|
;dfrf/ ;+If]k 
clen]vfno
;"rgf k|ljlw d]nf;DkGg
ljkZjL
hgj/L @*, @))$
ut zlgjf/b]lv jL/]Gb| cGt/f{li6|o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|df eO/x]sf] Sofg OGkmf]6]s -;"rgf
k|ljlw d]nf_ cfh ;DkGg eof] . pQm d]nfdf sDo'6/ ;ˆ6j]o/, xf8{j]o/, OG6/g]6
;le{; k|f]efO8/, ;'/Iff;DaGwL pks/0f, On]S6|f]lgS; ;fdfg, lzIf0f tyf tflnd ;+:yfx?,
;"rgf k|ljlw;Fu ;DalGwt ljleGg pks/0fsf Aoj;foLs ;+:yf cflbn] cfcfˆgf
:6nx? /fv]sf lyP . d]nfsf] le8ef8n] ;"rgf k|ljlwdf ?lr /fVg] dflg;x? lgs}
ePsf] efg kfb{Yof] . ahf/d"No eGbf w]/} sd d"Nodf ;fdfgx? a's u/fpFb}
/ laqmL ug{ Aoj;foLx? EofOgEofO b]lvGy] .
;f] d]nfdf sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfnosf ljBfyL{x?n] agfPsf] dfG5]sf] cg'xf/ lrGg]
km]; l86]S6/ ;ˆ6j]o/, lel8of] sGk|m]lG;ª ;ˆ6j]o/ tYff c6f]d]l6s
Eofs'd lSng/ , k'Nrf]s OlGhlgol/ª SofDk;sf ljBfyL{x?n] cfljZsf/ u/]sf]
an v]Ng] /f]af]6 cflb k|bz{gLsf cfsif{0f lyP .
pQm cj;/df sDo'6/ OlG:6Ro'6x?n] laleGg sf]if{x?sf nflu @) b]lv !)) k|ltzt;Dd
5'6 lbg] 3f]if0ffsf ;fy ljBfyL{x? tfGg k|oTg ul//x]sf klg b]lvGy] .
alS;ª v]nf8L yfkfsf] gofF ;kmntf
u'0f/fh n'O6]n
P6\nfl06s l;6L, hgj/L @*
g]kfnL k|f]km];gn alS;ª v]nf8L b]ljGb yfkfn] cd]l/sfsf] P6\nfl06s l;6Ll:yt
6"lksfgf xfp;df oxL hgj/L @# df cfof]lht k|f]km];gn alS;ª k|ltof]lutfdf
ljho k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .
ljut h'nfO{sf] Ps k|ltof]lutfdf g/fd|f] c;kmntf k|fKt u/]b]lv cf/fd ub}{ a;]sf
yfkfn] o; k|ltof]lutfsf] nflu d]lS;sf]sf k|l;4 v]nf8L dfls{tf] nf]k]hnfO{ Rofn]Gh
u/]sf lyP . ^ /fp08 tf]lsPsf] o; k|ltof]lutfsf] kfFrf}+ /fp08df yfkfn] nf]k]hnfO{
gs cfp6 u/]sf lyP .
g]kfnsf] rGb|-;"o{ c+lst em08f ;fydf lnP/ cd]l/sfsf] e"lddf alS;ª
v]Nb} cfPsf yfkfn] xfn;Dd cd]l/sfdf @# a6f k|f]km];gn k|ltof]lutf v]ln;s]sf
5g\ . tL k|ltof]lutfx? dWo] @) j6fdf pmgn] ;kmntf xfl;n u/]sf 5g\ eg] # j6fdf
k/fho . tL # j6f k|ltof]lutfx?df klg lg0ff{osx?n] ;xL d"Nof+sg gu/]sf]
pmgsf] cf/f]k 5 . @) j6f lht]sf k|ltof]lutfx?df !# j6fdf k|lt:kwL{nfO{ gs-cfp6
u/]sf lyP . nfO6 j]6 ;d'xsf v]nf8L yfkfsf] nflu of] g/fd|f] /]s8{ eg] xf]Og
.
cfkm" g]kfn / g]kfnLx?sf] gfd ;+;f/df lrgfpgsf] nflu cfkm\gf] clGtd tfut;Dd
klg alS;ªdf nl8/xg] 5', eGg] yfkf cufl8 eG5g\-æd d]/f] j]6 ;d'xsf
;+;f/s} 6k 6]g :yfgdf /x]sf v]nf8Lx?nfO{ Rofn]Gh ug{ d tof/ 5' .Æ
b]ljGbsf 6"]g/ tyf Aofj:yfks a'r ldr]n eG5g\- b]ljGbsf] cufl8 hf] ;'s}
v]nf8L pEofOlbP klg x'G5, d ljZj:t 5' .
/fhfsf] cGtjf{tf{ ;+ljwfgsf] dd{ ljkl/t
O{d]naf6
hgj/L @*, @))$
/fhf 1fg]Gb|sf] 6fOd ;fKtflxsdf k|sflzt cGtjf{tf{nfO{ lnP/ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
-Pdfn]_n] Wofgfsif{0f u/]sf] 5 .
hgj/L @* tfl/vdf s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfnosf ;lrj cd[ts'df/ af]x/fsf gfdaf6 k|sflzt pQm
k|]; jQmJodf elgPsf] 5,
æg]skf -Pdfn]_ n] pQm cGtjf{tf{df /fhfaf6 cleJoQm ljrf/x?nfO{ ax'bnLo
k|hftGq, ;Dj}wflgs /fhtGq / g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] dd{ Pj+ efjgf
ljk/Lt /x]sf]
7fGb5 .
;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bn / /fhf ;d]t ;lDjwfgsf] efjgf cg'?k Pstfa4 eP/ ;xdltsf
;fy d'n'sdf JofKt czflGt / ;+s6 ;dfwfg ug{ cl3 a9\g'kg]{ a]nfdf /fhfåf/f
cGtjf{tf{df JoQm ePsf ljrf/x?n] oltj]nf emg\ cljZjf; / åGå a9fpg]
sfd u/]sf] 5 .
PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] /fhtGq ;lDjwfg dftxtsf]] /fhtGq xf] . ;Dj}wflgs /fhfn] /fhgLlt
/ zf;g ub}{g . ;lDjwfgn] lbPsf] e"ldsf jfx]s /fhfsf] s'g} /rgfTds jf ljz]if
e"ldsf x'Fb}g . /fhfn] zf;gdf e"ldsf vf]Hg] / cfkm\gf s'/f ;'gfpg
jf cfkm\gf] ultljlw b]vfpg hgtfdf hfg] xf] eg] To:tf] /fhtGq ;Dj}wflgs geP/
;lqmo /fhtGq aGg k'U5 . ;lqmo /fhtGqsf] lj?4df hgtf / /fhgLlts bn ;8sdf plqg'
:jfefljs x'G5 . ;lqmo /fhtGq ljjfbdf k5{ / To;n] hgtf;Fu åGå ug{
k'U5 . ut @)%( ;fn c;f]h !* ut]b]lv o:t} ultljlw a9]sf]n] clxn] g]kfndf /fhtGq
ljjfbdf k/]sf] 5 / hgtf cfGbf]ngdf plqPsf 5g\ .
@)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngn] ax'bnLo k|hftGq / ;Dj}wflgs /fhtGq cg'?k cl3 a9\g]
;xdlt sfod u/]sf] 5 .
/fhgLlts ;xdlt sfod ub}{ b]znfO{ zflGt / cu|udgsf] af6f]tkm{ 8f]¥ofpg ;a}
lhDd]jf/ eP/ cl3 a9g'kg]{ a]nfdf /fhfaf6 åGå / cljZjf; a9fpg] ljrf/x?
cleJoQm x'g' lhDd]bf/Ljf]w 7xb}{g . ;DalGwt ;a}n] cfkm"nfO{ ;+ljwfgn] lbPsf]
lglb{i6 e"ldsf cg'?k cl3 a9fpg' k5{ . To;f] ePg eg] b]z lg/Gt/ åGå
/ d'7e]8tkm{ hfg] 5 / o;sf] lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt kIfn] g} lng'kg]{5 .
g]skf -Pdfn]_ ax'bnLo k|hftGqnfO{ sdhf]/ kfg]{, hgtfdf lglxt /x]sf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf,
/fhsLo ;Qf / sfo{sf/L clwsf/nfO{ s6f}tL ug]{, hgclwsf/nfO{ ;Lldt ug]{ / lg/+s'z
/fhtGqnfO{ :yflkt ug]{ s'g} klg k|of;sf lj?4 lg/Gt/ ;+3if{/t /xg] 5 . g]kfndf
/fhfsf] e"ldsf / cleJolQm g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;lDjwfg @)$& cg'?k x'g'k5{
eGg] s'/fdf xfdL ;a}sf] Wofgfsif{0f ug{ rfxG5f}+ .Æ
8]Ge/df ;/:jtL k"hf
g]kfnL kf]i6 k|ltlglw
hgj/L @*, @))$
hgj/L @^, @))$ sf lbg cGt/f{li6|o g]kfnL ;flxTo ;dfh, sf]nf]/f8f] zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf
lj=;+= @)^) ;fnsf] ;/:jtL k"hf dgfOPsf] s'/f 8]Ge/l:yt ;dfhn] k|]lift ;dfrf/df
hgfPsf] 5 .
8]Ge/l:yt uf]ljGbfh /]i6/f+df ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf g]kfnL ;d'bfosf] pNn]vgLo
pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . lxGb" wfld{s dfGotf cg';f/ df3 z'Sn k~rdLsf lbg
1fg, a'l4 / ljBfsL b]jL ;/:jtL dftfsf] k"hf cf/fwfgf ug]{ ul/G5 .
;f] cj;/df cd]l/sfdf /xg' ePsf g]kfnL ;+uLt kmf+6sf Vofltk|fKt ;+uLtsf/ Pj+
n]vs a'n' d'sf?ªnfO{ cg];f;, sf]nf]/f8f] zfvfn] ;Ddfg ;d]t u/\of] .
;dfhsf cWoIf 1fg]Gb| ubfnsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg pQm >i6f ;Ddfg sfo{qmddf ;/:jtL
k"hfsf] wfld{s tyf ;f+:s[lts dxTjsf af/]df 8f= ljho/fh zdf{n] rrf{ ug'{ePsf]
lyof] eg] ;Ddflgt >i6f dsf?ªsf] JolQmTj / s[ltTjsf af/]df rrf{ ub}{
jxf+sf] kl/ro u+uf rf}nfufO{+n] u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ;Ddflgt
>i6f dsf?ªn] cfk'mn] ;+uLt / ;flxTosf] If]qdf hfgL ghfgL u/]sf sfdx?
lg:sfd v]/ uPg5g\ eGg] dxz'; o; ;Ddfg sfo{qmdn] u/fPsf] / d'n'sb]lv olt 6f9f
/x+bf klg g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTo Pj+ ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0fk|lt sdL gb]lvPsf]df cfk'm
Hofb} k|efljt ePsf] / of] ;'vb ;dfrf/sf] b"t ag]/ d g]kfn hfg]5' / ;a}nfO{
eGg]5' eGg] arg a4tf JoQm ug'{eof] . pQm sfo{qmd ;dfhsf ;lrj ;'b]z zdf{n] ;~rfng
ug{'ePsf] lyof] .
u|Lgsf8{ sf08df k/]sfx?n] k};f lkmtf{ kfpg]
g]kfnL kf]i6 k|ltlglw
jfl;+ª6g 8L;L @@, @))$
u|Lsf8{sf] 7uLdf k/]sfx?sf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sL ;/sf/ / /f]gfN8
af]uf8f]{;, Zofd'Pn s'?T;sL / OGb|hLt sf}/aLrdf ePsf] d'4fsf] lgZsif{ ca clGtd
r/0ftkm{ k|j]z u/]sf] 5 .
cd]l/sL ;/sf/n] oL tLg hgfnfO{ b08 hl/jfgfsf] lg0f{o klxn] g} ul/;s]sf] lyof]
. clxn] cfP/ pQm sf07df 7uL k/]sfx?nfO{ cd]l/sL ;/sf/n] /fxt lbg] lg0f{o ca
clGtd r/0fdf k|j]z u/]sf] 5 .
cd]l/sL ;/sf/n] pQm 7uL sf08df kLl8t ePsfx?nfO{ ut jif{sf] km]j|'cl/ dlxgfdf
Ifltk"lt{ lbg] lg0f{o adf]lhd kLl8tx?nfO{ cfk"mn] a'emfPsf] /sd /l;b
/ cGo yk hfgsf/L ;lxt cXjfg u/]sf] lyof] .
;f] ;dodf h;n] lgodk"j{s cfkm"n] pQm n kmd{nfO{ a'emfPsf] /sd dfu]sf
lyP ltgLx?sf] lgj]bgnfO{ k'g{ljrf/ u/L ;/sf/n] k|To]s 7uLdf k/]sf JolQmx?nfO{
pgLx?sf] a'emfPsf] /sdsf] /l;b, r]s jf cGo s'g} k|df0f x]/L ljleGg dfqfdf /sd
lkmtf{ ug]{ ePsf] 5 .
tf]lsPsf] ;dokl5 kqfrf/ ug]{x? / olb s;}n] cfkm}+ v]lbg] 8/n] cfkm"n] kfpg]
/sdsf] ljj/0f gk7fpg]x?nfO{ eg] ;/sf/n] /sd glbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
h;n] dfu /fv]sf] /sd eGbf sddfqfdf cfkm\gf k|df0f h'6fPsf lyP ltgLx?nfO{ k|df0f
:j?kdfq /sd lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
pQm ljj/0fdf g]kfnL kf]i6nfO{ k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ s'?T;sL sf08df ;DnUg gePsf
t/ pQm sf08sf af/]df hfgsf/L lng ;/sf/L jlsn;Fu kqfrf/ ug]{ ;+rf/dfWodsf JolQmx?sf]
;d]t gfd /flvPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
;/sf/n] tL 7uL sf08df k/]sfx?sf] /sd lkmtf{ ul/lbg] eGg] lg0f{o u/]sf] eP klg
pgLx?sf] cd]l/sfdf /xg] sfg'gL k|fjwfgsf af/]df eg] s'g} pNn]v u/]sf] 5}g .
olb s;}nfO{ ;/sf/n] lkmtf{ lbg] /sdaf/]df lrQ ga'em]sf] eP To; JolQmn] ;/sf/n]
tf]]s]sf jlsn yf]d; uf]/Dofg;Fu kqfrf/ u/L elh{lgofsf] k"jL{o lhNnf cbfntsf]
Sns{;Fu cfkm\gf] lj/f]w oxL km]j|'c/L !#, @))$ ;Dddf hgfpg ;Sg] 5 . pQm cbfntn]
cfpFbf] km]j|'c/L @& df ;'gjfO{ ug]{ ePsf] 5 .
olb s;}nfO{ ;/sf/n] lbg] /sd lrQ a'e]msf] 5 eg] To; JolQmn] s]xL klg ug'{kg]{
5}g / ;/sf/n] cbfntnfO{ lbg] /sdsf] ljj/0f k]z u/]/ cbfntn] dfg]sf] v08df ;f]
JolQmnfO{ klxnf kqfrf/ u/]sf] 7]ufgfdf r]s k7fpg] 5 .
ljutdf pQm s'?T;sL sf08kZrft\ s]xL JolQmx?n] g]kfnL ;dfhdf ;fdflhs ;]jf ul//x]sf
JolQmx?sf] ;d]t gfdd'l5 ljleGg ?kdf k};f lxgfldgf u/]sf cf/f]k nufpFb} cfPsf
lyP . h'g clxn] cfP/ em'6f ;fljt ePsf] 5 eg] To:tf JolQmx?n] klg olb cfkm"n]
a'emfPsf] /sdsf] oyfy{ ljj/0f g8/fO{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fPsf] eP To; JolQmn]
cfkm\gf] /sd kfpg] ePsf] 5 .
o; 7uL sf08df kg]{ g]kfnLx?sf] ;+Vof olt g} 5 eGg] sL6fg ug{ g;lsP klg xfn cfP/
cfkm\gf] /sd lkmtf{ kfpg]x?df sl/j ! ;o #) hgf /x]sf 5g\ .
@& ;o eGbf a9L JolQmx?nfO{ lu|gsf8{ lbnfO{ lbg] k|nf]egdf kf/L Soflk6n n
kmd{sf gfdaf6 7uL ul/Psf] lyof] .
k|wfg GofowLzdf >]i7
g]kfnL kf]i6 k|ltlglw
sf7df8f}+, hgj/L @!, @))$
;jf]{Rr cbfntsf jl/i7td GofofwLz uf]ljGb axfb'/ >]i7 k|wfg GofofwLzdf lgo'Qm
x'g'ePsf] 5 .
a'waf/b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L >]i7nfO{ pQm kbdf lgo'Qm ul/Psf] /fhb/af/ ;+jfb
;lrjfnon] hgfPsf] 5 .
@)@) ;fndf cltl/Qm lhNnf GofofwLzaf6 ;]jf k|j]z u/]sf >]i7 ;/sf/L clwjQmf,
lhNnf, c~rn, If]qLo x'Fb} @)$* ;fn ebf} !$ ut] ;jf]{Rrdf :yfoL GofofwLz lgo'Qm
x'g'ePsf] lyof] .
e]/L s0ff{nL :jfoQ k|fb]zLo hg;/sf/sf] 3f]if0ff
O{d]naf6
hfh/sf]6 -h'"uf yfkfrf}/_, hgj/L @!, @))$
du/f"t :jfoQ hg;/sf/sf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] b'O{ xKtf klg gljTb} e]/L s0ff{nL
:jfoQ k|fb]zLo hg;/sf/sf] 3f]if0ff hgj/L !( df ePsf] hfgsf/L dfcf]jfbLx?n] lbPsf
5g\ . k|fb]lzs hg;/sf/sf] 3f]if0ff ;efdf xhf/f}+sf] ;+Vofdf lgs} pT;fxhgs ?kdf
;xefuL ePsf] hfgsf/L dfcf]jfbL4f/f k|]l;t ;dfrf/df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;ef hfh/sf]6
lhNnfsf] h'"uf yfkfrf}/df ePsf] lyof] .
pQm 3f]if0ff ;efsf] k|d'v cltltldf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ sf kf]ln6Ao'/f]
;b:o Pjd\ k|jQmf tyf qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb\sf ;x;+of]hs s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f x'g'ePsf]
hfgsf/L ;dfrf/df u/fOPsf] 5 . pQm cj;/df dx/fn] ;Daf]wg ub}{ eGg'eof] -;Qfwf/L
ju{ olta]nf tLa| ;+s6df 5 . ;fdGtL clwgfosTj PlSnPsf] 5 . ljb|f]xsf] j:t'ut
cfwf/ tof/ x'"b} uPsf] 5 . ca ljb|f]xsf nflu uf"paf6 zx/ hfg'k5{ .
sfo{qmdsf csf{ jQmf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ - dfcf]jfbL_ sf ;b:o ;'/]z l;+x x'g'x'GYof]
. pxf"n] n8fO" n8]/ k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ wkfPsf oxf"sf ;fx;L hgtfn]
ca s]Gb| g} sAhf u/]/ k"0f{ d'Qm x'g of]ubfg lbg'k5{ eGg'eof] .
sfo{qmddf ;}Go Ao'/f]sf ;b:o k|tLsn] klg af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .
h'Dnf, b}n]v, ;'v{]t, hfh/sf]6 ;a}lt/af6 xhf/f}+ hgtf xftdf em08f / afhfufhf;lxt
sfo{qmddf ljxfgb]lv tLg ah];Dd cfO/x]sf lyP .
sfo{qmddf cfp"b} ubf{ cfd;ef ePsf] Ps 306f k"j{ gfxf8f eGg] 7f"pdf
x]lnsf]K6/af6 zfxL ;]gfn] hgtfnfO{ cGwfw'Gw uf]nL jiff{Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf
;xefuL x'g cfPsf / Toltv]/ vfgf vfO/x]sf ahf? ufh;sf hoaxfb'/ rnfpg]sf] xTof
eof] . b'O{ hgf ;fdfGo 3fOt] eP . Ps hgf :yfgLo hgtfsf] 3/ Wj:t eof] / pgsf
rf/ j6f e}+;L ;d]t dfl/P . hldgaf6 cfO/x]sf ;]gfnfO{ hgldlnl;ofn] k|lt/f]w u/]/
nv]6]sf lyP .
pQm lbg 3f]if0ff ePsf] hg;/sf/df @% ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . h;df cWoIf, pkfWoIf / ;b:ox?df
qmdzM v8\uaxfb'/ la= s, sfnLaxfb'/ dNn, Clif uf}td, /fdaxfb'/ af]xf]/f, 1fg'
a:g]t , lji0f' la= s= , 6]saxfb'/ /fjn, uh]Gb| dxt, g}gk|;fb kxf8L, ly/axfb'/
sfsL{, k|]daxfb'/ /f]sf, cd/ la= s=, sdn yfkf, gj/fh l;+x, l5l/ª nfdf,
;Ltf g]kfnL, ;/:jtL kf08], gj/fh wfdL, ;f]gfd UofNh]g nfdf, g/]z e08f/L, u0f]z
;nfdL /x]sf5g\ .
3f]if0ff ;efsf] cWoIftf v8\u la= s=, ;~rfng g/]z e08f/L, :jfut efif0f sfnLaxfb'/
dNnn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .
df3 # / $ ut] b'O{ lbg hgk|ltlglwsf] /fhgLlts e]nf ePsf] lyof] . ;f]xL e]nfn]
kbflwsf/Lsf] rog u/]sf] lyof] .
e]nfdf pkl:yt hgk|ltlglwx?nfO{ dx/f / ;'/]zn] gof" ;Qf ;~rfngsf ;fy} /fli6"o
cGt/f{li6"o ljifodf k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
;'/Iff kmf}hn] sxfF s] u/]
O{d]naf6
hgj/L @!, @))$
;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}h / ;z:q dfcf]jfbL lar ePsf] bf]xf]/f] le8Gtx?df @)^) df3
& ut] bf]nvf lhNnfsf] uf]+u6fdf # hgf, ^ ut] bf]nvf lhNnfsf] nfO;]kdf &
hgf / l;+u6L vf]nfdf @ hgf, DofUbL lhNnfsf] un]Zj/df ! hgf / % ut] bf]nvf lhNnfsf]
u'h{kfdf ! hgf tyf df3 @ ut] t]x"y'd lhNnfsf] l;d|f vf]nfdf @ u/L hDdf
!^-;f]x"_ hgf dfcf]jfbLx?sf] d[To' ePsf] s'/f ;'/Iff kmf}hn] k7fPsf] ;dfrf/df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
;'/Iff kmf}hn] ljleGg 36gf:ynx?af6 aGb's gfn !, k]:tf]n gfn @, /fp08x?, 7'nf]
dfqfdf ljleGg lsl;dsf adx?, Knfli6s u[g]8, ljB'to w/fkdf k|of]u x'g] pks/0fx?
tyf %) s]=hL=lhn]l6g a/fdb u/]sf] ;dfrf/df pNn]v 5 .
To;}u/L zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] x]lnsf]K6/ @)^) df3 % ut]sf] !! ah] ljxfg cfk\mgf]
lgoldt sfo{sf] nflu hfh/sf]6 lhNnfsf] h'Fufyfkfrf}/ If]qdfly pl8/x]sf] a]nf
xltof/ af]sL 6fpsf]df /ftf] km]6f afFw]sf nueu # ;o hgf hlt ;z:q dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{
b]lv glhs uO{ Plsg ug{ vf]Hbf ;]gfsf] x]lnsf]K6/nfO{ tnaf6 crfgs kmfo/ vf]n]sf]
x'Fbf x]lnsf]K6/af6 ad4f/f k|ltsf/ ul/Psf]df dfcf]jfbLtkm{ s] slt Iflt eof]
xfn;Dd yfxf gePsf] / pQm If]qdf vf]htnf;sf] nflu yk kmf}h kl/rfng eO;s]sf] hfgsf/L
klg ;'/Iff kmf}h4f/f k|]lift ;dfrf/df pNn]v 5 .
;'/Iff kmf}hsf Ps hgfsf] d[To'
ptf @)^) df3 ^ ut] DofUbL lhNnfsf] un]Zj/df ;'/Iff kmf}h / dfcf]jfbLlar ePsf]
bf]xf]/f] le8Gtdf ;'/Iff kmf}hsf !-Ps_ hjfgsf] d[To' ePsf] s'/f klg ;'/Iffkmf}h4f/f
k|]l;t lj1lKtdf hgfOPsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbL4f/f dfl/P
@)^) df3 % ut] DofUbL lhNnfsf] l/Ý]af]6df dfcf]jfbLx?n] laB'tLo w/fk
ljikmf]6 u/fpFbf gfRof{Ë uf=lj=;=# a:g] pbL;'jf uj'{hfnfO{ 36gf:ynaf6 pkrf/sf]
nflu n}hfFbf n}hfFb} af6f]df g} d[To' ePsf] 5 . pQm cj;/df cGo kfFr hgf ;j{;fwf/0f
ulDe/ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ .
To;}u/L df3 ^ ut] bf]nvfsf] nfO{;]kdf dfcf]jfbLx?sf] uf]nL tyf ;s]6 ad k|xf/af6
@ hgf ;j{;fwf/0f 3fOt] ePsf] s'/f klg ;'/Iffkmf}h4f/f k|]l;t ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf]
5 .
bf]ifLdfly sf/jfxLsf] dfu
g]kfnL kf]i6 k|ltlglw
sf7df8f}+, hgj/L @), @))$
z'/Iff kmf}h4f/f dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+:yf;Fu ;DalGwt lbg]z/fh k|;fO{+dfly ul/Psf]
Hofbltsf] ljleGg @* JolQm tyf ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] lj/f]w hgfpFb} ;/sf/4f/f 36gfsf]
5fgljg u/L bf]ifLdfly sf/jfxL ug{ cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\ .
ut hgj/L !# tfl/vsf] dWo /flt ;'/Iff kmf}hn] 3/ 3]/fp u/L k|;fO{+dfly lg3f{t
lk6]sf] lyof] .
ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yf tyf JolQmx?4f/f hf/L ul/Psf] pQm lj1lKtdf /fli6|o tyf cGt/f{li6|o
dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{ pQm 36gfk|lt lgZkIf 5fgljg u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sfg'g
adf]lhd ;hfo ug{ P]Soj4 x'g cfXjfg ul/Psf] 5 .
6f]/f]G6f]df g]kfn Sofgf8f lbj; sfo{qmd
g]kfnL kf]i6 k|ltlglw
6f]/G6f] hgj/L @), @))$
g]kfn / Sofgf8faLr ;DaGw ufl;Psf] #( jif{ k'u]sf] pknIodf hgj/L !* tfl/vsf lbg
g]kfn Sofgfl8og sDo"lg6L ;le{;];\ (NCCS)
sf] cfof]hgfdf g]kfn Sofgf8f lbj; sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] s'/f Sofgf8fl:yt uf]ljGb
l;+x /fjtn] g]kfnL kf]i6nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] 5 .
;g\ !(^% b]lv g]kfn / Sofgf8f aLrsf] bf}To ;DaGw :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] . oxL d}qL
;DaGwsf] ;Demgfy{ g]kfn Sofgfl8og sDo"lg6L ;le{;];\ (NCCS)
n] 4f/f cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm sfo{qmddf 6f]/f]G6f]df a;f]af; ug]{ g]kfnLx?sf]
hd36 /x]sf] lyof] .
of] sfo{qmd ljut tLg jif{b]lv Sofgf8f lbj; (Nepal
Canada Day) sf ?kdf dgfOFb} cfO/x]sf] 5 .
ljutdf h:t} o; jif{ klg NCCS n] Sofgf8sf]
cG6fl/of] k|fGtsf :yfgLo AolQmTjnfO{ af]nfP/ g]kfn / Sofgf8f aLrsf] d}qL ;DaGw
af/] k|sf; kfg]{ cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/fpg'sf ;fy} ljljw ;fF:s[lts
sfo{qmd k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . k/Dk/fut dfGotf cg'?k k~rsGofaf6 ljb]zL cltlysf]
:jfut u/fpb} Pj+ kfg;df aQL afn]/ sfo{qmdsf] z'ef/De u/fP/ g]kfn / Sofgf8f aLrsf]
d}qL ;DaGw af/] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf cG6fl/of] k|fGtLo ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL 8fN6g
d]s\ luG6Lsf] z'esfdgf kq sfo{qmdsf pb\3f]ifs lji0f' pkfWofon] k9]/ ;'gfpg'
eof] . ;f]xL cj;/df l;6L sfpG;"n/ kd d]s sf]onn] 6f]/f]G6f]df /x]sf] dN6LsNr/df
g]kfnL sDo"lg6Lsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] atfpb} g]kfnLx?df
cfOkg]{ s'g}klg ;d:ofsf nflu cfk\mgf] ;/sf/ ;b}j ;xof]uL /xg] s'/f atfpFb} pxfFn]
:jf:Yo dGqL hf]h{ l:dy/Dofgn] cfk\mgf] Ao:ttfsf sf/0f pkl:yt x'g c;dy{ ePklg
oxfF a;f]af; ug]{ g]kfnLx?sf] lhDd]af/L Sofgf8f ;/sf/n] lnPsf]n] Sofgf8fnL gful/s
;/x g} g]kfnLx?n] klg ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/x? pkef]u ug{ kfpg] 5g\ / g]kfnLx?nfO{
s'g} klg k|sf/sf sl7gfO{ cfOk/]df NCCS
n] cG6fl/of] ;/sf/nfO{ cjut u/fP cfkm"n] klg To;df ;xof]u ug]{ elg k7fPsf]
;Gb]z ;'gfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
To:t} pQm sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly hh{ a|fpg sn]hsf k|fWofks >LdtL nLg a|fgg\n]
cfk\mgf] ljsf; kl/of]hgf sfndf g]kfndf /xbfa:bfsf] tLtfdL7f cg'ej ;'gfpb} xfnsf]
cj:yfk|lt lrGtf AoSt ug'{eof] .
g]kfn sDo"lg6L 8]e]nkd]G6 kmfp08];gsf 6f]gL d]s8nn] cfk\mgf] kmfp08];gsf]
p2]Zo g} g]kfnsf] ljsf; /x]sfn] o;df ;a}sf] ;xof]usf] cfjZostf dfly k|sf; kfg'{
eof] . sfo{qmddf g]kfnsf nflu cj}tlgs dxfjfl0fHob"t 8f= s'~h/ zdf{, NCCS
sf cWoIf Zofd dxqf, k"j{ cWoIf ljZj jdf{, ;lrj s]bf/ zdf{ / ;b:o s[i0f
k|wfgn] klg cf cfk\mgf] dGtAo AoSt ug'{ ePsf] lyP .
sfo{qmdsf] bf];|f] r/0fdf ljljw ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmd cGtu{t :jl0f{df u'?Ë,
cg'zofgf uf}td, PlGhnf >]i7, jiff{ jdf{, ?dL >]i7, ljwfg jdf{, :j]R5f
kf]v/]n, b[i6L /fjt, k|lti7f e08f/L, d]/Luf]N8 e08f/L, g]ef kfqj+z, zlj1f pkfWofo
cflbsf dgdf]xs g[Ton] pkl:yt bz{snfO{ df]lxt kfl/lbPsf] lyof] eg] lbk lai6,
k|ljg zdf{, dx]z, Ptjfn, Ph], (clelht e08f/L) ljdfg >]i7, :jod\ kf]v/]n,
s'zn k|wfg, c+;'n df]Qmfg, x/L l;jfsf]6L, cfnf]s >]i7, cfl;; >]i7, ;ldk
alhdo, , o;:jL l;jfsf]6L, c?g >]i7, ;?g >]i7sf ;'/Lnf uLtx?n] bz{snfO{
g} pQ]lht kf/L lbP/ d~rdf g[To u/fpg afWo u/fO lbPsf] lyof] . To:t} uf]laGb
/fjt / :jod\ kf]v/]nsf xfF:oAoU+on] bz{snfO{ dL7f] dgf]/~hg kl:slbPsf] lyof]
. ;'/h >]i7sf] k|fljlws ;xof]u / lgoGq0fdf ;+rflnt sfo{qmdnfO{ uf]laGb /fjt
/ ef/tL ;fksf]6fn] pb\3f]if0f ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
;/Iff kmf}h4f/f dfcf]jfbL dfl/P
Od]naf6
hgj/L !@, @))$
;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}h / ;z:q dfcf]jfbLx? lar ePsf bf]xf]/f] le8Gtx?df k'if @^
ut] tfKn]h'Ë lhNnfsf] k]bfËdf # hgf, wg'iff lhNnfsf] k'ijnk'/df !
hgf, vf]6fË lhNnfsf] cf]v|]df ! hgf, tyf k'/ @% ut] uf]/vf lhNNffsf] af/kfsdf
@ hgf / af/f lhNnfsf] lrsfgLdf Ps hgf u/L hDdf cf7 hgf dfcf]jfbLx?sf] d[To'
ePsf] s'/f ;'/Iffkmf}h4f/f k|sflzt ;dfrf/df pNn]v 5 .
36gf:ynx?af6 ;'/Iff kmf}hn] aGb's gfn !, k]:tf]n gfn !, uf]nLx?, laleGg lsl;dsf
adx?, laB'lto w/fkdf k|of]u x'g] pks/0fx?, laikmf]6s kbfy{x?, ljljw aGbf]a:tLsf
;fdfgx? tyf b:tfj]hx? a/fdb u/]sf] s'/f ;'/Iff km}fh4f/f k|sflzt lj1lKtdf hgfOPsf]
5 .
dfcf]jfbL la|u]8 sdf08/ ;lxt ;f]x| hgf4f/f cfTd;dk{0f
Od]naf6
hgj/L !@, @))$
dfcf]jfbL kmf}hL b:tfsf pkNnf] :t/sf JolQmx?dWo] klZrdL l8lehg cGt/ut e]/L s0ff{nL
lau|]8sf sdf08/ xf]d k|sfz >]i7 / ;]tL dxfsfnL sDkgLsf sdf08/ hfg' 5GTofnn]
;'/Iff kmf}h ;dIf cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf] s'/f ;'/Iff kmf}h4f/f k]|lift ;dfrf/df pNn]v
5 .
o;}u/L ;'v]{t lhNnf /gj/ uf=lj=;=sf uf]s'n xdfn, u9L uf=lj=;=sf g/ axfb'/ /fgf,
aflaofrf}/ uf=lj=;=sL nIdL zfxL, b}n]v lhNnf sl§ uf=lj=;=sL an;/f rGb /
g/ axfb'/ l;Fx, af/f lhNnfsf dgf]h kf;jfg, d'Ggf cG;f/L, tfh dxDdb, Pntfkm cG;f/L
/ laGbf ofbj, bfr'{nf lhNnf a|Dxb]j uf=lj=;=sf lbg]z l;Fx wfdL tyf ;f]n'v'Da'
lhNnfsf ;'hgf /fO{, sfn] sfdL / ;x/dfg /fO{ u/L hDdf ;f]x| hgf dfcf]jfbLx?n]
lautdf cfk"mn] u/]sf] lqmofsnfkk|lt k5'tf] dfGb} ut k'if @@, @# / @% ut]
;'/Iff kmf}h tyf ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no ;dIf cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf] hfgsf/L
klg ;'/Iff kmf}h4f/f k|]lift lj1lKtdf pNn]v ul/Psf]5 .
sfjf{xLdf b'O{ k|x/Lsf] d[To'
Od]naf6
hgj/L !@, @))$
kf}if @^ 6Lsfk'/sf] s}nfnL lhNnfsf] wgu9Lsf] d'Vo r]skf]:6df dfcf]jfbL hgof]4fn]
cfqmd0f ubf{ b'O{ k|x/Lsf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' / Ps hgf uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf] s'/f sdf08
sfof{non] Ps k|]; lj1lKtdfkm{t\ hgfPsf] 5 .
sdf08 sfof{nosf cg';f/ ljutdf klZrdL l8lehg cGt/ut e]/L s0ff{nL lau|]8sf sdf08/
xf]d k|sfz >]i7nfO{ ;'/Iff kmf}hn] s]xL ;docl3 lu/ˆtf/ u/]sf] / xfn
lghnfO{ cfTd;k{0f u/fP/ ;'/Iff km}fhn] dfcf]jfbLsf cGo ;}Go b:tfsf] cfTdjn sdhf]/
agfpg] gofF pkfo /r]sf] hfgsf/L klg u/fPsf 5g\ .
To;}u/L ;'/Iff kmf}h;dIf cfTd;k{0f ul/Psf elgPsfdWo] k|fo ;a}nfO{ ;'/Iff km}fhn]
lu/ˆtf/ u/]sf JolQmx? /x]sf] hfgsf/L klg dfcf]jfbLx?4f/f k|fKt ;dfrf/df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
gf} hgf dfcf]jfbL dfl/P
Od]naf6
hgj/L !), @))$
;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}h / ;z:q dfcf]jfbL lar ePsf bf]xf]/f] le8Gtx?df k'if @$ ut]
kfFry/ lhNnfsf] /fgLag h+undf Ps, lrtjg lhNnfsf] a]nsf]6df Ps tyf k'if @# ut]
l;Gw'nL lhNnfsf] l;kfnLdf kfFr hgf / 8f]6L lhNnfsf] rf}v'§]df @ hgf u/L
hDdf gf} hgf dfcf]jfbLx?sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 .
pQm hfgsf/L ;'/Iff kmf}h4f/f k|]lift ;dfrf/df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
36gf:ynx?af6 ;'/Iff kmf}hn] ;s]6 adx?, laB'lto w/fkdf k|of]u x'g] pks/0fx?,
laikmf]6s kbfy{x?, ljljw aGbf]a:tLsf ;fdfgx? tyf dfcf]fjfbLsf b:tfj]hx? ;d]t
a/fdb u/]sf] k]|lift ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 .
ptf k'if @# ut] eg] afUn'ª lhNnfsf] cf?vs{df ef/tLo ;]gfsf k"j{ ;]gf
6]saxfb'/ e08f/LnfO{ dfcf]jfbLx?n] uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] / ;f]xL lhNnf g/]7fF6L
ljBfnosf cWoIf anaxfb'/ s];L / kmfk/v]tsf g]qnfn pkfWofonfO{ dfcf]jfbLx?n] ckx/0f
u/]sf] ;dfrf/ klg ;'/Iff kmf}h4f/f k|]lift ;dfrf/df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
ad lgis[o kfl/of]
k'if @$ ut] sfZsL lhNnf kf]v/f pkdxfgu/kflnsf, af6'n]rf}/ tyf nfdfrf}/ / ?kGb]xL
lhNnfsf] dfnkf]t sfof{no tyf gu/kflnsf ejgleq dfcf]jfbLx?n] laikmf]6 ug{ /fv]sf]
ljleGg lsl;dsf adx? ;'/Iff kmf}hn] km]nf kf/L lgis[o kf/]sf] 5 ;dfrf/ 5 .
/f]Nkfdf :jfoQ ;/sf/sf] 3f]if0ff
Od]naf6
hgj/L !), @))$
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ n] z'qmaf/ /f]Nkfsf] yjfªsf] hg/Ëzfnfdf
krxQ/ xhf/ hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf du/ft :jfoQ ;/sf/sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ;dfrf/ 5 .
pQm :jfoQ ;/sf/sf] k|d'vdf ;Gtf]if a'9f / pk-k|d'vdf u0f]zdfg k'g /x]sf] s'/f
dfcf]jfbLx?4f/f k]|lift ;dfrf/df pNnv] 5 5 .
;/sf/sf] pb\3f6g k|d'v g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ klZrd sdf08sf O{Grfh{ lbjfs/n] ug'{ePsf]
hfgsf/L dfcf]jfbL4f/f k|]lift ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 .
pQm sfo{qmddf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o, k|jQmf Pjd\ qmflGtsf/L
hgkl/ifb, g]kfnsf pkfWoIf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn] :jfoQ hg;/sf/sf kbflwsf/Lx?sf]
kl/ro / ;ky u|x0f u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] . To;}u/L sfo{qmdnfO{ kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o
/jLGb|, ljKnj / kf;fªn] klg ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . To:t} cg]/f:jljo'
-qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf /fdbLk cfrfo{, cg]d;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sL s]Gb|Lo
pkfWoIf bfdf zdf{, efOrf/fsf tkm{af6 -p/f6g, ef/t_ sf Pd=Pg= /fj'gL, s]xL ;docl3
/f]Nkfsf] kf5fjfªdf zxLb x'g'ePsf a6flnog sld;f/ ljj]s If]qLsL cfdf dNns'df/L
If]qLn] klg ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf] aLraLrdf hgk|lt/f]w ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/ / ;]tL-dxfsfnL ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/n]
;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ cWoIf= k|r08 / qmflGtsf/L
hgkl/ifb, g]kfnsf ;+of]hs afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] z'esfdgf dGtJo kf7 u/]/ ;'gfOPsf]
lyof] . pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj ;Gtf]if a'9f du/, :jfut efif0f sdnf /f]sf /
pb\3f]if0f z?0f af7f du/n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
o;cl3 kf}if @# / @$ ut] du/fFt :jfoQ k|b]zsf ! ;o #) hgf hgk|ltlglwx?sf] ;efn]
;Gtf]if a'9f du/ k|d'v, u0f]zdfg k'g du/ pkk|d'v;lxt @& ;b:oLo sfo{sfl/0fL
lgjf{lrt u/]sf] lyof] . o;sf cGo ;b:ox?df sdnf /f]sf, lsdaxfb'/ yfkf, g]kaxfb'/
s]=;L= cflb /xg'ePsf] 5 . pQm ;efn] z?0f af7fnfO{ hgk|ltlglw ;efsf] cWoIf /
6Lsf a'9fyf]sLnfO{ pkfWoIf ;d]t lgjf{lrt u/]sf] lyof] .
o'4lj/fd eª\u ePotf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] ;DkGg u/]sf sfo{qmdx?dWo] of] ;a}eGbf
7"nf] ;ef /x]sf] bfjL dfcf]fjfbLx?sf] /x]sf] 5 . ;}lgs ck/]zg htftt} a9fPsf]
3f]if0ff u/]sf] ;Qf kIfnfO{ s8f r'gf}lt lb+b} ;DkGg pQm 3f]if0ff ;efn] ;Qfsf]
ks8 /fhwfgL / lhNnf ;b/d'sfdx?df dfq ;Lldt ePsf] / ;Dk"0f{ kxf8L e"-efu
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf] k"0f{ lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] k'li6 u/]sf] 3f]if0ff klg dfcf]jfbLx?n]
u/]sf 5g\ .
af/fdf tLg ;'/IffsdL{sf] d[To'
Od]naf6
hgj/L (, @))$
af/f lhNnfsf] s8\jfdf dfcf]jfbLx?n] kf}if @@ ut] yfk]sf] PDa';df kbf{ tLg hgf
;'/IffsdL{sf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' / kfFr hgf 3fOt] ePsf] s'/f g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
-dfcf]jfbL_ ljz]if s]Gb|Lo sdf08 sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbLsf cg';f/ hgxTof / hgbdg ug{ lx+8]sf ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ PDa';df kfg{ ;kmn
ePsfn] :yfgLo hgtfn] 7"nf] /fxt dx;'; u/]sf 5g\ .
PDa'; ;kmn eO;s]kl5 hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfnsf of]4fx?n] …dfS;{jfb-n]lggjfb-dfcf]jfb
/ k|r08ky - lhGbfjfbsf ;fy} /fhf lj?4 gf/f nufPsf] s'/f klg ;dfrf/df pNn]v ul/Psf]
5 .
;'/Iffkmf}h4f/f dfcf]jfbLx? dfl/P
Od]naf6
hgj/L (, @))$
;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}h / dfcf]jfbL aLr ePsf] le8Gtdf k'if @# ut] ;'g;/L lhNnfsf]
l;h{gfrf]s, dxf]Q/L lhNnfsf] xfnvf]/L / ;Nofg lhNnfsf] d}b'df To:t} tfKn]h'+u
lhNnfsf] ltl/+u]df b'O{ hgf u/L hDdf 5 hgf dfcf]jfbLsf] d[To' ePsf] s'/f ;'/Iff
kmf}h4f/f k]|lift ;dfrf/df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
ptf ;Nofgsf] d}b'df eg] z'/Iff kmf}hsf Ps ;'/IffsdL{sf] d[To' ePsf] s'/f ;'/Iff
kmf}hn] atfPsf] 5 .
pQm cj;/df 36gf:ynaf6 ;'/Iff kmf}hn] ;s]6 adx? ljB'lto w/fkdf k|of]u x'g] pks/0fx?,
ljikmf]6s kbfy{x? nufotsf ljljw b:tfj]hx? ;d]t a/fdb u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .
;'/Iff kmf}h ;]jfdf
Od]naf6
hgj/L (, @))$
k'if @!,@@ / @# ut] emfkf, ;+v'jf;ef, hfh/sf]6, b}n]v / ndh'Ë lhNnfsf ljleGg
Onfsfx?df ;'/Iff kmf}hn] ljleGg ;]jf k'/\ofPsf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 .
;'/Iff kmf}hsf] kxndf ;~rfng u/]sf] ;+o'Qm 3'DtL lzlj/x?af6 * xhf/ # ;o @@ hgfnfO{
:jf:Yo kl/If0f u/L lgz'Ns cf}iflw, % ;o ^( hgfnfO{ gful/stfsf] k|df0f-kq, !@
hgfnfO{ /fxbfgL, () hgfnfO{ a[4eQf, @ ;o *& hgfnfO{ blnt 5fqa[lQ, * hgfnfO{
ckfË k|df0f kq, # ;o hgfnfO{ lgMz'Ns ljplahg tyf sL6gfzs cf}ifwL, @ ;o
@! rf}kfox?nfO{ EoflS;g tyf cf}ifwL, $ ;o ld6/ kfgLsf] kfOk, !% a08n h:tf kftf
tyf ljBfnonfO{ ljleGg lsl;dsf v]ns'bsf ;fdfgx? ljt/0f u/]sf] hfgsf/L ;'/Iff
kmf}h4f/f k]|lift lj1lKtdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
a'; ;/sf/ M u}/sfg'gLnfO{ sfg'gL agfpg] kIfdf
g]kfnL kf]i6 k|ltlglw
jfl;+ª6g 8L;L hgj/L *, @))#
ha /fi6klto r'gfj glhlsb} hfG5 To;kl5 cd]l/sL /fi6|kltn] cfkm\gf] bf];|f]sfn
klg ljho x'g] k|of;df cfk|jf;Lx?sf] ;d:ofnfO{ lnP/ g/dkg b]vfpg]] rng /x]sf]
5 .
o;}u/L cfpFbf] gf]e]Da/df x'g uO/x]sf] cd]l/sL /fi6|kltsf] r'gfjdf cfkm"
k'gM lgjf{lrt x'gsf nflu hh{ 8ANo" a';n] klg cfk|af;L sfg'g;DaGwL gofF
aLn s+u|];df n}hfg] ePsf 5g\ .
k|fo;hf] blIf0f cd]l/sL -:Koflg;_ d'n'ssf cfk|jf;Lx?sf] dtn] km\nf]l/8f nufot
cGo /fHox?df dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng] cg'dfg ul/Psfn] To:tf dtbftfx?sf]
dt tfGgsf nflu jt{dfg /fi6|klt hh{ 8ANo' a';n] cd]l/sfdf sl/j rfnL;b]lv c;L
nfv+sf] ;+Vofdf u}/sfg"gL ?kdf /x]sf cfk|jf;Lx?nfO{ sfg'gL ?kdf cd]l/sf
a;f]af; ug{ kfpg] k|fjwfgsf nflu cd]l/sL s+u|]; ;dIf cfkm\gf] k|:tfj k|:t't
u/]sf 5g\ .
olb pQm k|fjwfg a'; ;/sf/n] eg] h:t} nfu" ug]{ xf] eg] xfn u}/ sfg'gL ?kdf
/x]sf cfk|jf;Lx?nfO{ z'?df tLg jif]{ c:yfoL sfd ug{sf nflu -js{ k/ld6_cg'dlt
lbOg]5 .
pQm sfd ug]{ le;f lngsf nflu cd]l/sfd} /xg'kg]{ eGg] k|fjwfg klg 5}g . olb tkfO{+
cGo s'g} b]zdf x'g'x'G5 eg] / tkfO{+sf nflu cd]l/sfdf sfd klv{/x]sf] 5 eg] tkfO{+n]
pQm le;f cGt/u{t ;lhn} cfpg hfg ;Sg'x'g]5 .
tLg jif{ k5fl8 pQm le;f cfkm\gf] sfd /l/x/x]sf] v08df / cGo sfg'g pNn+3g gul/sg
/lx/xg'eof] eg] To;nfO{ k'gM yKg ;lsg] 5 . t/ slt jif{;Ddsf nflu o;/L yKg ;lsg]
xf] Tof] eg] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5}g .
o;}u/L ;/sf/n] u}/sfg'gLx?nfO{ sfg'gL dfGotf lbO;s]kl5 ;f];n;]So'l/6L sf8{ nufot
cd]l/sL gful/s ;/x h:t} cGo sfg'gL dfGotf k|bfg ul/g] 5 . h;n] ubf{ xfn 7"nf]
;d:of /x]sf] ;jf/L ;fwg kl/ro kq ;d]t cd]l/sfsf k|fo;M /fHox?af6 lng ;lsg] 5
.
a'; ;/sf/n] o:tf c:yfoL sfdbf/x?nfO{ cfkm\gf] b]zdf kmls{Psf v08df oxfF s6fOPsf]
;f];n;]So'l/6L s/ klg ;DalGwt /fi6|x?;Fu ;Demf}tf u/L k7fOg] k|fjwfg ul/g] 5
h;n] ubf{ sfdbf/x?nfO{ cfkm\g} b]zdf kms]{/ hfg d2t k'Ug]5 .
cd]l/sfsf 7"nf 7"nf s[lif kmfd{x?, lgdf{0f sDkgLx? nufotsf ;fdfGo
sfd ug]{x?df u}/cfk|jf;Lx?sf] ;+Vof clwstd b]lvG5 .
a'; ;/sf/sf] o; sbdk|lt cd]l/sL a'l4hLjLx?n] eg] ldl>t wf/0ff b]vfPsf 5g\
. s]xL a'l4hLjLx?n], of] t ljleGg lgod pNn+3g u/]/ u}/ tj/n] al;/x]sf cfk|jf;Lx?nfO{
b08 lbg'sf] abnfdf pkxf/ lbg] sfd ul/Psf] eGb} /f]if k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ .
ptf cd]l/sL :Koflg; a'l4hLjLx? eg] a';sf] of] k|of; ;xL lbzftkm{ uPsf] t/ ;f]r]eGbf
Hofb} g} sd /x]sf] egL pgLx? atfpF5g\ .
o;}u/L cWofudg ;DaGwL ljz]if1x? eg] oxfF /x]sf cfk|af;Lx?nfO{ c:yfoL x}g :yfoL
dfGotf k|bfg u/L ;s];Dd rf8f] cd]l/sL ;dfh;Fu 3'nldn u/fpg'kg]{ h?/L /x]sf]
atfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ .
olb a'; ;/sf/n] ;f]r]cg';f/ s+u|];n] of] jLn kf; u¥of] eg] pQm sfd ug]{
le;f cGtu{t /xg] cfk|af;Lx?n] lu|gsf8{ kfpgsf nflu sfd ul//x]sf] ;+:yfn] :kG;/
ul/lbPsf] v08df pgLx?n] lu|gsf8{sf nflu cfj]bg lbg ;Sg]5g\ .
o;}u/L a'; ;/sf/n] s+u|];nfO{ k|To]s jif{ lbOg] lu|gsf8{sf] ;+Vofdf a[l4 ug{
klg cg'/f]w ug]{ ePsf] 5 .
To;f] t cd]l/sL /fi6|klt /f]gfN8 /]ugn] gf]e]Da/ ^, !(*^ df @& nfv u}/sfg'gL
?kdf cd]l/sf a;f]af; u/]sf ljb]zLx?nfO{ cfddfkmL lbP/ sfg'gL agfPsf lyP .
g]kfnLx?sf nflu s] x'G5 <
Go'of]s{df /xg'ePsf Oldu|]zg sfg'gljb\ vu]Gb| hL;Lsf] wf/0ff eg] a'; ;/sf/n]
ug{ nfu]sf] of] sbd /fd|f] xf] t/ o;af/] k"0f{?kdf s+u|];af6 s:tf] lan
kf; eP/ cfpF5 To;kl5dfq yfxf x'g] atfpg'x'G5 .
cd]l/sfsf] /fli6|o ;'/Iffsf] b[li6sf]0fn] klg u}/sfg'gLx?nfO{ sfg'gL ?kdf n}hfg'
/fd|f] xf] eGg'x'g] sfg'g\ljb\ hL;L of] aLn kf; ePsf v08df w]/} g]kfnLx?n] klg
/fxt kfpg] s'/fdf ljZj:t x'g'x'G5 .
cd]l/sfdf u}/ sfg'gL ?kn] a:g] g]kfnLx?sf] ;+Vof cGo /fi6|sf t'ngfdf Go'gtd
eP klg o; k|fjwfgn] h] hlt ;+Vofdf u}/sfg'gL ?kdf a;]sf 5g\ ltgLx?sf nflu dxTjk"0f{
x'g]5 .
ljutdf u}/sfg'gL tj/n] n'sLl5kL cd]l/sfdf /xL lg/Gt/ sfddf nflu/x]sf g]kfnLx?n]
eg] /f]s5]s lagf g} cfkm\gf kl/jf/nfO{ e]6\g hfg ;Sg]5g\ . sdfOsf] Ifdtf k'u]sf]
v08df pgLx?n] ltgLsf kl/jf/nfO{ klg cd]l/sf leq\ofpg ;Sg] 5g\ . w]/}sf nflu
cfkm" sfg'gL ta/n] a:g kfpg' g} 7"nf] /fxt x'g]5 .
k|x/L bdg aGb ug{ cfu|x
Od]naf6
hgj/L &, @))$
;dfrf/ ;+sng ul//x]sf kqsf/, lagf xftxltof/ lj/f]wdf plqPsf ljBfyL{ tyf cfkm\gf
Joj;flos dfu /flv zflGtk"j{s wgf{ al;/x]sf lzIfs / ;8sdf lx+l8/x]sf a6'jf;d]tdfly
ul/Psf] k|x/L bdgsf] dfgj clwsf/ tyf k|hftflGqs cWoog s]Gb| -;]x'8]{;_ 3f]/
eT;gf{ ub}{ Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt u/]sf] 5 .
hgj/L & df k|]l;t pQm lj1lKtdf cufl8 elgPsf] 5, k|hftGqsf] :yfloTj / sfg"gL
/fHosf] dfu ug'{ cfd g]kfnLsf] g};lu{s clwsf/ / cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/ ePsf]
tYo :d/0f u/fpFb} /fHon] cjnDag u/]sf] cltjfbL bdgsf] k|s[of cljnDa aGb ug{
;]x'8]{; ;/sf/;dIf cfu|x ub{5 .
/fhgLlts :t/df ;j{klIfo ;xdlt vf]hL eO/x]sf a]nf ;/sf/L ;GoGq a9L pbf/ x'g'
kg]{df emg\ cfqmfds / c;lxi0f' aGb} hfg'n] ;+s6 emg\ ulxl/g] lglZrt 5 . ;fy},
tLg} If]qdf ul/Psf] bdgn] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg / dfgj clwsf/sf ljZjJofkL
dfGotfx?nfO{ r'gf}tL lbO/x]sf] 7x/ ;]x'8]{;n] u/]sf] 5 .
;8sdf zflGtk"0f{ k|bz{g ul//x]sf ljBfyL{nfO{ cfqmf]lzt agfpg] / ltgLx?dfly
aa{/tf k"j{s nfl7 a;f{pg], ;dfrf/ ;+sngdf uPsf kqsf/x?nfO{ kl/ro kq b]vfpFbf;Dd
cfqmd0fsf] lzsf/ agfpg] / cfkm\gf] k]zfut dfu /flv zflGtk"j{s wgf{df a;]sf
lzIfsdfly ha/h:tL xftkft ug]{ lqmofsnfkn] ljrf/ tyf cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] dfq
xf]Og k|hftGqsf] g} pkxf; ePsf] 5 .
d+unaf/ ;dfrf/ ;+sngdf uPsf kqsf/x? an/fd aflgof, 3gZofd cf]emf, cho lZfjfsf]6L,
/f]xLt bfxfn, ;Ltf/fd k/fh'nL, k|la0f 9sfn k|x/Lsf] nf7Laf6 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ eg]
;f]xL lbgsf] k|b{zgdf Psbh{g a9L ljBfyL{ / ;8sdf lxl8/x]sf a6'jf;d]t 3fOt] ePsf
5g\ . ;fy} k]zfut dfu /flv a'waf/ lzIff d+qfnosf] k|j]zåf/df wfgf{ al;/x]sf
lgxTyf lzIfsdfly k|x/Ln] xftkft u/L lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] 5 .
;]x'8]{;n] oL ;a} sbdn] /fHo ;+oGq sdhf]/ x'g] / To;sf] kmfObf t];|f] kIfn]
lng] s'/fdf ;r]t x'g;d]t ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif0f{ u/fPsf] 5 .
Nxf];f/sf] /g3g Go"of]s{df
u'0f/fh n'O6]n
Go"of]s{, hgj/L &, @))$
u'?ª hfltsf] gofF jif{ Nxf];f/ Go"of]s{df eJo ?kn] dgfOPsf] ;dfrf/
k|fKt ePsf] 5 . u'?ª -td'_ ;f];fO6L OGskf]{/];g o'=P;=P=sf] cfof]hgfdf
Go"of]s{ SjLG; sfp06Lsf] /]uf] kfs{df hgj/L $ tfl/ssf lbg ;DkGg Nxf];f/
;df/f]xdf pkl:yt ! ;o *) hgf u'?ªx?n] cfpg] Ps jif{ z'e /xf];\ eGg] zGb]z
cfbfg k|bfg u/] .
u'?ª k/Dk/f cg';f/ o; jif{df k|nf] cyf{t afFb/ ju{sf] /fh x'g] ub{5 . o;
gofF jif{df hGdg] aRrfx? afFb/ ju{sf dflgG5g\ . To;}n] pgLx?af6 s;}nfO{ ck;s'g
gk/f];\ eGg] sfdgf klg sfo{qmddf ul/Psf] lyof] .
pQm sfo{qmddf u'?ª -td'_ ;f];fO6L OGskf]{/];g o'=P;=P=sf cWoIf gf/fo0f
u'?ªn] cd]l/sfsf] ljleGg /fHoaf6 pkl:yt ePsf u'?ªx?nfO{ :jfut ub}{
u'?ª ;+:s[ltnfO{ arfpb} n}hfg ;a}nfO{ cfu|x ug'{eof] .
sfo{qmddf z]kf{ 3]w'ª ;f];fO6L cd]l/sfsf cWoIf nfSkf z]kf{, tfdfª
;dfh cd]l/sfsf cWoIf ;'jf; nfdf Pj+ g]kfnL u'?ªx?sf] pTyfgdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpb}
cfPsf cd]l/sL gful/s PGyf]gL tf;Ln] cltlysf] ?kdf Nxf];f/sf] af/]df dGtJo lbg'
ePsf] lyof] eg] aflN6df]/af6 k|ltlglwTj ug'{ x'g] hjfg l;+x u'?ªn] o; ;+:yfnfO{
hftLo eGbf klg ;fdflhs ;+:yfsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug'{ kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ ePsf] lyof]
. cgf}krfl/s ?kdf ul/Psf] ;f] ;df/f]xsf] aLr aLrdf u'?ª klx/gd} g[Tox?
k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . ;'kl/lrt g[To+ugf tf/f u'?ªn] klg g[Todf ;xeflutf
hgfPsL lyOg .
cfGbf]ng t'xfpg] v]nsf] z'?cft
Od]naf6
hgj/L &, @))$
g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_sf cWoIf k|r08n] Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt ub}{ clxn]
b]zdf eO/x]sf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngk|lt cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] P]Soj4tf hfx]/ ug'{ePsf]
5 .
l8;]Da/ ;ft tfl/vsf lbg k|sflzt pQm lj1lKtsf cg';f/ /fhf4f/f /fhgLlts bnx?;Fusf]
e]63f6nfO{ dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfGbf]ngnfO{ t'xfpg] v]nsf ?kdf /fhf4f/f ul/Psf] gf}6+sL
xf] eGb} Oltxf;df k6s k6s wf]vf kfPsf / k|tfl8t ePsf kf6L{sf g]tfx?n] cfhsf]
;+uLg / ;+j]bgzLn df]8df lbUe|dlt eP/ cfkm}+nfO{ cfd hgtf / o'jf ljBfyL{x?sf]
gh/af6 lu/fpg] 5}gg\ eGg] dfcf]jfbLn] 7fg]sf] s'/f klg lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 .
dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r084f/f x:tfIfl/t pQm lj1lKtdf æcfkm\gf] kf6L{n] ;fdGtL
b/af/sf u"lnofuf]nLsf] e|ddf gkl/ ;8sdf cleJoQm u0ftflGqs cfGbf]ngnfO{
lg0ff{os laGb'lt/ 8f]¥ofpg b]zsf ;Dk"0f{ hg-kIfLo /fhg}lts zlQmx?;Fu
xflb{s ckLn u/]sf] 5 .Æ
;'/Iff kmf}h sxfF s] ub}{
Od]naf6
hgj/L &, @))$
;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}h / dfcf]jfbLx?aLrsf] le8Gtdf l;Gw'nL lhNnfsf] l;kfnL Onfsfdf
Ps hgf dfcf]jfbLsf] d[To' ePsf] s'/f ;'/Iff kmf}h4f/f k|]lift ;dfrf/df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
pQm :yfgaf6 ;'/Iff kmf}hn] s]xL aGb's ;d]t a/fdb u/]sf] 5 .
;]gf4f/} k|]lift ;dfrf/sf cg';f/ k'if !& ut] af/f lhNnfsf] l;xfgL uflj;
j8f g+= $ a:g] $& jlif{o lkm/t rf}w/LnfO{ dfcf]jfbLx?n] ckx/0f u/L nu]sf]
/ k'if @! ut]sf lbg ;f]xL uflj; glhs} snfn eGg] 7fpFdf wfl/nf] xltof/ k|of]u
u/L 3fF6L /]6L xTof u/]sf] cf/f]k klg ;]gfn] nufPsf] 5 .
3'DtL lzlj/
k'if @) / @! ut] /fd]5fk lhNnfsf] bf]/Dafdf ;'/Iff kmf}hsf] kxndf ;~rfng u/]sf]
;o+'Qm 3'DtL lzlj/af6 $ ;o ^) hgfnfO{ :jf:Yo kl/If0f u/L lgz'Ns cf}iflw, ! ;o
*% hgfnfO{ gful/stfsf] k|df0f-kq, $ hgfnfO{ /fxbfgL, ! ;o %) hgfnfO{ blnt 5fqa[lQ,
a[4 tyf ckfËx?nfO{ eQf / $)) rf}kfox?nfO{ cf}ifwL ljt/0f u/]sf] s'/f ;'/Iff
kmf}h4f/f k|]lift ;dfrf/df pNn]v 5 .
;flxTo ;dfh :yfkgf
g]kfnL kf]i6 k|ltlglw
Go' x]D;fo/, hgj/L &, @))$
g]kfnL efiff, ;+:s[lt tyf ;flxTonfO{ cd]l/sfdf /x]/ klg lhjGt /fVgsf nflu Go'
x]D;fo/df /x]sf g]kfnLx?n] cGt/f{li6|o ;flxTo ;dfh, Go' x]D;fo/ zfvfsf] :yfkgf
u/]sf 5g\ .
pQm zfvfsf ;lrj sf]dn kf]v/]nsf cg';f/ hgj/L kfFr tfl/vsf lbg :yfkgf ul/Psf]
;f] zfvfsf] k|d'v ;Nnfxfsf/df 8f= lzj uf}td /xg'ePsf] 5 eg] sfo{sf/L ;+:yfks
kbflwsf/Lx?df qmdzM ;+:yfsf] cWoIf pd]z sf]O/fnf, pkfWoIf /fd e08f/L, dxf;lrj
lrGtfd0fL l;jfsf]6L, ;lrj sf]dn kf]v/]n, sf]iffWoIfdf zf]ef sfsL{ / ;b:ox?df
qmdzM 8f= k'0f{ ;'j]bL, ;'/]Gb| cfrfo{, ;'lw/ clwsf/L, dLg uf}td, rGb| s8]l/of,
s~rg s];L, gjLg vgfn, ;Gtf]if g]kfn, lbgaGw' k|]dL / e]if/fh zdf{ /xg'ePsf]
5 .
cfpg] lbgx?df o; ;+:yfsf tkm{af6 efg' holGt, b]jsf]6f holGt / g]kfnL rf8 kj{x?df
;+ul7t eP/ ljleGg ;flxlTos sfo{qmd ub}{ n}hfg] ;f]rfO/x]sf] s'/f klg pQm zfvfsf
;lrj sf]dn kf]v/]nn] g]kfnL kf]i6;Fusf] s'/fsfgLdf atfpg'eof] .
ptf ;f]xL zfvfsf cWoIf pd]z sf]O/fnfn] Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt ub}{ ljljw hft hflt,
efiffefifL, snf ;+:s[lt / ;flxlTos ;+/rgfn] el/Psf] xfd|f] b]z g]kfn Pp6} /fli6|o
g]kfnL efiffsf] wfuf]df km"nx? plgP/ dfnf ag]sf 5f}+ eGb} o;/L :jklxrfg
af]s]sf] g]kfnL efiff, ;+:s[lt snf / ;flxTonfO{ ljZj ;fd' ;d'Ggt Pj+ Jofks agfpg]tkm{
cu|;/ x'g] ;+:yfsf] d'Vo nIo /x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] 5 .
Go"of]s{df g[To k|ltof]lutf
u'0f/fh n'O6]n
Go"of]s{, hgj/L &, @))$
gofF jif{ @))$ sf] cj;/df P;=h]= OG6/6]gd]06sf] cfof]hgfdf ut hgj/L ! tfl/ssf
lbg Go"of]s{sf] HofS;g xfO6df Ps g[To k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg eof] .
gofF jif{sf] cj;/df g]kfnLx?sf] hd36 u/fpg] Pj+ ljb]zL e"lddf g]kfnL snf-;+:s[ltsf]
hu]gf{ ug]{ p2]Zo lnOPsf] pQm sfo{qmddf ;fd'lxs Pj+ Psn u/L hDdf !% k|ltof]uLn]
g[To k|:t't u/]sf] hfgsf/L P;=h]= OG6/6]gd]06sf cWoIf Pj+ g]kfnL l;g] gfos ;'wfD;'
hf]zLn] lbg' eof] .
pkl:yt s/Lj # ;o g]kfnLx?jLr Psfk;df kl/ro Pj+ gof+ jif{sf] z'esfdgf cfbfg-k|bfg
u/]/ z'? ePsf] pQm k|ltof]lutfsf] lg0ff{os d08ndf ;+uLtsf/ /fhsk'/, gflosf s[li6
d}gfnL, cleg]tf ;'j0f{ If]qL, cleg]qL sl/idf dfgGw/ Pj+ l;g] kqsf/ /aL nfld5fg]
/xg' ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf g[To k|:t'tstf{ a;GtLb]jL >]i7 k|yd ePsL lyOg . ;f] sfo{qmdsf]
cGTodf pkl:yt g]kfnL snfsf/x?n] ;fd'lxs g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
vf]6fªdf cf7 ;'/Iffkmf}h dfl/P
Od]naf6
hgj/L ^, @))$
;f]daf/ vf]6fª lhNnf nfld8fF8f df}/]sf] h+undf ck/fGx b'O{ ah]b]lv kfFr
ah];Dd dfcf]jfbL ;]gf / zfxL ;]gf o'lgkmfO8 sdf08sf aLr le8Gt ePsf] ;dfrf/ k|fKt
ePsf] 5 . k"jL{ s]Gb|Lo sdf08sf] 5}6f}+ la|u]8sf] ljz]if sfo{bnn] yfk]sf]
Pl/of PDa';df ;'/IffsdL{ k/]kl5 le8Gt ;'? ePsf] s'/f g]kfnL kf]i6nfO{ k|]l;t
;dfrf/df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
sl/a tLg 306f;Dd rn]sf] pQm le8Gtdf PsLs[t sdf08sf * hgf dfl/Psf / !% hgf uDeL/
3fOt] ePsf] s'/f k"jL{ s]Gb|Lo sdf08cGtu{t ljz]if If]qLo Ao"/f] O~rfh{dfkm{t\
k|]l;t ;dfrf/df pNn]v 5 . ;dfrf/cg';f/ dfcf]jfbLsf] sAhfdf xfn k|x/L xjNbf/
an/fd /fO{ df]/ª zlgZr/], k|x/L hjfg nLnfgfy sf]O/fnf cf]vn9'Fuf /ftdf6],
lhNnf lzIff clws[t xl/k|;fb j:tL lj/f6gu/-%, e'jg cfrfo{ vfg]kfgL clws[t vf]6fª-$,
;"o{/fh l3ld/], vfg]kfgL sd{rf/L /x]sf 5g\ .
;'dgsf cg';f/ …pgLx?nfO{ h]g]ef dxf;lGwcg';f/ Jojxf/ ul/g]5 .Ú pQm
sfjf{xLdf dfcf]jfbLsf ;]gfx?n] OG;f;-# j6f To;sf] & j6f DoflUhg / #)) yfg
uf]nL, P;=Pn=cf/= Ps yfg, #)# /fOkmn @ yfg / To;sf] @)) j6f uf]nL, 6'6' /fOkmn
! yfg / To;sf] %) j6f uf]nL, #^ lu|g]8 @ j6f, 6' O~r df]6f{/sf] ;]n- @ j6f /
cGo aGbf]a:tLsf ;fdfg hg;]gfn] sAhf u/]sf] hfgsf/L klg .
le8Gtdf cfkm\gf]tkm{ b'O{ hgf hg;]gf ;fdfGo 3fOt] ePsf] / b'j}hgf k'gM kmd]{zgdf
g} ;lqmo /x]sf] ;dfrf/df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;]gfsfkm{af6 eg] pQm 36gfdf !@ hgf
;fdfGo 3fOt] ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 .
zfxL ;]gfdfly cfqmd0f
O{d]naf6
sf7dff8f}+, hgj/L %, @))$
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ dfcf]jfbLx?sf tkm{af6 zlgaf/ /flt cf7 ah] dx]Gb| /fhdfu{sf]
gf/fo0fu9 d'lUnª, /fhdfu{df yfk]sf] ljB'tLo w/fkdf kf/L @% hgf zfxL;]gf
dfl/Psf] s'/f dfcf]jfbLx?4f/f k]|l;t ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 .
klZrd s]Gb|Lo sdf08 sfof{no4f/f k|sflzt pQm ;dfrf/cg';f/ a'6jnaf6 sf7df8f}+lt/
uO/x]sf] zfxL ;]gfsf] !^ j6f uf8LnfO{ nlIft u/L dfcf]jfbLx?sf ;]gfn] l;dntfn
/ l/UbL vf]nfsf] aLrdf ljB'tLo w/fk ljikmf]6 u/fPsf lyP .
pQm ljikmf]6kZrft\ s/La b'O{ 306f;Dd bf]xf]/f] le8Gt ePsf] s'/f dfcf]jfbLsf
tkm{af6 k|]l;t ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 . le8Gtsf qmddf dfcf]jfbLsftkm{af6 a6flnog
sdf08/ ;lnd -;"o{axfb'/ yfkf If]qL, gjnk/f;L, hxbf ufh;, a'4rf}s_ / vfª
-uf]/vf_ sf] d[To' ePsf] s'/f dfcf]jfbLsf] ;dfrf/df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
ptf zfxL ;]gftkm{ ePsf] Ifltsf af/]df eg] /Iff dGqfnon] tLghgf dfq dfl/Psf]
/ !* hgf 3fOt] ePsf] ;dfrf/ k|;fl/t u/]sf] 5 .
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