkm\gf] rf8kj{ dgfp+5g\ eGg] s'/fx?nfO{ klg sljoqL afdf 9'+ufgfn] cfkm\gf sljtfdfkm{t\ JoQm u/]sL l5g\ . To:t} k|]ddf dfG5]x? lsg kfun x'G5g\ of}jgsf a]nf o'jfo'jtLx?sf] lelq rfxgfx?nfO{ klg sljoqL afdf 9+'ufgfn] ædf}g k|]dÆ zLif{s sljtfsf] cGtdf pgL n]lV5g\

æjf:tljstf / XboaLr
gul/b]pm ;lGw d]/f] cf+;'n]
df}gtfdf hGd]sf] k|]dnfO{
;dfhdf dfg b]pm ltdLn]Æ

To:t} k/b]zdf s;/L dfG5] x/fPsf 5g\ t eGg] s'/fnfO{ klg sljoqL 9'+ufgf æx/fPsf dfG5]Æ zLif{sdf n]lV5g\,
æx/fPsf 5g\ dfG5] oxf+
eG5g\ ;DkGgtfsf] k|of;df
cfkm" :jo+sf] dfofdf
ljl;{Psf 5g\ cfkm\gf oxf+Æ

kf+r 5 jif{b]lv cd]l/sfd} a:b} cfkm\gf] 3/jf/ u/L vfPsL afdf 9'+ufgfsf sljtfdf g]kfnsf ufp+ kfvf kv]/fb]lv lnP/ Go"of]s{sf] ;]K6]Da/ !! sf] 36gf;DdnfO{ sljoqLn] cfkm\gf] efjgf kf]Vg k'u]sL l5g\ . cfkm\gf] æjN8{ 6"]8 ;]G6/Æ zLif{ssf] sljtfdfkm{t\ pgL n]lV5g\,
æn's]/ x}g cuf8L a9]/
k|xf/ u/ zq'nfO{
n8\g] g} eP uP/
z:q;lxt /f]h n8fs'nfO{Æ

pgL sljtfdfkm{t\ cft+ssf/Lx?nfO{\, /L; Ps;+u ub}{ lgbf]{z JolQmx?sf] xTof gu/ eGg] ;Nnfxf lbPsL l5g\ . pgsf sljtfdf hxf+ a;] klg cfkm"n] ;s]sf] ;]jf ;a}nfO{ ug'{k5{ g]kfndf dfq x}g xfdLn] h'g e"dLdf a:of}+ sd{ ul//x]sf 5f}+ Toxf+ klg plQs} xfd|f] ;]jfsf] cfjZostf 5 / ;s]sf] ;]jf ug'{k5{ eGg] efjgf pgsf sljtfn] ;Gb]z lbPsf 5g\ .

cGt/f{li6"o g]kfnL ;flxTo ;dfh jfl;+6g 8L;L k|sfzs /x]sf] of] æk|0fo-k|;ËÆ sljtf ;+u|xsf] k|sfzgsf nflu nfUg] vr{ sljoqLs} bfO tyf g]kfnL o'y cu{gfOh]zg jfl;+6g 8L;Lsf ;+:yfksdWo]sf k"j{ cWoIf l;dg 9'+ufgfn] lbPsf] s'/f klg cg];f; jfl;+6g 8L;Lsf cWoIf eLd /]UdLn] sljtf ;+u|xsf] k|sfzsLo dfkm{t\ hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ .

afdf 9'+ufgf gj sljoqLdfq x}gg\ pgL Ps 5f]/fsL cfdf / Ps s'zn u[x0fL To:t} pHHjn e6\6/fO{sL wd{kTgL klg x'g\ .

dgf]4]u gfds k|jGw ;+u|x klg k|sfzGd'v /x]sf] hfgsf/L ;f]xL sljtf ;+u|xsf] clGtd k[i7df hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] 5 .

/+uLg se/df aflx/ o'jfo'jtL æk|0fo-k|;ËÆd} af+lwPsf] lrq sf]l/P/ sljtf;+u|x cem cfsif{s agfOPsf] k':tssf] d"No cd]l/sfdf tLg 8n/ /flvPsf] 5 eg] g]kfndf d"No #) ?k}of+ /flvPsf] 5 . sf7df8f}+s} OGb|]0fL 5fkfvfgfdf d'b|0f ul/Psf] k':tssf] ;jf{lwsf/ cg];f;;+u ;'/lIft /flvPsf] 5 .

cft+s

k|]d ;+u|f}nf
l5d]sL uf+pm, elh{lgof

d]/f] sfgdf cft+s, g/dfOnf] uLt eP/ u'lGh+b}5
d]/f] dfq[e"dLdf cft+s, hLjg / d[To'sf] syf eP/ lx+8b}5
d]/f] uf+pdf cft+s, l5d]sLsf] Aoyf eP/ aNe+mb}5
d]/f] 3/df cft+s, zf]sfs"n eP/ 8f+sf] 5f]8\b}5 .

slt kfkL x'+bf] /x]5 cft+s, csf{sf] kL8fdf xf+:g ;Sg]
slt hflt x'+bf] /x]5 cft+s, cfkmGtsf] kL8fdf ?g ;Sg]
w]/} k6s b]v]sf] 5' cft+snfO{ cf+z' ;'lsGh]n /f]Psf]
w]/} k6s b]v]sf] 5' cft+snfO{ d'v} b'lvGh]n xf+;]sf]
xf,] ?g' / xf+:g'sf] axfgfdf,
cft+s - slxn] d[To' h:t} c+Wof/f]] eP/ cfp+5
cft+s - slxn] hLjg h:t} pHofnf] eP/ cfp+5
cft+s - d[To'sf qf;x?df hLjgsf cf;fx? eP/ cfp+5 .

/fhgLltzfZqdf st} k9]sf] ly+P ;Qf eg]sf] cft+s xf] /]
;Qfdf a:g' jf ;Qf vf]:g' klg cft+s xf] /],
;x]/ a:g' jf lab|f]xdf p7\g' klg cft+s xf] /],
dxfef/tsf] o'4 t b'O6f cft+ssf 6Ss/sf] a]hf]8sf] gd"gf xf] /]
elgG5, kf08jnfO{ sf}/jsf] cft+sn] ddf{xt agfPsf] lyof] /]
sf}/jnfO{ kf08jsf] cft+sn] hnfPsf] lyof] /] .

cft+sx? Kfm+9L km'nfP/ h'4}5g, kn{osf/L sDkgx? Af9b}5g
dflgln+pm ls dxf+e"sDksf em6\sfx? cfPsf5g
kxf8x? 9Ng ;S5g ;lqmo Hjfnfd"vLx? K.8\ls+bf
j:tLx? H.Ng ;S5g nfefx? ;lNs+bf
e"sDk b'O6f ultdfg r§fgsf] 3if{0f xf]
e"sDk b'O6f cft+ssf] 6Ss/sf] lgrf]8 klg xf]
To;}n], e"sDk Gofosf] kIfdf x'g'k5{ d]/f] dfq[e"dLdf
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