;dfrf/ ;+If]k   clen]vfno

oL gful/ssf] s] bf]if lyof] / Û

ef]h/fh ef6
¿s'd-/f]Nkfaf6 kms]{/, h'g !(, @))$

pRr lzIff ug{ klg logsf nflu 7"nf] e"n eOlbof], clezfk g} x'g nfUof] . dfWolds txsf] ljBfnodf k|fWofgfWofks /x]sf kbdk|;fb Gof}kfg]nfO{ lsg rflxof] / PdPsf] l8u|L Û oxL vf]6 b]lvof] pgdf . /, dfcf]jfbLn] pgnfO{ sf/jfxL ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/] . ut r}tsf] @) ut] dfcf]jfbLn] :s"naf6} s]xL s'/f ug{ 5 egL pgnfO{ $) lbg;Dd ckx/0f u/] .
/f]Nkfsf] g'jfufpF dfljsf k|WffgfWofks kbdk|;fb Gof}kfg]nfO{ clxn] :s"ndf al;;Sg' 5}g . pgL ev{/} dfq dfcf]jfbLaf6 ckx[t eO d"Qm ePsf x'g\ . k|frfo{ Gof}kfg]nfO{ ckx/0f ug{'sf b'O{ sf/0f lyP . dfcf]jfbLsf] lgb]{zg ljkl/t sfd u/]sf] / lzIfs eP/ /fhgLlt ug{ vf]h]sf] . To;kl5sf] ;xfos sf/0f lyof] pRr lzIff ug{ uPsf] .
pgnfO{ ckx/0fsf qmddf /f]Nkfsf] g'jfufpF, h'uf/ cflb jl/kl/sf] uflj;df nlu ljleGg ;f]wk'5 ul/Psf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLn] Gof}kfg]nfO{ s'g} zf/Ll/s oftgf glbPklg dfgl;s oftgf eg] k6s lbPsf] pgn] cg'ej ;'gfP . pgn] eg], …dnfO{ slxn]sfxL t ufpFdf PSn} /fVf]/ ot}st} dfu]/ vfg'xf]nf eGb} oqtq 5f]8\g] uy]{ . s'g} j]nf t pgLx¿n] dnfO{ b'O{ lbg;Dd ToxL ufpFdf a];xf/f 5f]8\y] . ;fob pgLx¿n] d]/f] k/LIf0f ug{ vf]h]sf x'g;S5g\ .Ú
dfcf]jfbLn] pgLdfly nufPsf cf/f]k Tolt uDeL/ b]lvb}gg\ . pgn] cfkm\gf] cf/f]kjf/] k|i6\ofP, …dnfO{ dfljsf] ljBfno x'Fbfx'Fb} lsg Ps dlxgf ljbf lnP/ PdP k9\g uO;\, lsg jGbsf] lbgdf ljBfno ;Grfng ul/;\ . o:t} cf/f]k nufpy], h'g cfkm}df lDfYof Hf:tf] nfUYof] . kl5 pgLx¿sf] hgcbfntdf d]/f] jf/]df 5nkmn eof], d lgbf]{if b]lvP, clgdfq 5f]l8P ljleGg ;t{df .Ú Gof}kfg]nfO{ clxn] dfcf]jfbLn] Ps ;b/d'sfd hfg aGb]h nufPsf] 5 . To:t}, pgnfO{{ casf] lbgdf k|fwfgfWofkssf] ?kdf x}g ls s]jn lzIfs eP/ sfd ug{'kg]{ pgLx¿sf] zt{ 5 . t/, pgL eg] clxn];Dd k|wfgfWofkss} ?kdf sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . ca slxn] s] x'g] xf], cfkm}nfO{ yfxf gePsf] pgL atfpF5g\ .
¿s'd bfgflkknsf x'dnfn h};L klg o:t} lgbf]{if gful/s x'g\, hf] hlxn] klg dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/sf] bf]xf]/f] df/ v]lk/x]sf 5g\ . s]xL jif{ klxn] k|x/L ;]jfdf sfo{/t lyP . pgL ljleGg afWotfjz clxn] 3/d} al;/x]sf 5g\ hfuL/ 5f]8]/ . pgsf a'jfnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] ufpFaf6 lj:yflkt ul/lbPsf] 5 . pgsf] bfgflkkndf Ps k;n klg 5 . k;ndf lvh8L ;fdfg /fv]sf 5g\ . vf;} Jofkf/ klg x'Fb}g, t}klg dfcf]jfbL rGbf dfUb}df pgnfO{ x}/fg 5 .
pgL dfcf]jfbL / ;'/IffsdL{af6 ePsf] b'Joj{xf/k|ltsf] cfqmf]z kf]Vb} em08} ;~rf/sdL{dfly xftkft ug{ k'u] . pgL eGb} lyP, …ltdL kqsf/x¿ xfdL lgbf]{if hgtfnfO{ s] /fxt k'¥ofp5f}+ . dfcf]jfbL cfP xfdLnfO{ ef/L af]sfpF5, ;]gf cfP xfdLnfO{ g} lk6\5 . ltdLx¿n] xfdLx¿sf] ;Dk"0f{ aGbf]j:t u5f]{ t < cjb]lv kqsf/ / dfgjclwsf/jfbL hf];'s} cfPklg ltgn] xfdLaf6 lk6fO vfG5 .Ú
o:t} bf]x/f] kL8f af]Sg]df ¿s'd kf]v/fsf /fdaxfb'/ s];Lsf] cg'ej TolQs} kL8fbfoL 5 . pgL;Fu ePsf] rf/ 3f]8f ;b/d'sfd ef/L af]Sg hfg'kbf{ dfcf]jfbL;Fu k'hL{ lng'k5{ . x/]s dlxgf 3f]8fn] ef/L af]sf];\ gaf]sf];\ k|lt 3f]8f kfFr ;osf b/n] s/ lbg'k5{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ . dfcf]jfbLn] clxn] ;b/d'sfd s'g} klg laqmLhGo j:t' nfg glbPkl5 :yfgLo ufpFn]sf] emg} ljhf]u ePsf] xf] .
s]=;L= clxn] ufpFg} 5f]8\g] t/v/df 5g\ . t/, s] ug]{ < dfcf]jfbLn] ufpFsf] 3/hUuf s;}nfO{ laqmL ljt/0f ug{ gkfOg] eg]kl5 TolQs} ylGsP/ a;]sf x'g\ . pgn] eg], …clxn] ufpFdf g ;/sf/ 5 g dfcf]jfbL zf;gg} . b'a} cfpbf bf]x/f] r]kdf k5{g\ ;j{;fwf/0f . xfdLnfO{ cjsf lbgdf ljsf; lgdf{0f eGbf klg zflGt rflxPsf] 5 .Ú h};Lsf] klg Pp6} dfu 5, …xfd|f afa'afh]n] bfªaf6 lk7Ldf ef/L af]s]/ g"g vfPsf lyP, clxn] xfdLnfO{ ToxL l:ylt eOlbPh:tf] nfU5, sd;]sd Tof] j]nf cfkm\gf] dgdhL{ sfd ug{ t kfOGYof] .Ú

clglZrt z}lIfs x8\tfnsf] cGTo

lzlz/ zdf{
sf7df8f}+ h'g !*, @))$

>L % sf] ;/sf/n] clvn g]kfn /fli6"o :jtGq ljBFyL{ o'lgog qmflGtsf/Ldfly nufPsf] cft+ssf/Lsf] laNnf lkmtf{ lnPkl5 cGttM ljut !@ lbgb]lv clglZrt sfnLg ?kdf aGb ePsf ljBfnox? z'qmjf/b]lv k'g ;'rf? ?kdf ;~rfng x'g] ePsf 5g\ .
;/sf/n] utjif{ dfcf]jfbLl;t ePsf] zflGtjftf{ eË ePkl5 To;sf] e|ft[;+u7g clvn qmflGtsf/Ldfly klg cft+ssf/L 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . clvn qmflGtsf/Ln] cfkm"dfly nfu]sf] cft+ssf/Lsf] ljNnflkmtf{ lng / z}lIfs If]qnfO{ ;}GoJof/]s gagfpg dfu /fv]/ b]ze/sf s/La ^) nfv ljBfyL{nfO{ k|efljt kfg]{ u/L] z}lIfs ;qsf] z'?df clglZrtsfnLg x8\tfn cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] . dfgjflwsf/jfbL g]tf kb\d/Tg t'nfw/sf] ;+of]hsTjdf ljleGg If]qsf !# hgf JolQmTjx? /xg'ePsf] Ps jftf{6f]nL u7g eO{ dfcf]jfbL lgs6 clvn qmflGtsf/Ll;t ;/sf/sf] jftf{ u/fPsf] lyof] . b]ze/sf ljBfnox? z'qmjf/b]lv ;'rf??kdf v'Ng] ePsf 5g\ . sltko ljBfnox?n] oxL x8\tfndf kg]{ u/L udL{sf] ljbf klg lbPsf lyP .

g]kfn aGbaf6 k|ltlbg em08} rf/ s/f]8 3f6f

lgnd l3ld/]
h'g !*, @))$

Joj;fodf ;+nUg ljleGg ;+w ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn aGbsf] sf/0f k|ltlbg # cj{ & s/f]8 &) nfv af/fa/ /sd 3f6f a]xf]g'{ k/]sf] 5 . pSt s'/f Pkm=Pg=;L=;L=cfO{=tyf g]kfn ko{6g af]8{ af6 k|fKt hfgsf/Ldf pNn]v 5 .
g]kfn aGbn] ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s If]qdf al9 dfqfdf gsf/fTs k|efj k/]sf] g]kfn ko{6g jf]8{ tyf Pkm=Pg=l;=;L=cfO{=af6 k|fKt tYofÍn] b]vfPsf] 5 .
ljleGg Aoj;foLx? dWo] xf]6n Aoj;fo ;a} eGbf w]/} 3f6f a]xf]g{ afWo ePsf] 5 . tYofÍ cg';f/ hDdf ;+Vof * ;o *^ /x]sf xf]6]nx?sf] k|ltlbg 3f6f /sd kfFr s/f]8 %) nfv /x]sf] 5 . bf];|f] 7"nf] wf6f a]xf]g]{ ;+:yfsf] ?kdf pBf]u tyf Aofkf/ Aoj;fo kb{5g\ . hDdf ^)) ;+Vofdf /x]sf oL Aoj;foLx?n] ! s/f]8 %) nfv ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] /sd 3f6f Aoxf]g{ afWo 5g\ .
To:t} % ;osf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf 6"fen Ph]G;Ln] k|ltlbg Ps s/f]8 eGbf a9L 3f6f a]xf]/]sf] 5 . ;a} eGbf sd 3f6f a]xf]g]{df ;fwf/0f oftfoft Aoj;fo /x]sf] 5 . h;df klg %) nfv ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] wf6f a]xf]g'{ k/]sf] ;+alGwt lgsfon] hgfPsf] 5 .
To:t} ul/ 6"]lsª Ph]G;\, ¥ofkm\l6ª, /]i6'/fF, t/sf/L Aoj;fo, cflb klg 7'nf] ef/ v]Kg afWo ePsf 5g\ . To:t} cGo sltko ;+w ;:yfx?sf] t s'g} hfgsf/L g} 5}g .
oL ljleGg ;+3 ;:yfx?af6 k|fKt tYofÍ cg';f/ @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngkl5 @)^) ;fnleq g]kfn clw/fHo aGb ^& lbg ePsf] hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] 5 . To; afx]s If]q ut aGb, rSsf hfd, z}lIfs x8\tfnsf] t s'g} n]vfhf]vf g} 5}g . s'n ^& lbgsf] aGbn] dfq g]kfnsf] cy{ tGqdf g/fd|f] wSsf k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;f7L ;fn ;Dd nfu]sf] 3f6f b'O{ va{ ^ cj{ !% s/f]8, () nfv ?k}oFf eGbf al9 cfly{s gf]S;fgL ePsf] b]lvG5 .
nueu !% nfv dflg;n] /f]huf/L kfPsf] oL Aoj;fox? o;/L g} g]kfn aGbsf sf/0f aGb ePdf sfdbf/x?sf] hLjgdf u|x0f nfUg] Joj;foLx? bfjL ub{5g\ .
aGbs} sf/0f b}lgs @$ ;o ko{6s k|efljt ePsf 5g\ . cyf{t\ ^) k|ltztn] sfo{qmd lkmtf{ lnPsf 5g\ . k|ltlbg k|lt ko{6saf6 ! ;o % 8n/ vr{ ug]{ u/]sf]df $# bzdnj # 8n/df ;Lldt ePsf 5g\ . cyf{t\ ko{6sx?af6 b}lgs b'O{ nfv %@ xhf/ 8n/ cfDbfgL x'g]df ! nfv $ xhf/ 8n/ dfq ePsf] 5 . o;/L ! nfv $* xhf/ *) cd]l/sL 8n/ 3f6f ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;/L ^& lbgsf] aGbsf sf/0f Ps s/f]8 %@ nfv %@ xhf/ @ ;o $) eGbf a9Lsf] Iflt ePSsf] b]lvG5 . -;/sf/L /fh:j ;lxt_
To:t} ul/ aGbn] ;dflhs s[ofsnfkdf klg cToGt g/fd|f] c;/ kf/]sf] 5 . dfgjLo Iflt / ef}lts ;DklQsf] eofjx l:ylt lgDTofPsf] 5 . b]zdf ;fdflhs ljsf; tyf ljQLo sfd sf/afxL g} 7Kk ePsf] 5 . oftfoftsf] cj?4n] la/fdL c:ktfn k'¥ofpg g;lsP/ csfnd} Hofg uPsf s}og 36gfx? 5g\ . ljz]if ul/ >dhLjL hgtf o;af6 k|ToIf ?kdf k|efljt 5g\ . To:t} ljBfyL{ ju{df k7gkf7g, kl/Iff, kl/Iffkmn lgisf;g cflb k|efljt eO{ /fi6"sf] ;Ifd hg;lQm pTkfbgnfO{ b"/ufdL c;/ kf/]sf] k|i6 5 . lzIffdf ePsf] c;/nfO{ lbw{sfnLg c;/ elgG5 . z}lIfs Sofn]G8/ cg';f/ jflif{s @ ;o @) lbg ljBfno v'Ng'kg]{df hDdf Ps ;o *) lbgdfq ljBfno v'n]sf] b]lvG5 .
lghL ljBfnosf @) nfv ljBfyL{sf] cWofkgsfnflu ! nfv #) xhf/ lzIfs /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} ;/sf/L :t/df $% nfv ljBfyL{sf] cWofkgdf * nfv *^ xhf/ lzIfs ;+nUg /x]sf] b]lvG5 . h;cg';f/ cWoog-cWofkg u/fOg] ;dodf k|ltlbg # s/f]8 ^% nfv z}lIfs 306f v]/ u}/x]sf] b]lvG5 .
ljBfyL{x?af6 ePsf] z}lIfs nufgLaf6 b}lgs ( s/f]8 ?k}ofF v]/ uPsf] 5 . o;/L Aofj;foLs kIfdf dfq geO{ lzIff h:tf] clt ;+j]bgzLn ljifodf klg bL3{sflng c;/sf] ;fydf cfly{s 3f6f ;d]t a]xf]g{ kg'{ b]zsf] nflu cltg} r'gf}lt k"0f{ ljifo xf] . ;fy} ;/sf/ kIfsf] xf/ ;fljt x'g' klg xf] .
dfgjLo Iflttkm{ aGb ;kmn kfg]{ sf/0fn] g} 3fO{t] x'g]sf] ;+Vof ( ;o ! /x]sf] 5, eg] d[To' x'g]sf] ;+Vof !% b]lvG5 . To; afx]s aGb ePsf] sf/0f cGo sltko dfgjLo If]lt ePsf] h;sf] xfn ;Dd s'g} n]vfhf]vf g} ePsf] 5}g .
ef}lts ;fwg tyf;+/rgfsf] If]ltdf ;jf/L ;fwg ;/sf/L -df]6/ ;fO{sn,sf/_ ul/ hDdf @*cf]6f, s"6gLlt lgof]usf ltg nufPt lghL ;jf/L 6"s, a;,sf/, df]6/;fO{sn ul/ hDdf ! ;o *! cf]6f, h;df -sflGtk'/,:k];6fOd_ k|];sf ;jf/L ;fwg klg k/]sf 5g\ . 3/x?df lghL %, ;/sf/L % / xf]6n @ /x]sf 5g\ . o;/L aGbsf] sf/0f wf]:t ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ;fwg tyf 3/sf] hDdf ;+Vof @ ;o @$ /x]sf] tYofÍn] hgfPsf] 5 .
ljleGg tYofÍn] hgfP cg';f/ aGbsf sf/0fx? km/skm/s /x]klg /fhg}lts sf/0f d'nwf/df kb{5 . cGo ljleGg sf/0fx?n] klg 7"n} e'dLsf v]n]sf] b]lvG5 . oL sf/0fx? cGt/ut s]lx sf/0fx? k|fKt ePsf] 5 . h;df dx+uL, bf;9'+uf sf08, blnt r'gfj lrGx dfu, e|i6frf/, d'No clea[l4 s/sf] lj/f]w, k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf, 6gsk'/ ;GwL, ef/lto k|x/Lsf] k|j]z, ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] dfu, eflifs ;dfgtf, Clts /f]zg sf08, dfcf]jfbLsf ljleGg dfux? tyf k|ltudg lj?4sf] cfGbf]ng cflb k|d'v dflgG5g\ .
g]kfn aGbsf ^& lbgdf ;a}eGbf al9 aGb g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] /x]sf] 5 . o;n] @^ lbg aGb u/]sf] 5 . g]skf Pdfn]n] * lbg u/]sf] 5 . gf} afdn] & lbgsf] aGb u/]sf] 5 . ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{ g]kfn, /fli6"o hgtflGqs df]rf{, kz'klt ;]gf, ;ft ljBfyL{ ;+u7g, Pstf s]Gb|-lgd{n nfdf ;d"x_n] b'O{ b'O{ lbgsf] aGb u/]sf 5g\ . 5 afd ;d'x, g]=lj=;+3, g]=p=jf=dxf;+3, rf/ jfd, ;ft jfd nufPtsf bnn] tLg tLg lbgsf] aGb u/]sf 5g\ . /fli6"o hg cfGbf]ng ;+3if{ ;dLltn] Ps lbgsf] aGb cfXjfg u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
To:t} ul/ e/v/} @)^!;fn k|f/Dedfg} g]kfnLn] w]/} nfdf] ;do ;Ddsf] aGbsf] ef/ v]Kg afWo ePsf 5g\ . gskf dfcf]jfbLn] cfXjfg u/]sf] lyof] . To:t} cGgk"0f{ kf]i6sf] uf8L PDa';df kg'{ klg, e/v/} afg]:j/sf] ljr;8sdf u08sL oftfoft sfof{nosf sfof{no k|d'vdfly b'O{ /fp08 uf]nL k|xf/ eO{ 3fO{t] x'g' h:tf clt ;Da]bgzLn 36gfx? 36\g] qmd lta| ultdf a9]sf] 5 .
…h'g hf]uL cfPklg sfg lr/]sf] eg]emÚ}+ h'g ;/sf/ cfPklg ;dfwfg tkm{ nfu]sf] kfO{b}g . df]hdl:t / ef]h et]/d} lbg sf6\g] k|a[lt g]kfnsf ;a} eGbf 7"nf] cf]xbfdf a:g] g]kfn k|d'v eGg]x? b]lv rlncfPsf] lgod g} xf] . of] lgodnfO{ s'g g]tfn] sf6\g' / < z]/axfb'/, nf]sGb| axfb'/, ;'o{ axfb'/ u/L w'Db} km]/L z]/jxfb'/s} kfnf] cfPsf] 5 . ljleGg g]tf tyf uflj; cbIfx? km]/L sfo{ef/ ;+xfNg kmls{Psf 5g\ . ;a}n] s'zL{d} Wofg lbPsf 5g\ . t/ g]kfnsf] lzIff k|0fnLdf t'jfFnf] nfu]sf] s;}nfO{ jf:t} 5}g . xKtflbg gfl3;Sof] z}lIfs x8tfn ePsf] t/ o;af/] s'g} uxg jftf{ s] u[xsfo{ ;d]t ePsf] hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] 5}g .
lj=;= @)$* ;fn r}q @$ ut]sf lbg tTsflng g]skf Pstf s]Gb| -lgd{n nfdf ;d'x_ sf] g]kfn aGbsf] cfXjfgaf6 ;'?ePsf] aGbsf] lznlznf ljleGg /fhgLlts bnx?n] cfkm\gf] dfu k'/f ug{ jf lb/f]w hgfpg o;sf] k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . h'g s'/f xfdL ;a}nfO{ cjut g} 5 . @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ng kl5 g]kfndf g]kfn aGbn] k|zo kfPsf] ljutsf] cg'ejn] b]vfPsf] 5 .
;dosf] rfn ;Fu} a9]sf] g]kfn aGb casf g]kfnLnfO{ s'g} gf}nf] dflgb}g . pNn]lvt aGbstf{x? aGb ug{ t ;kmn ePg} h;df pgLx? /dfPklg t/ o;af6 b]znfO{ s'g df]8df ws]lnPsf] 5 eGg] af/]df s'g} klg rf;f] eg] b]vfPsf] kfOb}g . ;/sf/sf] u}/ lhDd]jf/L kgn] ubf{ Psftkm{ aGbstf{x?nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ldn]sf] 5 eg] csf]{ tkm{ zlQm k|bz{gsf] dfWodsf] ?kdf k|of]u u/]sf] b]lvG5 . Aofkf/Ls ahf/ tyf d'Vo ahf/sf k;nx? aGb Pj+ cftfoft 7Kk ePdf cfkm\gf] aGbsf] cfXjfg ;kmn ePsf] e|d aGb stf{x? dfg; k6ndf /x]sf] kfOG5 . h] h:tf] ePklg aGbstf{x?sf] dfu sltko cj:yfdf hfx]h ePklg ;/sf/4f/f o;af/] ;dfwfgsf kxnx? k|lt sbd rflnPsf] eg] kfOb}g To:t} aGbsf] ;dfwfgk|lt slxn} :ki6 wf/0f gcfpg' klg ;/sf/sf] nfrfl/kg dfGg ;lsG5 .

r]kfª hftLdf k5f}6]kg cem} oyfjt

/fd k|;fb cfrfo{, lgnd l3ld/] / /fd k|;fb Gof}kfg]
ldl8of KjfOG6, sf7df8f}+ h'g !*, @))$

lrtjg, dsjfgk'/, wflbª / uf]/vf oL rf/ lhNnfsf #& uflj;df a;f]af; ug]{ r]kfª hftLsf] s'n hg ;+Vof ^! xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'u]sf] 5 . @)%* ;fnsf] hgu0fgfsf] tTYofÍ cg';f/ %@ xhf/ @ ;o #& hgf /x]sf 5g\ . hgu0fgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf k|rlnt (# efiff dWo] r]kfª efiff !(cf}+ :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 .
d+uf]lnog cg'xf/sf oL r]kfª hftLn] cfkm'nfO{ k|hf eGg ?rfp+5g\ . g]kfnsf ^! hghflt dWo] r]kfª klg Ps xf] . vfDrL efiffnfO{ g} logLx?n] cfkm\gf] dft[ efiffsf] ?kdf k|of]u ub{} cfPsf 5g\ .
g]kfnsf] dxfef/t If]qdf a;f]jf; ub}{ cfPsf lo hfltx? g]kfnL ;dfhdf 5'§} klxrfg af]s]/ hLjgofkg u/]sf 5g\ . lzIff / r]tgfdf k5f8L k/]sf oL hfltx? cf]9f/df a;]/ hLjg ofkg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . s'n r]kfªhfltsf] !%k|ltzt cyf{t\ *xhf/ @;o %) hgf dfq lzlIft 5g\ . s'n hg;+Vofdf nueu ^ hgf P;= Pn= ;L=kf; u/]sf] tTYofÍdf pNn]v 5 . To:t}ul/ k|df0fkq tx !@ hgfn], :gfts tx @ hgfn] k'/f ul/;s]sf 5g\,eg] @hgf :gfsf]Q/ txdf cWoog/t 5g\ . @ hgf dlxnfn] klg k|df0fkq tx k'/f u/]sf] tYofÍdf pNn]v 5 .
:jf:Yo ;DaGwL r]tgfsf] cefj / cfly{s b'/fj:yfsf sf/0f klg pgLx? k5fl8 k/]sf 5g\ . h:tf] kf]l;nf] cfxf/sf] sdL, z'4 lkpg] kfgLsf] cefj, k]6, d'6' ;DaGwL tyf cGo ljleGg /f]un] u|l;t aGg afWo Toxf+sf] hghLjg jf:tjd} sxfnL nfUbf] 5 . /f]u, ef]s, ul/jL / clzIffsf] pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf /x]sf] oL hfltsf] af/]df ljsf; tyf pTyfgsf] gfddf ljleGg ;+w ;:yfx? lk=;L=8L=kL= sf7df08f}+, ;fk|f];, Knfg, tyf dsjfgk'/ kL=;L=8L=kL=sf] ;xof]udf s]xL sfo{ ul/Psf] ePklg w]/} h;f] To;}nfO{ g} dfuLvfg] ef8f]sf] ?kdf k|of]u u/]sf] b]lvG5 .
s]lx dfqfdf ePklg lzIffsf] cj;/ kfPsf r]kfª hfltsf s]xL o'jfx?n] xfn cfP/ ;dfhdf r]tgf d'ns sfo{x? ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . ljleGg lsl;dsf kqklqsfx? k|sfzg ug]{, tyf lzIffdf cufl8 a9fpg cj:os sbdx? rfNg yfn]sf 5g\ .
lj=;=@)#% ;fndf :j=>L % jL/]Gb|sf] dWodf~rn ljsf; If]qsf] e|d0fsf qmddf r]kfªnfO{ k|hfelg gfdfs/0f ul/ pgLx?sfnflu ljz]if sfo{qmd Tofpg x's'd ePkl5 k|hf ljsf; sfo{qmd ;f]xL ;fndf NofOPsf] lyof] . o;} ;fndf NofPsf] elg ljz]if sfo{qmd gfdfs/0f u/]klg To; kl5sf] of] nfdf] ;do @^ jif{sf] cGt/fndf pgLx? dfly vf;} Gofo x'g g;s]sf] tLtf] oyfy{ sxL+af6 l5k]sf] 5}g .
cfw'lgstfn] ;+;f/ 9fs]sf] 5 . dflg; sDKo'6/sf] hdfgfdf k'uL;s] . t/klg r]kfªx? h+unL o'uaf6 aflx/ lg:sg ;s]sf 5|}gg\ . pgLx?nfO{ 7"nf] ;+wif{ ug'{ k/]sf] 5 . jt{dfg PSsfO{;f}+ ztfAbLsf] ;+;f/df x/]s If]qdf w]/} 7"nf kl/jt{gx? cfP t/ g]kfnsf oL k|hfhfltx? !^ cf}+ ;tfAbL eGbf dfly p7\g g;Sg' ;f+lrs} lj8Djgf xf] . c;n / /fd|f] aGg] rfxgf /x]tfklg cfly{s cj:yfsfsf sf/0f k5f8L kg{' pgLx?sf] afWotf klg xf] .
;+;f/df ePsf] 7"nf] kl/jt{gn] t of] hftLdf 5f]Pg g} t/ :jb]zd} a;]/ klg cfkm\gf] kl/ro lbg jf gful/s aGg g;Sg' pgLx?sf] b'vb l:ylt xf], eg] ;/sf/sf] nfrf/L kg klg xf] . s'n r]kfª hftLsf] *%k|ltzt hgtf gful/stf ljlxg 5g\ . o;} sf/0f klg pgLx? ;/sf/L hflu/df cfpg d'lZsn k/]sf] hfgsf/Ldf pNn]v 5 . !% k|ltzt gful/stf k|fKt dWo] guGo ;+Vofdf ;}lgs / lzIfs k]zfdf ;+nUg /x]sf] tYofÍn] b]vfPsf] 5 . ul/jLsf] sf/0f pBf]uwGbf, Jofkf/ Aoj;fo klg logLx?sf] kx+'r jflx/ 5 . /fHon] ug'{kg]{ bfloTj k"/f ug{ g;Sg' / pgLx? klg cfkm} ;r]t x'g g;Sg'klg cufl8 a9\g'df afws ;fljt ePsf] 5 . /fHosf] gful/stf lbg] bfloTj k'/fug{ g;Sg'n] klg jt{dfg b]zsf] c;fdfGo kl/l:yltdf pgLx?n] 7"nf-7"nf b'Mv si6 ef]Ug' k/]sf] 5 .
x/]s hfthfltx?n] x/]s /fhgLlt ;+u7gdf ;dy{g sfod u/]tfklg oL ;d'bfo eg] /fhgLltaf6 6f9f g} /x]sf b]lvG5g\ . @)$^kl5sf] ax'blno Aoj:yfn] klg oL hfltnfO{ cfkm\gf bnx?df ;d]6\g g;Sg' b'ef{Uo k"0f{ dflgG5 .
cGo ljsNkx? s]xL gePkl5 aiff}{ b]lv ub}{ cfPsf] k"/fgf] k]zf s[lifnfO{ g} c+ufNg afWo 5g\ . s[lifd} klg gof+ k|ljlwsf] hfgsf/L gePsf lo ls;fgx? k/Dk/fut z}nLdf v]tLkftL ub{5g\ . emG8} cf7 xhf/ r]kfª kl/jf/ dWo] ;f7L k|ltzt nfO{ jif{ lbgsf] v]tLn] 5 dlxgf vfg gk'Ug] 5g\ . rf/ k|Ltzt dfq !@dlxgf vfg k'Ug] tYofÍn] hgfPsf] 5 . To;}n] sltkox? h+unL kmnkm"nx? h:t}M-sGbd'n, lu7f, Eofs'/ / t?n cflb vfP/ hLjg u'hf/f u/]sf 5g\ . To:t} s]xL r]kfªn] lzsf/ u/]/klg cfkm\gf lbgrof{ ljtfPsf] kfO{G5 .
s[lifdf cfl>t eP/Klg hUufwgL k|df0fkq ljlxgsf] ;+Vof #) k|ltzt eGbf dfly /x]sf] 5 . ljut @%jif{ b]lv of] hfltsf gfddf ljleGg ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L sfo{qmd NofPtfklg of] sfo{qmd sfo{zfnf / uf]i7Ldf g} ;Lldt /x]sf] u'gf;f] r]kfªx?sf] 5 . To:t} ;+o'Qm /fi6";+3sf] dfgj clwsf/ 3f]if0ff kqn] hfx]/ u/]cg'?k cflbjf;Lx?sf] cfkm\gf] e"ld / k|fs[lts >f]t dflysf] xgg ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/L b:t'/ ltg{ g;s]/ @)@^;fnkl5 nfnk'hf{ lng g;s]sf s}of} r]kfªx? 5g\ . of] cj:yfdf >L%sf] ;/sf/n] pgLx?sf] cfly{s pGgtLsf] nflu ;Lkd'ns tflndx? lbP/ r]tgfsf] ljsf; u/fPdf dfq cufl8 a9fpg ;lsg] b]lvG5 .
rf8kj{ wd{ / ;:s[ltsf wgL oL r]kfªx?sf] …rf]nfdÚ eGg] rf8 d'Vo dflgG5 . hf] cToGt /dfO{nf] ul/ dgfp+5g\ . tfdfª ;+:s[lt ;+u d]nvfg] of] ;d'bfodf k'hf/LnfO{ kf]8] eGg] rng 5 . lxGb' / jf}4 b'j} wd{ dfGg] logLx? rf8 kj{df hf+8, /S;L vfP; /dfOnf] ug]{ k|rng /x]sf] 5 .
o:t} ul/ oL hfltsf] ljjfx ;:sf/ klg cgf}7f] x'G5 . ljjfxdf tLgk6s b'nfxf / b'nxLn] 6fpsf] 7f]SsfP/ l;+b'/ nufO{lbPkl5 ljjfx ;:sf/ k'/fx'G5 . o;df cem /f]rss'/f eg]sf] s]6f kIfn] s]6LkIfsf]df ljjfx k|:tfj /fVg hfbf d+unjf/ hfg] ub{5g\ . / ljx]sf] hGtL klg d+unjf/ g} hfg] ub{5g\ . ljx]df, s]6fsL alxgLn] s]6Lsf] 3/df sk8f lnP/ hfG5] . o;sf] ef]lnkN6 b'nfxfn] b'nxLnfO{ h'7f] v'jfPkl5 sfd k'0f{ ?kdf ;lsG5 . cGo ;d'bfo h:t} o;df klg bfOhf]sf] k|rng oyfjtg} 5 . t/ of] ;d'bfodf bfO{hf]sf] ?kdf lrp/Lsf] af]6 lbg] rng k/Dk/ut ?kdf /lxcfPsf] 5 .

åGåu|:t If]qsf kqsf/nfO{ kfFr nfvsf] aLdf

g]kfnLkf]i6 k|ltlglw
sf7df8f}+ h'g !^, @))$

ldl8of ;le{;]; O06/g]/Zfgn-PdP;cfO{_ cGtUf{t /x]sf] ;~rf/ clwsf/ s]Gb|n] Hofg hf]lvd /fv]/ ;dfrf/ ;+k|if0fsf] sfd ub}{ cfPsf kqsf/÷;~rf/sdL{x¿sf lglDt b'3{6gf aLdf sfo{qmdsf] yfngL u/]sf] 5 . sf7df8f}+ pkTosf aflx/sf kqsf/x¿ dWo]af6 klxn]f r/0fsf nflu bznfO{ pQm aLdf lbOg nfluPsf] xf] .
;dfrf/ ;+k|]if0fs} sf/0f hLjg / JolQmut ;'/Iff vt/fdf k/]sf] cg'ej ul//x]sf ;~rf/sdL{x¿sf] aLdf ug]]{ sfo{df ;3fp k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] ;~rf/ clwsf/ s]Gb|n] æ;~rf/ :jtGqtfsf lglDt aLdf sfo{qmdÆ ;'? u/]sf] xf] . kqsfl/tf g} d"n k]zf ePsf / b'O{jif{b]lv cljlR5Gg ¿kaf6 ;dfrf/ ;+k|]if0fsf] sfd ul/cfPsf hf];'s} ;~rf/sdL{ o;sfo{qmdf ;xefuL x'g;Sg] hgfOPsf] 5 .
aLdf sfo{qmd z'¿ ePsf] a9Ldf Ps jif{;Dd nfu" /xg]u/L pQm aLdf /sd k|lt JolQm kfFr nfv;Dd ?k}oFf /flvPsf] 5 . df]km;nsf kqsf/nfO{ ;dfrf/ n]v] afkmt x'g] cfpg] u/]sf] wDsL / dgf]j}1flgs k|efjsf lj¿4 ;fx; h'6fpg aLdf sfo{qmd nfu" ug{ nfluPsf] hgfOPsf] 5 .
aLdf sfo{qmddf 5gf}6 x'g] kqsf/sf] Go"Gftd dfkb08df åGå If]qdf sfd u/]sf], ;dfrf/ n]v]afkmt s'g} kIfaf6 wDsL lbOPsf] jf To:t} ;f:tL vfPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . b'O{ jif{ cg'ejL kqsf/n] o; ljdfsf] nflu lgjb]g xfNg ;Sg] PdP;cfO{sf x]daxfb'/ lji6n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

P;Pn;Lsf] glthfk|lt lzIffljb\x¿ cfZr{orlst

lzlz/ zdf{,
sf7df8f}+ h'g !%, @))$

t:jL/df o'jfx¿nfO{ k|x/Ln] s7fnf] ;dfTg] / n5f/k5f/ ug]{ ul//x]sf] b]lvG5 . of] b[Zo s'g} cfGbf]ngsf] xf]Og . of] t ut zlgaf/ k|sflzt k|j]lzsf k/LIffsf] glthf x]g{sf nflu g]kfnsf] ;/sf/L b}lgs uf]/vfkq lsGg uf]/vfkq ;+:yfg cufl8 k'u]sf ljBfyL{x¿ x'g\ . /, t:jL/df k|x/L ltg} ljBfyL{sf] eL8 tx nufpg nf7Lrfh{sf] ;xf/f ln+b}5 .
P;Pn;L k/LIFf lbg] cj;/ / o;sf] glthf k|sfzgsf] cj;/ b'j} P;Pn;L lbg] ljBfyL{x?sf nflu bz}+ hlQs} 7"nf] rf8 xf] eGbf x'G5 . kl7t ckl7t ;a}nfO{ o;n] cfslif{t ub{5 . of] g]kfnsf] z}lIfs >]0fLsf] kmnfd] 9f]sf klg xf] . o;af6 kf/ kfpg'nfO{ Pp6f 7"n} pknlAwsf ?kdf lnOg] ul/G5 . g]kfndf x/]s jif{sf] k|j]lzsf k/LIff lng] k/LIff af]8{ Pp6} 5- k/LIff lgoGq0f sfof{no . o;n] lj= ;+= @)() ;fnb]lv cfˆgf] dftxtdf k/LIff ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o; jif{sf] k|j]lzsf -P;Pn;L_ k/LIffsf] ax'k|ltlIft glthf ut zlgaf/ k|sflzt eof] . z'qmjf/ g} o;af/]df rrf{kl/rrf{ ePkl5 /fhwfgLsf ljBfyL{x¿ ljxfg rf/}ah] uf]/vfkq ;+:yfgdf cfˆgf] glthf 5flkg] uf]/vfkq lsGg e]nf ePsf lyP . ljutsf jif{x¿df glthfk|sfzg ePsf] lbg ca]/;Dd klg uf]/vfkq gkfOg] u/]sf] cg'ejnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ o;/L ljBfyL{x¿ cfkm}+ uf]/vfkq ;+:yfgdf k'u]sf lyP . /fhwfgLsf] lau|Fbf] zflGt;'/Iff / ljBfyL{x¿sf] a9\bf] rfknfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ kl/rfng ul/Psf] elgPsf k|x/Lx¿n] cfGbf]ngsf/LnfO{ em}+ ljBfyL{x¿dfly klg n5f/k5f/ / nf7L rfh{ ug]{ sfo{ u/] .
zlgaf/ ljxfg @ ah]dfq uf]/vfkqnfO{ k/LIff lgoGq0f sfof{non] uf]/vfkq ;+:yfgnfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] glthf ;dfa]z u/]/ uf]/vfkq ;+:yfgn] ljxfg ( ah]kl5 dfq ahf/df uf]/vfkq pknAw u/fpg ;s]sf] lyof] . t/ To;lbg ;+:yfgn] ? !) d"No /fv]sf] uf]/vfkq ahf/df Ps ;o ?k}ofF ;Dddf klg sfnf]ahf/L eof] . ;DalGwt s'g} klg lgsfon] o;f] ug]{ Jofkf/Lx¿k|lt sfo{jfxL u/]g . o;} jif{b]lv g]kfn b"/;~rf/ ;+:yfgaf6 g]kfn 6]lnsddf ?kdfGt/ ePsf] 6]lnkmf]g sfof{non] klg of] k6s k|j]lzsf k/LIffsf] glthf b]ze/ 6]lnkmf]g g+ !^)) af6 pknAw u/fpg] tof/L k"/f u/]sf] lyof] . o; cg';f/ s'g} klg k/LIffyL{n] b]ze/af6 !^)) g+= 8fon u/]kl5 p;n] cfˆgf] l;Daf]n g+= klg 6]lnkmf]gsf] g+= lyr]/ To;nfO{ g]kfn 6]lnsdsf] sDKo'6/af6 lglZrt ul/Pkl5 g++= ! lyr]kl5 pm s'g >]0fLdf kf; ePsf] xf] egL hfgsf/L kfpg] Joj:yf ePsf] 5 . t/ zlgaf/ 6]lnkmf]gsf c? ;fwf/0f gDa/x¿ klg lgs} c:tJo:t x'g k'u]sf lyP . sf7df8f}+sf nflu !) / c? lhNnfsf nflu %) u/L ^) nfOg 6]lnkmf]gsf] Joj:yf !^)) cGtu{t ul/Psf] elgP klg ;fwf/0f 6]lnkmf]g ;d]t ;Dks{ ljxLg x'Fbf /fhwfgLdf cfkmGtnfO{ kmf]g u/]/ ;f]Wg rfxg] aflx/L lhNnfsf dflg;x¿ klg /ge'Nndf k/]sf lyP .
o; jif{ g} tLgj6f j]e;fO6df klg k|j]lzsf k/LIffsf] glthf ;dfj]z ul/g] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] lyof] . www.SLCresults.com, www.moe.gov.np, www.doe.gov.np u/L tLgj6f j]e;fO6x¿ lyP t/ ljxfg ( ah];Dd klg glthf OG6/g]6df /flvPsf] lyPg . a? cf7 gf} ah]kl5 k'gM k|of; ug'{xf]nf egL ;"rgf /flvPsf] lyof] .
o; jif{ k/LIff lgoGq0f sfof{non] ck]Iffs[t lgs} l56f] k/LIffsf] glthf lgsfn]/ h; a6'n]sf] 5 . o;n] ut jif{sf] k/LIff glthf #@ k|ltztnfO{ a9fP/ $%= !* k|ltzt k'¥ofO{ z}lIfs If]qsf lj1x¿nfO{ cfZro{df kf/]sf] 5 . o; jif{sf] k|j]lzsf k/LIffdf lgoldt / k'/fgf -PSh]DK6]8_ ;d]t u/L s"n # nfv !& xhf/ ! hgfn] k/LIffsf nflu cfj]bg lbPsf lyP . ltgdf @ nfv %% xhf/ ^ ;o & hgf k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt ePsf lyP . lgoldt tkm{dfq s"n ! nfv &% xhf/ $ ;o !& hgf k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt ePsf lyP . lgoldttkm{ s"n *! xhf/ * hgf pQL0f{ ePsf 5g\ eg] PSh]DK6]8tkm{ s"n !^ xhf/ # ;o ($ hgf pQL0f{ ePsf 5g\ . k/LIff lgoGq0f sfof{non] o;jif{ *) k|ltzt c+s s6fpg] k/LIffyL{sf] ljlzi6 >]0fLdf k|yd egL gofF juL{s/0f u/]sf] 5 . of] qmldstfnfO{ cfufdL jif{df sfod ul/g] klg hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] 5 .
o;kflnsf] glthfdf k|yd >]0fLdf @* xhf/ & ;o @#, låtLo >]0fLdf $% xhf/ $ ;o $% / t[tLo >]0fLdf % xhf/ @ ;o &@ hgf k/LIffyL{ pQL0f{ ePsf 5g\ . cg'QL0f{ x'g]sf] ;+Vof ! nfv %* xhf/ @ o; & hgf /x]sf] 5 . cg'QL0f{ ePsf] of] ;+VofdWo] *$ xhf/ $ ;o ^) hgfn] oxL >fj0f $ ut]b]lv k'/s k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt x'g] cj;/ kfpg] ePsf 5g\ . ljutsf] glthfnfO{ dfq x]bf{ klg ^% k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf k"/sk/LIffyL{ pQL0f{ x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . o; lx;fan] ca km]l/ s/La ^) xhf/ k/LIffyL{ P;Pn;Ldf pQL0f{ x'g]5g\ .
o; jif{sf] k|j]lzsf k/LIffdf b]zsf ;/sf/L ljBfnox¿sf] glthf @$ k|ltzt dfq pQL0f{ b]lvPsf] 5 . ut jif{ of] c+s @@=^( k|ltzt lyof] . b]zsf kxf8L / t/fOIf]qsf clwsf+z ljBfnosf] glthf !) k|ltzteGbf sd /x]sf] / 8/nfUbf] ;+Vofdf ljBfnox¿nfO{ z'Go k|ltzt glthf xft nfu]sf] 5 .
P;Pn;L k/LIffsf] glthf cWoog ug{ ul7t ;ldltsf ;+of]hs Pj+ lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf k"j{ pks"nklt s]bf/eQm dfy]dfn] o; glthfnfO{ ;sf/fTds glthf / ;'wf/f]Gd'v lzIff k|0ffnL xf] egL k|ltlqmof lbg'ePsf] 5 . pRr dfWolds lzIff kl/ifbsf k"j{ pkfWoIf Pj+ lzIff ljb\ 8f= tLy{ vlgofF eg] of] glthf cfZro{hgs / gf6sLo glthf xf] eGg'x'G5 . o; jif{ ljBfnox¿df k9fO b]zsf] /fhgLlts cl:y/tfsf sf/0fn] c:tJo:t ePsf] s'/f b'lgofFnfO{ yfxf 5 . lzIfsx¿ ckx/0fdf kg]{, w/ks8 x'g], sltsf] xTof x'g], aGb, x8\tfn, ljBfyL{ ckx/0f, ad lj:kmf]6g cflbsf sf/0fn] ljBfnox¿df k9fO ;'rf? ?kn] rNg g;]sf] cj:yfdf o;/L glthf k|sflzt x'g' ;fdfGo xf]Og eGg] jxfFsf] ts{ 5 . 8f= vlgofFsf] o:t} ljrf/l;t csf{ lzIffljb\ 8f= dLgaxfb'/ lji6n] klg ;xdlt hgfpg'ePsf] 5 . ljBfyL{ kf; ug]{ gLlt dfq lnP/ gx'g] kf; ePsf ljBfyL{nfO{ pRr lzIff / /f]huf/Lsf If]qx¿ km/flsnf] kfg{ ;/sf/ ;+j]bgzLn x'g'kg]{ ts{ lzIffljb\x¿sf] /x]sf] 5 . pRr dfWolds lzIff kl/ifb\sf k"j{ lgoGqs Pj+ jl/i7 lzIffljb\ 8f= df]xgk|;fb\ ltdlN;gf eGg'x'G5- æof] glthf cljZjfl;nf] 5 . ljutsf] #@ k|ltztaf6 ;fdfGo ;'wf/ ePsf] eP klg of] #% b]lv #* k|ltzt;Dd k'u]sf] eP o;nfO{ :jfefljs dfGg ;lsGYof] t/ oxfF t st} s'g} q'l6 kSs} ePsf] 5 .Æ o;kfln k/LIffsf] ;dodf c;lhnf ljifox¿ c+u|]hL, ul0ft / lj1fg ljifosf k/LIffsf cl3Nnf lbgdf ljbf lbP/ k9\g ;do ldnfOPsf] lyof] . # k|ltzt u|]; dfs{ klg lyof] . t/ o;n] dfq of] rdTsfl/s glthf s'g} xfntdf klg lbg ;St}g eGb} 8f= ltdlN;gf eGg'x'G5, ljutdf d}n] nfdf] ;do;Dd k/LIff;Fu ;Da4 eP/ sfd u/]sf] 5' . d]/f] ljutsf] cg'ejn] slxNo} klg of] dfGg dnfO{ tof/ agfpFb}g . of] a9]sf] k|ltztn] ufpFsf x¿jf, r?jf, ls;fg, xnL, uf]7fnf, gfDn], bfDn]sf 5f]/f5f]/Ldf s'g} pT;fx yk]sf] 5}g, a? kmfObf ePsf] 5 eg] zx/sf wgLdfgLsf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] k9]sf af]l8{ª\ :s"nsf] Jofkf/nfO{ cem km/flsnf] /fhdfu{ agfOlbPsf] 5 .
k/LIff lgoGq0f sfof{nosf pklgoGqs hLjg kf}8]n of] glthf s'g} lsl;dsf] bjfj jf k"j{ of]hgfsf] pkh xf]Og eGg'x'G5 . k/LIff lgoGqs jL/]Gb|k|;fb l;+x eGg'x'G5, æk|Zgkqsf] agf]6, k/LIff tflnsf, pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIfssf] cg'ej, pgLx¿nfO{ lgb]{z ul/Psf] dfs{:sLd cflbn] of] glthf NofPsf] xf] . o;df cfZro{ dfGg'kg}{ s'/f 5}g .Æ o:t} glthf cfufdL jif{ cfpF5 eGg]df lzIffljb\x¿ ;Gb]x JoQm ug'{x'G5 . ljutdf klg $* k|ltzt;Dd glthf k|fKt ePsf] xf] . t/ Tof] 36]/ slxn] #$, slxn] #*, slxn] #!, t slxn] #@ k|ltztdf em/]sf] tYofª\snfO{ la;{g' x'Fb}g eGg] jxfFx¿sf] ts{ 5 .
lzIffljb\x¿sf] ts{ Psflt/ 5 eg] ljBfnox¿sf] ljs/fn cj:yf csf{lt/ 5 . of] jif{ clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf] aGbsf sf/0f ljBfnox¿ Ps ;ftfb]lv aGb 5g\ . sn]hsf] k9fO aGb / cfGbf]ngn] 7Kk 5 . P;Pn;L k/LIffdf pTs[i6 c+s NofP/ ;af]{Ts[i7 ag]sf Pe/]i6 af]l8{ª\ :s"n a'6jnsf 5fq ljzfn vgfn / 5fqftkm{sL ;af]{Ts[i7 k/LIffyL{ sf7df8f}+sf] Uofn]S;L pRr df= lj= sL k|lti7f 1jfnLsf] ;kgf eg] d]l8sn 8fS6/ aGg] /x]sf] 5 . ljzfn ;/sf/L :s"nsf lzIfssf 5f]/f x'g\ eg] k|lti7fsf afa'rflx+ lzIffdGqfnosf ;x;lrj x'g'x'G5 . ljzfnn] *)) k"0ff{ª\sdf &%^ c+s -($=% k|ltzt_ / k|lti7fn] &)& c+s -**=#& k|ltzt_ k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . s"n k"0ff{ª\sdf !@) c+s k|of]ufTds c+s lbOg] gofF Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf jif]{lg pQL0f{ ePsf oL ljBfyL{sf] cf}ift #% k|ltzt dfq k|df0fkq txdf pQL0f{ x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . of] ;+Vof x]bf{ lg/fzfjfbL eL8 ylkPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] h]hlt s'/f ah]6ljlgof]hgsf a]nf cufl8 ;f/] klg b]zsf s0f{wf/ aGg] of] ju{ eg] b]zsf] cy{tGqsf] d"nwf/af6 ;w}+ pk]lIft ePsf] k|ToIf cg'ej ul/Psf] 5 .

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åGå ;dfrf/ ;+sng ug{ /f]Nkfsf] yjfª k'u]sf Ps ljb]zL kqsf/ crfgs l;ls:t la/fdL x'Fbf :yfgLo dfcf]jfbLn] pkrf/ u/L ;s'zn kmsf{Psf 5g\ . h]7 !^ ut] yjfª k'u]sf tL kqsf/ crfgs emf8fjfGtf, pRr Hj/f]n] l;ls:t la/fdL ePsf lyP .
cd]l/sfsf] km\nf]l/8f lgjf;L kqsf/ a|f8 js{Dofg $$ lbg cl3 g]kfn cfPsf lyP . /f]Nkf ¿s'dsf] ofqfsf nflu pgL h]7 !@ ut] /fhwfgLaf6 To;tkm{ lx+8]sf lyP . bfªsf] 3f]/fxL x'Fb} /f]Nkfsf] bxjgaf6 yjfª;Ddsf] k}bn ofqf z'¿ u/]sf js{Dofg nuftf/ lx8fO / kfgLsf] c;'Gtngn] ubf{ cfkm" l;ls:t la/fdL ePsf] x'g ;Sg] s'/f g]kfnL kf]i6;F atfP .
js{Dofgsf cg';f/ b'O{ lbg nuftf/ emf8fjfGtfn] l;ls:t lj/fdL ePkl5 dfcf]jfbLåf/f 3f]lift du/ft :jfoQ k|b]zsf k|d"v ;Gtf]if a'9fdu/sf] lgb]{zgdf o'4:ynsf lrlsT;s 6f]nLn] pgsf] pkrf/ u/]sf lyP . tLg j6f :nfOg kfgL r9fP/ ljleGg cf}ifwL lbPkl5dfq kqsf/ js{Dofgsf] xf]; v'n]sf] lyof] .
…d}n] z'¿df vf;} lj/fdL x'G5' eGg] nfu]sf] lyPg, ysfO eg] lgs} nfu]sf] lyof], cf/fd u/]kl5 lgsf] x'G5 h:tf] dgdg} 7fg]sf] lyPÚ, js{Dofgn] cfkm\gf] cg'ej ;'gfP, …d cw{ r]tg ePkl5 dfcf]jfbL 8fS6/ d]/f] pkrf/qmddf ;+nUg eP, ef]lnkN6dfq d ;fdfGo lx8F8'n ug{ ;Sg] ePsf] lyP .Ú
du/ft :jfoQ k|b]zsf k|d"v ;Gtf]if a'9fdu/n] kf6L{sf] cg'dlt ljg} dfcf]jfbL ljz]if cfwf/ If]q cfOk'u]sf cd]l/sL kqsf/ js{Dofg crfgs lj/fdL ePkl5 pgnfO{ lgsf] kfg{ st{Jo ePsf] ljz]if lrlsT;s 6f]nL v6fPsf] atfP . pgn] eg], …kqsf/x¿sf] Hofgsf] ;'/Iff ug{ klg xfdLn] lrlsT;snfO{ cf}ifwL ug{ nufPsf xf}+ .Ú
js{Dofgsf] pkrf/qmddf nfu]sf] ;Dk"0f{ vr{ dfcf]jfbL cfkm}n] j]xf]/]sf lyP . kqsf/ js{Dofgn] dfcf]jfbL pkrf/ vr{ lbg vf]Hbf pgLx¿n] OGsf/ u/]sf lyP . cd]l/sL gful/snfO{ dfcf]jfbLsf] vt/f eGg] ckjfx lgjf/0f ug{ klg kqsf/ js{Dofgsf] ljz]if pkrf/ ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 .
js{Dofg yjfªdf l;ls:t x'Fbf clGtd pkfosf nflu dfcf]jfbL;dIf :of6]nfO6 kmf]gdfkm{t x]lns]K6/ /]:So" ug{ cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . pgn] yjfªdf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{nfO{ eg]sf lyP, …d clGtd cj:yfdf d]/L cfdfsf] cg'xf/ x]g{ rfxfG5', To:f}n] klg x]lns]K6/ /]:So' tTsfn ul/lbg';\ .Ú
js{Dofgsf] dfuadf]lhd dfcf]jfbLn] tTsfn :of6]nfO6 kmf]g ;]jf pknAw u/fpg g;s]kl5 ljsNkdf dfcf]jfbL o'4:ynsf lrlsT;s 6f]nL vl6Psf lyP . pQm lrlsT;s 6f]nL klZrfdf~rnb]lv klZrdsf ;a} cfqmd0fdf dfcf]jfbL 3fOt]sf] pkrf/df ;+nUg /x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 .
js{Dofgsf] pkrf/df ;+nUg 8fS6/ s= nf];Ln] dfgjLo Jojxf/ kfngf ug]{qmddf kqsf/sf] :jf:Yo pkrf/ ul/Psf] atfP . kqsf/ js{Dofg yjfªdf ;~rf] ePkl5 ¿s'dsf] dxt, ¿s'dsf]6 x'Fb} d'l;sf]6af6 g]kfnu~h g]kfnu~haf6 a'4Po/ x'Fb} pgL sf7df8f}+ kmls{Psf lyP .
kqsf/ js{Dofg :jtGq kmf]6f] kqsf/ Pj+ j]a;fO6 www.bradworkman.info sf ;Grfng stf{ x'g\ . pgL cd]l/sL kmf]6f] kqsf/ ;+3sf ;b:o klg x'g\ . kmf]6f] kqsfl/tfdf ljz]if cle¿rL ePsf kqsf/ js{Dofgs]xL ;do cl3 /fhwfgLsf] ;8s cfGbf]ngdf klg 3fOt] ePsf lyP . pgsf] g]kfn cfpg'sf] d'Vo p2]Zo åGåsf] cj:yfdf b]lvPsf b[ZonfO{ Sofd/fdf s}b ug]{ /x]sf] 5 .

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¿s'dsf] d'l;sf]6df cfpg] x/]s lghL tyf ;/sf/L ljdfgsf] xjfO l6s6 ;/sf/L ;'/Ifflgsfosf] lgoGq0fdf x'Gf] u/]sf] 5 . ;'/IffsdL{s} l;kmfl/zdf dfq d'l;sf]6 -;Nn] ljdfg:yn_b]lv g]kfnu~h xjfO ofqf ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ clwsf+z ofq'n] .
;'/Iffsf] sf/0f b]vfpb} xjfO l6s6dfly lgoGq0f ul/Psf] ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx¿ atfpF5g\ . Ps ;'/Iffclwsf/L eG5g\, …oxfF h:tf] ;'s} dflg; klg cfpg] u/]sf 5g\, pgLx¿sf] ;xL klxrfg u/L cf+tsjfbnfO{ a9fjf glbgsf nflu xjfO l6s6dfly lgoGq0f ul/Psf] xf]Ú .
xjfO l6s6dflysf] lgoGq0faf6 ;j{;fwf/0f lgs} ljRfNnLdf kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ . ;'/Iff lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx¿ xjfO ofqf ug{ rfx]sf] v08df pgLx¿n] kfPsf] k|fyldstfkl5 dfq cGon] l6s6 kfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . ljdfg:yn sd{rf/L lbks s]=;Lsf cg';f/ ¿s'ddf xfn xKtfsf rf/ …km\nfO6 ;]8'nÚ zfxL g]kfn jfo' ;]jf lgudsf] / cGo k|fo ofq' x]l/ sl:ds, olt, ;f+lu|nf Po/ lghL ljdfg cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ .
¿s'dsf] xjfO ofqfsf] /f]rs kIf s] 5 eg] s'g} klg xjfO ofqf ug{sf] nflu clu|d a'lsª ug]{ kl/kf6L 5}g . ljdfg cfpg] lglZrt ePkl5 pgLx¿n] Ps 306fcl3dfq l6s6 af8\g] u/]sf 5g\ . To;cl3 sf] sf]n] ofqf ug]{ egL ;Defljt ofq'sf] lni6 eg] ;'/Ifflgsfo;Fu x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
xjfO l6s6;DaGwL ljifo lnP/ ;'/IffsdL{n] lghL tyf ;/sf/L ljdfgsf :yfgLo sd{rf/L wDsL lbg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . slxn]sfxL t sf] p8\g] eGg] ljjfbdf ;]gf / k|x/Lsf dfG5]jLr cfk;d} afemfafem x'g] kfOPsf] 5 . o:t} 36gf h]7 @% ut] klg eof] . ¿s'daf6 g]kfnu~h hfg nfu]sf] ;f+lu|nf Po/sf] ljdfgaf6 sf] cl3 hfg] eGg] ljifodf ljdfg:yndf cfPsf ;]gf / k|x/Lsf clws[tjLr Psl5g afemafem ePsf] b[Zo b]lvof] .
ljdfg sd{rf/Lx¿ ;+s6sfnsf] eGbf clxn] s]xL xjfO l6s6df v's'nf] ePsf] cg'ej u5{g\ . …;+s6sfnPsf] j]nf ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ k|fyldstf glbPsf] cf/f]kdf xjfO sd{rf/LnfO{ d'vdf k]:tf]n tflsPsf] lyof] t/ clxn] eg] To:tf] cj:yf cfOk/sf] 5}g,Ú Ps ljdfg sd{rf/L eG5g\ .

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pgsf] cleef/f 3tL{ufpFb]lv vl/af]6;Dd k'¥ofpg] /x]sf] ofqfsf qmddf hfgsf/L kfOof] . pgn] af6}df cfkm\g} sfo{stf{nfO{ e]6] . lzv/ klg dfcf]jfbL If]qLo ;~rf/d} sfd ug]{ JolQm lyP . To;}n] pgn] lzv/nfO{ g} yjfª k'¥ofpg] lhDd]jf/L ;''lDkP/ cfkm" rflx jLr af6f] af6} kmls{P .
lzv/n] ljleGg ufpFdf dfcf]jfbLåf/f ;Grflnt hfFrkf]i6df hfgsf/L lbb} xfdLnfO{ cufl8 a9fP . /, pgn] ufpF ufpFdf lr7L af9\b} uP . 3tL{ ufpFaf6 cf7 306f;Ddsf] nuftf/ lx8fOaf6 pgn] ld¿n nf6fjfªdf af; a;fP, Ps dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf] 3/df . ljxfg ;f9] 5 ah] yjfªsf] ofqf z'¿ u/] . Ps 306fsf] psfnf] r9\b} uPkl5 dflyaf6 csf{ Ps JolQm b]vf k/] . pgn] 7f8} efiff af]Nb} tn em/], … …sxFfb]lv xf] sfd/]8, gd:sf/ x} Û ;~rf] lj;~rf] s:tf] 5 <Ú
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/f]Nkfsf] ;b/d'sfdaf6 b'O{ lbgsf] pQ/L If]q nf6fafªdf e]6 ePsf] xf] pgLx¿jLr . Ps ;/sf/L -k'/fgf] ;Qf_ x'nfsL lyP, csf{ dfcf]jfbL -gofF ;Qf_sf] ;~rf/ ljefudf sfd ug]{ JolQm . b'O{jLr e]63f6 x'Fbf :jf:gL lng] …hf/Úh:t} Jojxf/ k|b{zg x'g;Sg] xfdLn] cg'dfg u/]sf lyof}+ . t/, pgLx¿ eg] ldt h:t} b]lvGy] pltv]/ . b'a}jLr s'/fsfgL z'¿ eof] . ===
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h'g !!, @))$

yjfª -/f]Nkf_ . dfcf]jfbLn] 3f]lift u/]sf] ¿s'd-/f]Nkfsf] ljz]if If]qaf6 ;Grflnt If]qLo /]l8of] Psdlxgfb]lv aGb ePsf] 5 . :6]zg ePsf] If]qdf r6\ofª kbf{ /]l8of] pks/0f ljlu|P/ aGb ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 .
;'/IffsdL{n] ljleGg u:tLsf j]nf ljz]if vf]hL ug]{ u/]sf]] …3f]lift ljz]if lhNnfÚåf/f ;Grflnt If]qLo /]l8of] aGb x'g'df cfkm\g} k|fljlws q'6L ePsf] dfcf]jfbL g]tfn] :jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . xfn dfcf]jfbLn] ¿s'd /f]Nkfsf] ljz]if If]qsf nflu eg]/ e]/L s0ff{nLsf] /]l8of] ahfO/x]sf 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLn] clw/fHoe/L 5 j6f PkmPd /]l8of] ;Grfng ul//x]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ xfn ;]tL dxfsfnLsf nflu !, e]/L s0ff{nLsf nflu !, ¿s'd-/f]Nkfsf] ljz]if If]qsf nflu !-xfn jGb_, u08s If]qsf nflu !, pkTosf nflu ! / k"jf{~rnsf nflu ! u/L 5 j6f PkmPd :6]zg ;Grfng ul//x]sf 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbL /]l8of]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfg b'O{ 8f]sf]df af]Sg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . Pp6fdf h]g]/]6/ / csf]{df /]l8of] :6]zg af]Sg] u/]sf] Ps 5fkfdf/ ;b:on] atfP . e]/L s0ff{nLaf6 ;Grflnt x'g] dfcf]jfbL /]l8of]af6 …/]l8of] g]kfnÚsf] …36gf / ljrf/Ú sfo{qmd kl5 ljz]if ;dfrf/ lbg] u/]sf 5g\ .
tLdWo] ljz]if lhNnfsf] PkmPd /]l8of] ;a}eGbf a9L Ifdtfsf] /x]sf] / ToxLg} clxn] ljlu|bf cfkm\gf] ;~rf/ k|lqmofdf lgs} cj¿4 ePsf] pgLx¿sf] 7x/ 5 . uPsf] df3df yjfª glhsaf6 ;Grfng ul//x]sf] pQm /]l8of] :6]zg zfxL ;]gfsf] u:tL cfPkl5 hnhnfdf nu]/ k|zf/0f u/]sf] Ps 5fkfdf/n] hfgsf/L lbP . To;cl3 pgLx¿n] slxn]sfxL hnhnfsf] 8f8f] / slxn] ufd cflb If]qaf6 k|zf/0f ul//x]sf x'Gy] .
dfcf]jfbL /]l8of]sf] ;dfrf/df …/]l8of] g]kfnÚn] eg]sf] s'/f ;a} v08g u/]/ lbg] u/]sf] 5 . pgLx¿sf ;dfrf/df k|fo cfkm\gf cfwf/ If]qdf u/]sf sfo{qmdsf] hfgsf/L, dfcf]jfbLn] ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ df/]sf] ultljlw / ljleGg dfgjclwsf/sf sfo{qmddf lbg] u/]sf 5g\ .
pgLx¿sf sfo{qmddf ;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO …slyt k'/fgf ;Qfsf] cbfntÚ egL ;+1f lbg] u/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL /]l8of]df /fli6"o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]unfO{ eg] Tolt cfnf]rgf u/]sf] ;'lgb}g . dfgjclwsf/jfbLnfO{ ;Ddfghgs efiff k|of]u ul//x]sf x'G5g\, cfkm\gf] /]l8of]df . t/, slxn]sfxL ;~rf/sdL{nfO{ …juL{o kqsf/Ú egL l6Kk0fL ug]{ u/]sf] ;'lgG5 .
dfcf]jfbLx¿ cfkm\gf] /]l8of]df ljxfg Ps 306f / j]n'sL b'O{ 306f sfo{qmd lbg] u/]sf 5g\ . clxn] dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf] If]qdf ;/sf/L /]l8of] g;'Gg ldNg] k|ljlwsf] k/LIf0f ul/x]sf] Ps dfcf]jfbL g]tfn] atfP . du/ft :jfoQ k|b]zsf k|d"v ;Gtf]if a'9fdu/sf cg';f/ oxL ljz]if If]qaf6} /]l8of]sf] ;]jf lj:tf/df dfcf]jfbL nfu]sf 5g\ .
e]/L s0ff{nLsf] /]l8of] ¿s'd /f]Nkfdf ;'Gg s]xL dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{n] a9L Ifdtf ePsf] l8lh6n /]l8of] af]Sg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . dfcf]jfbLåf/f 3f]lift ljz]if If]q yjfªdf j]n'sLkv dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{n] cfkm\gf] /]l8of] hgtfnfO{ ;'gfpg 7"nf] cfjfh vf]nL 3/sf] w'/Ldf /fv]sf] b]Vg kfOG5 .
dfcf]jfbL If]qdf :yfgLo sfo{stf{n] aLaL;L g]kfnL ;]jfnfO{ ;a}eGbf a9L e/kbf]{ ;~rf/ dfWodsf ¿kdf x]g{] u/]sf] du/ft :jfoQ k|b]zsf k|d"v ;Gtf]if a'9fdu/ atfpF5g\ . kf}g] gf}+ ah] /ftLsf] aLaL;L g]kfnL ;]jf k|fo ;a} dfcf]jfbL g]tfn] glj/fOsg} ;'Gg] u/]sf pgLx¿ atfpF5g\ . s;}s;}n] t aLaL;Lsf] ;dfrf/nfO{ /]s8{ u/]/ To;sf] ef]lnKfN6sf] ljxfgdf 5fkfdf/nfO{ ;'gfpg] u/]sf] Ps 5fkfdf/n] v'nf;f u/] .

bf];|f] cGt/fli6"o ;f+:s[lts d]nf

/fd k|;fb Gof}kfg], lgnd l3ld/]
sf7df8f}+ h'g !!, @))$

zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ bf];|f] cGt/fli6"o ;f+:s[lts d]nf @)^! ;DkGg eof] . cf7 b]zsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] pSt sfo{qmd a'waf/ v'Nnf d~rdf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] .
k|bz{gLdf tfOjfg, c:6]"lnof, Oh/fOn, ef/t sf]i6fl/sf, 8]gdfs{ / kf]Nof08 nufot g]kfnn] klg ;xeflutf hgfPsf] lyof] . zflGtsf] k|lts Ps hf]8L k/]jf p8fO{ z'ef/De ul/Psf] pQm d]nfdf g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 k|frLg dgh'>L g[To k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] .
lbp;f] rf/ ah] ;'?ePsf] pSt sfo{qmddf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] lgs} le8 b]lvGYof] . ;w} h;f] v'nf d~r ;+u}sf] /Tg kfs{df ;w} em}+ ToxL ;dodf cfGbf]ng ug]{x? eg] cfh cfGbf]ngdf guO{ ;f:s[lts sfo{qmddf nlDsPsf b]lvGy] .
ljZjsf ljleGg b]zsf cf cfkm\g} ;+:s[lt emNsg] vfnsf uLt tyf g[To k|:t't ubf{ g]kfnLx? lgs} /f]dfGrLt ePsf b]lvGy] . ljz]if t g]kfnLsf] dg g} nf]Eofpg] b[io eg]sf] 8]gdfs{ / Oh/fPnsf ;xefuLx?sf] pd]/ / pgLx?sf] g[To /x]sf] lyof] . nueu %) . ^)jif{ k'lu;s]sf dlxnf k'?ifx? klg nSsf hjfg o'jfk'jtL h:t} gfRbf pkl:yt bz{s?nfO{ klg gfRgdf ttfPsf] lyof] . To:t} cGo pkl:yt snfsf/x?n] klg lgs} /fd|f] snf k|:t'n u/]sf lyP .
o:tf vfnsf d]nf k|To]s b'O{ jif{sf] cGt/df ul/b} cfPsf] cfof]hs ;+:yf Pe/]i6 sNr/n u|'k g]kfnsf ;+:yfksn] atfP .

xnf] hf]Tg' ;fdfGo ag]sf] 5

ef]h/fh ef6
h'g !), @))$

afWotf M zx/lt/ slxn] cfGbf]ngsf] /fFsf] aN5 slxn] s]sf] /fFsf] aN5 t/ ufpF 3/lt/ dfcf]jfbLsf] /fFsf] 7"nf] an]sf] 5 . s;}sf z'/Iff kmf}hn] afa' dfl/lbPsf 5g\ s;}sf 3/sf >Ldfg\nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] ckx/0f u/L hgqmflGtdf xf]ldlbPsf 5g\ . bz jif{otf dfcf]jfbL åGåsf] k|ToIf df/ afnaflnsf / dlxnfdf k/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . oL t:jL/df b]lvPsL dlxnf eg] dWoklZrdsf] kxf8L lhNnf ¿s'dsf] l5ª uflj;df b'O{ jif{cl3 ;]gfn] afa' dfl/lbPkl5 af/L af+emf] 5f8]/ ljxfg a]n'sL xftd'v hf]8\g] s;/L eGb} cflv/ vfgsf nflu z'lznf xdfn hf]Tg afWo ePsL l5g\ . o:tf z'lznf xdfnh:tf w]/} gf/Lx? kxf8L efux?df xnf] hf]Tg afWo eO/x]sf 5g\ . z'lznf dfq xf]Og, ¿s'd, /f]Nkfnufot dWoklZrdsf kxf8L lhNnfdf dlxnfn] xnf] hf]Tg' ;fdfGo eO;s]sf] 5 . bz jif{ klxn] o;} If]qdf dlxnfn] xnf] hf]Tbf cz'esf ?kdf lnOGYof] . clxn] z'lznfsf bfh"x¿ hgo"4df nfu]kl5 3/sf] :fDKf"0f{ sfd ug]{ lhDd]jf/L pgsf] cleef/fdf cfOk/]sf] xf] .

x+us+usf g]kfnLx? ;lDawfg ;efsf] kIfdf

g]kfnLkf]i6 k|ltlglw
xªsª h'g )(, @))$

g]kfnL hgclwsf/ ;/f]sf/ ;dfh, x+us+usf] kxndf b'O{ dlxgf cufl8af6} ;lDawfg ;efsf] ;dy{gdf x:tfIf/ ;+sng ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] . To;df Aofks g]kfnLsf] ;xeflutf x'g yfn]kl5 x:tfIf/ dfq xf]Og 7fp 7fpdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf af/]df ax; klg x'g yfn]sf] 5 .
To;}nfO{ lnP/ g]kfnL hgclwsf/ ;/f]sf/ ;dfhn] x+us+udf /x]sf g]kfnL a'l4hLaLx?sf] e]nf u/fP/ cGt/s[of ug{] tf ls c? w]/} x:tfIf/ ;+sng ug{ ;lsof]; / ;dfhnfO{ ult lng c? xf};nf a9f];\ . nIo cg'?k ^ h'g @))$ df x+us+u js{; o'lgogsf] ;efxndf $) eGbf al9 a'l4lhaLx?sf] lar cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;kmn ePsf] 5 . pkl:yt ;a}n] ;lDawfg ;efsf] kxndf pT;flxt eP/ jsfnt u/]sf lyP .
sfo{qmd ;/f]sf/ ;dfhsf ;+of]hs /fd s'df/ /fO{sf] cWoIftfdf ;x;lra lhdL ls/ftn] ;Grfng ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . kf+r r/0fsf] sfo{qmddf klxnf] sfo{qmd clylt cf;g u|x0f lyof] / b]zsf] nflu n8bf n8b} alnbfgL d[t'c+ufNg k'u]sf dxfg zlxbx?sf] ;Demgfdf Ps ldg]6 df}g wf/0f bf]>f] sfo{qmd lyof] . To;kl5 sf sfo{qmdx?df o'jf sfo{stf{ w|'a s'df/ k'gn]5f]6f] :jfut efif0f ug'{ ePsf] lyof] / a'9of}lnb} uPsf] pd]/ eP klg hf]lznf hf+ul/nf cDa/ axfb'/ u'?8+) n] jt{dfg /fhf 1fg]b|nfO{ Ao8+) ub}{ sla lz/f]dl0f n]vgfy kf}8\ofnsf] d} vfpm d} nfp df]h d} u/x'sf] b'O{ x/km slatf;+u hf]8]/ AofVof ub}{ hflznf efif0f kl5 sfo{kq k|Zt't ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
kfr hgf aQmfx? /flvPsf] rf}yf] r/0fsf] sfo{qmddf kfFr}hgf aQmfx? ck|Tofl;t dGrdf k'Ug' k/] klg b]zn] dfu]sf] d"n laifo;+u sf]lx klg cgle1 gePsf] sf/0f ;/f]sf/ ;dfhn] /fv]sf] sfo{qmdnfO{ xflb{stfsf] ;fy :jfut ub}{ ;lDawfg ;efaf6 u0ftGq ;Dd} hfg] nIo /fv]/ a9fg' kg]{ cf;o dGtAodf AoQm u/]sf . klxn] aQm e'k]Gb| r]dhf]8)n] of}6f la?jfnfO{ kftdf xf]Og km]bdf g} ls/f nfu]sf] 5 eg] To:nfO{ pkrf/ xf]Og pv]n]/ kmof+Sg] / Tof] 7fpdf gof ;Unf] la?jf /f]Kg' k5{ eGg] pbfx/0f lbb} clxn]sf ;+;bafbL kf6L{x? eg] ;/sf/df uP/ To;nfO{ 6fn6'n ug'{ k5{ elg/x]sf 5g, t/ of] sbflk x'g ;Sb}g gof ;lDawfg cfpg} k5{ eGg'eof]] . af]Ng] l;nl;nfdf r]dhf]8) n] /fHon] hgtfnfO{ /}tLsf] ?kdf Aojxf/ ul//xg'sf] sf/0f lxGb" /fHon] a|fDxf0fafb nfb]/ hghflt x?nfO{ 6fpsf] p7fpg glbg' ;a} eGbf ;+s6 b]zsf] xf] e"ld k'q hghflt n] ha;Dd cfTdf lg0f{osf] clwsf/ kfpb}gg ta;Dd of] o'4 hf/L /xg]5 a|Dxf0fafbsf] s]Gb| laGb' PSsfO{;f} ztfAbLsf] /fhtGqsf] la?4df . pxfn] cfuf8L eGg' eof] /fhf ;a}sf] ;femf eG5 t/ sf7df8f}+df ePsf] ljZj ls/fFt ;Dd]ngdf ;fdfg k'j{s k7fPsf] lgDtf]nfO{ ckdfg k'j{s O{gsf/ ul/of] < / lxGb" ;Dd]ngdf lsg lagf lgDtf] g} cf;g u|x0f ug{ k'Uof] <
To:t} u/]/ g/]Gb /fO{n] x:tfIf/ ug{ w]/} dflg;x? tof/ /x]sf] s'/f phfu/ u/]/ o;nfO{ Aofks ?kdf lbg" kg]{ ;'emfa lbb} ;lDawfg ;ef nf]stflGqs ls u0ftflGqs stf nfg] eg]/ sfo{qmdsf] cf;o eGbf aflx/ hfg vf]Hg' ePsf] lyof] . g]kfndf nfdf] ;do;Dd afdkGyL ljrf/ af]Sg] kf6L{;+u cfa4 eP/ sfd ug'{ ePsf z]/ axfb'/ vfk'8)n] a'h'{jf kfl6{ elgPsf] g]kfnL sfu|];sf] sfo{stf{ / ;dy{s ;d]tn] gfdwf/L sDo'lgi6x?nfO{ Ps sbd k5fl8 pl5g]/ u0ftGqsf] gf/f 3GsfO/x]sf] of] 3l8 s]lx To:tf s';L k|]dL kbnf]n'k gSsnL sDo'lgi6 g]tfx?sf] kf6L{ 5f8]/ xfdL xfd|f] a|Dxn] b]v]sf] af6f]df nfUg} k5{ eg]/ hf]8 lbg'eof] . >f]tfx?sf] nfuL of]6f 5'6\} kl/ro af]s]sf rf}yf] aQmf /fdsfhL /fO{n] s]xL zAbx? cfkmg} kf/fdf pRrf/0f u/] klg @)$^ ;fnsf] lqklIfo ;Demf}tfnfO{ sf]6\ofpb} Tolt a]nfsf] ;lDawfgn] o}f6f dtjfnLsf] 5f]/f lgd{n nfdfnfO{ cNkdt kf/]/ tL tLg df]6f kf6L{sf dflyNnf] n]ansf] g]tfx?sf] lxtdf dfq ;lDawfg agfP/ xfdLn] olx s'/fsf] dgg ub}{ ca aGg]
;lEawfg g]kfnL hgtfsf] lxtdf x'g' kbf{ / o:sf] nflu xfdL h] ug{ klg tof/ x'g' k5{, olb
/fhf o:sf]nflu tof/ x'b}gg eg] /fhfnfO{ g}-kmofSQ_-lnDa'efiffdf_ klg ca tof/L ug{ ;Sg' k5{
xfdLn] . af]Ng] qmddf cufl8 eGg' eof] ;lDawfg ;efdf cfpg] ;+;bLo kf6L{sf pRr g]tfx? / /fhf lsg gf/fh 5g < eGg] k|Zg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
xfdLnfO{ ca yfxf eof], ;lDawfg ;ef / uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf ePsf] lg0f{o lgtL lgodx? plgx?nfO{ dfq xf]Og xfdLnfO{ klg nfu" x'G5, ef]ln ;/sf/df s'g} klg kf6L{ k'Ug ;S5 of] eGbf csf]{ lasNk 5}g eGg' eof] .
clGtd aQmf u0f]zO{hdn] af]Ng'eP kl5 ,xnn] sf]N6] km]/]/ cGt/s[ofdf k|j]z u/]sf] lyof] . pkl:yt ;a} k|ltudg la?4df bx\f] c8fg lnPsf a'l4hLaLx? ;lDawfg ;efsf] kxndf /x]sf sf/0f of] clGtd r/0fn] vf;} ;do lnPsf] b]lvPg . ;/f]sf/ ;dfhsf ;b:ox?n] x:tfIf/ ;+sng kmf/d lat/0f u/]/ olx h'nfO{sf] @ tfl/s ;a} kmf/dx? ;+sng u/]/ /fdsfhL /fO{sf] k|:tfa cg';f/ tLg kIfnfO{ -;/sf/,;+;bLo bn / dfcf]afbL_ nfO{ a'emfOg]] ePsf] 5 / pQm sfo{ g]kfnL hgclwsf/ ;/f]sf/ ;dfhn] ug]{ lg0f{odf k'u]kl5 ;/f]sf/ ;dfhsf ;+of]hs /fd s'df/ /fO{n]cGtdf of] sfo{qmd ;dfkg ePsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{eof] .

cfFvfbfgnfO{ dxfbfg dfGb} 5g\ g]kfnLx?

lzlz/ zdf{
sf7df8f}+ ^ h'g @))$

dflg; d/]kl5 p;sf cËx? hnfOG5g\ ls t ufl8G5g\ . t/ tL cËx? hLljtsf nflu klg sfd nfU5g\ . cfFvfsf] gfgL t vf;} cË klg xf]Og . of] t cfFvfsf] 8Nnfsf] aflx/L kq dfq xf] . t/ o;}sf] v/faLn] ljZjdf cGwf] ePsf dflg;x? lgs} 5g\ . g]kfnsf] /fhwfgL sf7df8f}+df cjl:yt kz'kltIf]qsf] cfo{3f6af6 d[To'kl5 hn]/ v]/hfg] cfFvfsf gfgL lgsfn]/ hLljt JolQmsf] v/fa cfFvfdf k|Tof/f]k0f ug]{ sfo{ ul/G5 .
nfoG; Sna ckm sf7df8f}+ kz'kltgfy / ltnuËf cfFvfs]Gb|sf] ;+o'Qm kl/of]hgfsf ?kdf ;g\ !((* df :yfkgf ePsf] cfFvfbfg ;"rgfs]Gb|n] k|foM b}lgs 3f6If]qdf NofOPsf d[tssf cfkmGtsf] ;xdltdf cfFvfsf] gfgL ;+sng u/L ltnuËf cfFvf s]Gb|nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ub{5 .
cfo{3f6If]qdf b}lgs ;/b/ !) hgfsf b/n] d[tJolQmx?nfO{ clGtd ;+:sf/sf nflu NofOG5 . d[t JolQmx?sf cfkmGtx?l;t ;xdlt lngsf nflu nfoG; Sna ckm kz'kltgfyn] pTk|]/s JolQmsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 eg] pgLx? cfFvfbfg ug{ pgLx? tof/ ePkl5 k|fljlwsx? pknAw u/fpg] sfo{ eg] ltnuËf cfFvf s]Gb|n] u/]sf] 5 . ltnuËf cfFvf s]Gb|n] cfkm}+ jf b]zsf c? cfFvf c:ktfndfkm{t\ cfFvfsf] gfgL k|Tof/f]k0f u/fpg] sfo{ ub{5 . clxn];Dd s"n Ps xhf/ eGbfa9L JolQmsf] 3f6If]qaf6} cfFvfsf] gfgLbfg eO;s]sf] 5 . o;/L cfpFbf bfg u/fpg]df !)! jif{sf j[4b]lv b'O{ jif{sf afns;Dd / e"tk"j{ k|wfgdGqL :j= dgdf]xg clwsf/L, slj s]bf/dfg …JolytÚ b]lv ;j{;fwf/0f hgtf;Dd /x]sf 5g\ . cfFvfbftfx? ;a}a9L ;+Vofdf afx'gIf]qL 5g\ eg] ltgs} xf/fxf/Ldf g]jf/x? /x]sf b]lvPsf 5g\ . cGo hfthfltsf] ;+Vof s"n cfFvfbftfsf] !@ k|ltzthlt dfq /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
cfFvfbfg cleofgsf] z'? ug]{ of]hgfsf/ /xg'ePsf nfoG; Snackm kz'kltgfysf ;+:yfks cWoIf jl/i7 snfsf/ nfog a}s'07dfg >]i7 eGg'x'G5- æcfFvf dflg;sf nflu geO{gx'g] c+u eOsg klg r]tgfsf] cefjdf csf]{ hLljt dflg;nfO{ ;+;f/ x]g{ gf;f] 5f8]/ hfg ;lsg] cfFvfsf gfgL -sf]lg{of_ To;} hn]/ uPsf] b]Vbf cfkm"nfO{ g/dfOnf] nfu]/ of] sfo{sf] z'?cft Snadfkm{t\ u/fPsf xf}+ .Æ ;g\ !(($ df ltnuËf cfFvf s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ePkl5 z'? ePsf] cfFvfsf] gfgL ;+sng sfo{df ($ b]lv (* ;Dd hDdf * hgfsf cfFvfsf gfgL ;+sng ePsfdf ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ePkl5 a;]{lg of] ;+Vof b'O{;osf b/n] ylkO/x]sf] 5 .
cd]l/sfsf] aflN6df]/ d]l/Nof08l:yt OG6/g];gn km]8/];g ckm cfO P08 l6:o" AofÍ;\n] lbPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ ljZjs} Psdfq ;+:yfsf ?kdf o;/L g]kfnsf] cfFvfbfg ;"rgf s]Gb|n] olt w]/} kl/df0fdf cfFvfsf] gfgL ;+sng u/]sf] 5 . /, Tof] klg cGwljZjf;sf] Hofbf k|efj kg]{ lxGb";dfhaf6 cfo{3f6h:tf] ;+a]bgzLn If]qdf o; lsl;dsf] r'gf}tLk"0f{ cleofg ;~rfng jf:tjdf k|z+;fof]Uo / cg's/0fLo klg ePsf] s'/f ;f] km]8/]zgsf k|ltlglw df}d'b km/fhfbf3Ln] ;"rgfs]Gb|df nfoG; Sna ckm kz'kltgfysf k|ltlglwx?l;tsf] s'/fsfgLdf atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
oxL h"g % sf lbg ltnuËf cfFvfs]Gb\|sf] kl/;/df Ps j[xb\ >4fGhnL ;efsf] cfof]hgf u/L d/0f]fk/fGt cfFvfsf gfgLbfg u/L cd/ ag]sf :ju{af;L JolQmx?sf] ;Ddfgdf ul/Psf] of] ;ef o;kfln kfFrf}+ k6s ul/Psf] xf] . ;df/f]xdf g]kfnsf nflu c:6]"lnofsf dxfdlxd /fhb"t s]y uf8{g/n] k|d'v cfltYo ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;df/f]xdf cfFvfbftf / cfFvfsf gfgL k|FKtstf{sf tkm{af6 lbOg] pb\uf/ dd{:kzL x'G5 / o;n] ToxfF pkl:yt ;a}nfO{ efjljef]/ agfpF5 . cfF;' yfDg g;Sg] To; cj:yfdf cfkm"x? klg d/]kl5 cfFvfbfg u/fpg OR5's ePsf] hgfpFb} cfFvfbfg OR5fkq eg]{x? klg y'k|} x'G5g\ . o;jif{ cfFvfbfg u/fpg] :ju{af;L @($ hgf bftfx?sf] ;Ddfgdf pgLx?sf kl/jf/hgnfO{ ;Ddfgkq klg ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . cfFvf kfpg]nfO{ lbg]sf] kl/ro / cfFvf lbg]sf gft]bf/nfO{ cfFvf kfpg]sf] kl/ro u/fpg eg] ljleGg sf/0fn] gldNg] egL cfFvf s]Gb|n] OGsf/ ul//x]sf] 5 . cfFvfsf gfgL ;+sng ug]{ k|fljlws ef]nf s];L eG5g\- ;a}sf] efjgf Pp6} x'Fb}g, kl/ro lbPsf sf/0f o;n] g/fd|F] ?k glnof];\ eg]/ o;f] ul/Psf] x]f .
b]zsf @^ hgf jl/i7 / Psbh{g slgi7 snfsf/x?n] lbj+ut cfFvfbftfx?k|lt >4f~hnL lb+b} d] #! / h'g ! sf lbg cfFvfbfg ;"rgf s]Gb|n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] b[li6sf] pkxf/ ljifos snf sfo{zfnfdf ;Fu} a;]/ lrqsnf lgdf{0f u/] . jl/i7 snfsf/ zzL zfx, pQd g]kfnL, ls/0f dfgGw/, ljho yfkf, pQd v/]n nufotsf snfsf/x?n] cfkm"x?af6 l;lh{t tL snfx? cfFvfbfg ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] cIfosf]ifsf] ;xof]ufy{ bfg ug'{ePsf] 5 . tL snfx? a9Ldf $( xhf/ / sDtLdf % xhf/ d"Nosf 5g\ . ltgsf] s"n d"No sDtLdf !! nfv ?k}ofF a/fa/ /x]sf] 5 .
>4f~hnL ;efsf cj;/df k|d'v cltly dxfdlxd /fhb"t s]y uf8{g/n] ;f] lrqsnf k|bz{gL tyf ljqmLsIfsf] klg pb\3f6g ug'{eof] . k|bz{gL :ynaf6 ;f]xL lbg b'O{nfv d"Nosf rf/j6f lrqx? ljqmL ePsf] hfgsf/L nfoG; Snackm sf7df8f}+ kz'kltgfysf cWoIf nfog /ljGb|dfg hf]zLn] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . ltnuËf cfFvf s]Gb|sf d]l8sn 8fO/]S6/ 8f= ;Gb's ?Ot eGg'x'G5 - æof] dfgjLo ;]jfsf lgldQ snfsf/x?af6 cIfosf]ifdf bfg lbOPsf oL lrqsnfsf vl/bstf{ ;dfh;]jL dxfg'efjx? klg sf]ifsf nflu bftf g} x'g'x'g]5 .Æ
nfoG; Sna ckm kz'klggfysf ;lrj nfog lbg]z kf}8\ofn eGg'x'G5-cfFvfbfg ;"rgfs]Gb|nfO{ cem cfw'lgs k|ljlwo'Qm agfP/ cfFvfsf] gfgL ;+sng s]Gb|x? kz'kltIf]qdf dfq geO{ sf7df8f}+sf z+vd"n3f6, 6]s"3f6 / zf]efeujtL If]qdf :yfkgf ug{] of]hgf 5 .Æ ljZjdf ;a}eGbf a9L cfFvfsf] cGwf]kgsf] sf/0f df]ltof ljGb' xf] eg] To;kl5 sf]lg{ofsf] ;d:of xf] . df]ltofljGb'sf] pkrf/sf nflu ljZjdf 7"nf] wg/fzL vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cGt/f{li6"o nfoG; Snasf] t …;fO6 km:6Ú gfdsf] Pp6f cleofg g} 5 df]ltofljGb' pkrf/sf nflu . t/ sf]lg{ofsf sf/0f cfFvfsf] Hof]lt u'dfpg k'u]sf dflg;x?sf nflu g]kfnsf] Pp6fdfq nfoG; Snan] sf]lg{of ;+sng / k|Tof/f]k0fsf nflu ljgfs'g} cfly{s ;'b[9Ls/0f of] cleofg z'? u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ljutsf jif{df x'g] u/]sf >4f~hnL ;efdf pkl:yt ljleGg JolQmx?sf] ;Nnfxdf :yfkgf ePsf] ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] cIfo sf]ifdf xfn;Dd ? tLgnfv %) xhf/ dfq ;+sng ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . sf]ifnfO{ k|FKt lrqsnfaf6 yk cy{ ;+sng ug]{ ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

dlxnf d"lt{sf/ M ;Ifd 5g\ t/ cj;/ 5}g

lgnd l3ld/]
sf7df8f}+ h'g ^, @))$

g]kfndf dlxnf d'lt{sf/sf] ;+Vof cToGt Go"g 5 . To;df klg 9'+Ëfsf] d'lt{sf/ cf}+nfdf uGg klg gk'Ug] 5g\ . h;df ;ld{nf, cld|tf / ;'h' sfo{df bIfx'g'sf ;fy} Aoj;fodf ;kmn ePsf 5g\ .
nfh / lzIffsf] cefjdf klg oL tLg dlxnf ;fRr} b]zs} cleGg c+usf ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ . lzIff xfl;n u/]sf] k|df0f kqn] dfq sfo{ bIftf k|fKt x'Fb}g eGg] pgLx?sf] nugzLntf / sfo{df kfPsf] ;kmntfn] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . o; sfddf cGo sfddf eGbf cem al9 an nfUg] ePsf]n] dlxnfx?nfO{ cem a9L r'gf}ltk'0f{ 5 .
cfkm\gf] k]zfdf ;Gt'i6 /x]sf] hfgsf/L lbb} cld|tf elG5g\,-…lzIff ljxLg ePklg leq}b]lv sfdug{ rfxgf / nugzLntf ePdf 3/d} a;]/ g} ug{ ;lsG5 . of] k]zfdf nfu]/ lbSs dfg]/ a:g' kb}{g cfkm\gf] b}lgs hLjg ofkg ug{ ;lsG5 . k}zfsf] cefj klg kb}{g .Ú
P;=Pn=;L= d} l;ldt lo lbbL alxgL cfkm\g} 3/df a;]/ 3/kl/jf/ af6 kfPsf] k|]/0ffn] o; If]qdf cuf8L cfpg ;kmn ePsf] atfpg] oL d'lt{sf/ ;fdfGo kl/jf/df x's]{/ cfh ljb]zL d'n'sdf ;d]t g]fkn / cfkm\gf] kl/ro lbg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ .
pgLx?n] agfPsf d'lt{x? cd]/Lsf, hfkfg nufotsf d'n'sx?df lgof{t e};s]sf] 5 . dlxnfn] agfPsf] d'lt{nfO{ ljb]zLx?n] al9 dxTj lbPsf]n] cfkm\gf] k]zfdf cema9L k|]l/t ePsf] ;ld{nfsf] egffO 5 .
xfn;Dd g]kfndf Psb]lv ;f]x| lkm6 ;Ddsf d'lt{x? agfOb} cfPsf] d'lt{sf/x?sf] egfO/x]sf] 5 . o;f] ePklg dlxnfx?af6 7'nf d"lt{x? agfpg] ck]Iffsf] ;+ej 5}g . lsgeg] 9'+Ëfsf] sfddf a9L an rflxG5 t/ dlxnfx?af6 of] w]/} g} r'gf}ltk"0f{ x'G5 . xfn;Ddsf] cg'ej cg';f/ pgLx? klg Psb]lv c7f/ O{Gr ;Ddsf d'lt{x? agfpg eg] ;kmn ePsf5g\ .
g]kfnL dlxnfn] h'gs'g} k]zf c+ufn] tfklg ljjfx cuf8L /fd|} eP klg, a}aflxs ;+aGwkl5 sfddf lg/Gt/tf lbg ;Sb}gg\ . pgLx? 3/fo;L sfddf Ao:t x'G5g\ . cem, of] sfd cGo eGbf emGeml6nf] x'g'sf];fy} a9L ufx|f] tyf w'nf] p8\g] sfd ePsf]n] of] k]zfdf dlxnfsf] ;xeflutfdf Xf; cfPsf]] ;'h'sf] bfjL 5 . o;} ;Gbe{df cld|tf elG5g\, …ljjfx klxn] ljxfg 5 ah]b]lv ;fem ;ft ah];Dd sfddf Jo:t x'Gy] t/ clxn] ljjfx u/]sf] rf/ jif{ eof] sfddf xft klg xfn]sf] 5}g . 3/fo;L sfdsfhdf Ao:t x'g'kg]{ afWotfn] ubf{ ;do lbg ;s]sL 5}g aRrf klg ;fgf] 5 t/ kl5 sfd u5'{ .Ú
;ld{nf klg p:t} vfnsf] ;d:of ef]u]sf] atfp+l5g\ . plg elG5g\,… klxn] ljxfg 5 b]lv;fem ;ft ah];Dd sfd uy]{ t/ ljjfx kl5 lbgdf b'O{ 306f dfq sfdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbgsfnflu sfd ug]{ u5'{ .Ú
afa' nf]s/fh / afh] a'4 /Tg ah|frfo{af6 sfd l;s]sf lo lbbL alxgL rf}w aif{sf] slnnf] pd]/b]lv x:tsnfdf Ao:t5g\ . lbbL ;dL{nf / alxgL cld|tf qmdzM sf]/f sfd / a'§f s'b\g] sfddf bIf x'g' /dfO{nf] kIf /x]sf] 5 . k':tf}gL k]zf ePsf]n] cfkm\g} kl/jf/df hGd]b]lv of] sfd ;+u kl/lrt ePsf] / afa' cfdfsf] k|]]/0fn] ;Ifd ePsf lo lbbL alxgL ;dfhdf cuf8L cfpg eg] ;s]sf 5}gg\ . lj8Djgf s] 5 eg], g]kfns} ljleGg :yfgx?df /x]sf d7 dlGb/x?df tyf ljleGg aflx/L d'n'sdf logLx?af6 agfOPsf d'lt{x? /flvPsf ePklg pgLx? cfh ;Dd s'g} klg ;+r/sf dfWoddf cfPsf 5}gg\ . jlQ d'lgsf] cWof/f] eg]em} /fhwfgLdf hlGdP/ x'ls{Psf lo d'lt{sf/ sfdug{ nfu]sf] b'O{ bzs ljlt;Sbfklg cf]em]ndf kl//x]sf 5g\ .
3/ kl/jf/ afx]s cGo dfG5] ;+u af]Ng ;d]t nfhdfGg] oL lbbL alxgL g]kfnL kf]i6sf] k|ltlglw dlxnf g} ePklg af]Ng ;s]gg\, cGo w/fo;L ukmu/]kl5 w]/} k|of;n] efO{ ho/fhsf] ;xof]un] aNn tNn of] hfgsf/L lng ;+ej ePsf] xf] .
nlntk'/sf] Ujfsf]{ l:yt …:6f]g sfle{ª ;]G6/Úsf] gfdn] d'n's leq tyf aflx/ k|Voft ePsf pgsf efO{ ho/fhsf] k"0f{ ;xof]udf d'lt{x? lg/Gt/ aflx/L d'n'sdf k9fpg] u/]sf5g\ . t/ slt b]zdf s;/L s'g d'Nodf k7fO{Psf] 5, eGg]af/] s]lx klg hfgsf/L 5}g pgLx?nfO{ . hfgsf/Lsf]nflu ho/fh ;+u ;f]Wg' k5{ . oL dlxnf bIf ePklg laleGg sfo{qmd, k|bz{gL tyf k|ltof]lutdf nfh nfUg] ePsfn] efulng] u/]sf 5}gg\ . To;f] t xfd|f] g]kfndf xhf/f} o:tf lbbL alxgLx? 3/d} l;ldt 5g\ . sd lzIff / k5f}6] kgsf] sf/0f nf]slk|otf kfpg g;s]sf] s}of}+ o:tf pbfx/0fx? tkfO{ xfdL ;fd' 5g\ . xfn ;Dd h;sf] s'g} n]vfhf]vf g} 5}g . sltko lbbL alxgL xftdf l;k ePklg plrt ;Ddfg tyf :yfg kfO/x]sf x'b}gg\ . h;dWo oL ltg dlxnf ;fob cu| :yfgd} kb{5g\ .
ljut b'O{ bzsb]lv sfddf tlNng oL dlxnfx?sf d'lt{x? sltko lgof{t eO;s]sf] 5 eg] slt hfg]qmddf 5g\ . pgLx?n] agfPsf d'lt{x?df w]/} h;f] a'4sf x/]s cf;g jf cjtf/, eujtL, ;/:jtL,sfnL tyf lzjhLsf ljleGg d'lt{x? kb{5g\ .
Ao:t ho/fh cfkm' aflx/L d'n'sdf hfbf ljb]zLn] g]kfnL dlxnfn] agfPsf] d'lt{nfO{ al9 g} dxTj lbg] u/]sf] / o;sf] dfu klg ug]{ ePsf]n] x/]s k6s aflx/ hfg] qmddf n}hfg] u/]sf] atfp+5g\ .
xfn;fn} cd]l/sfsf] Ps Do"lhodsf nflu a'4sf] hLjg lnnf, tyf ljleGg ;dosf :t'kfx?sf] :k?k nufPtsf d"lt{ agfpg Jo:t ho/fh d"lt{ k'¥of{pg hfg] qmddf lbbLx?n] agfPsf] d'lt{ n}hfg] t}of/L /x]sf] atfP .
ho eG5g\ lbbLx?n] agfPsf] d'lt{sf] dfu Psbd} al9 5 . t/ lbbLx? gt ;do g} w]/} lbg ;Sg'x'G5 . g aflx/ hfg g} t}of/ x'g'x'G5 . g dfG5]x?;Fu v'n]/ af]Ng'x'G5 . To;}n] lbbLx?nfO cuf8L Nofpg ufXf] ePsf] 5 .
xfn;Dd nf]s/fhsf] sf/vfgfdf hDdf !% hgf dlxnfn] sfd l;s]sf 5g\ . h;df s]xL lab]zL dlxnfx? klg /x]sf 5g\, hf] cd]l/sf, hfkfg, tyf k|mfG;sf Ps Ps hgf /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} wd{/fhsf] sf/vfgfdf klg @ hgf k|lzIffyL{ d'lt{sf/sf] ?kdf sfd ub}{5g\ . sfd l;Sg cfPklg lard} 5f8\g] tyf l;s]klg sdfdf lg/Gt/tf glbg] ;d:of /x]sf] :6f]g sfle{ªsf ;+rfns atfp+5g\ .
xfn;Dd ;/sf/L lgsfon] k|f]T;fxgsfnflu o;df s'g} klg sfd gu/]sf] u'gf;f] ;a} d'lt{sf/df /x]sf] 5 . 9'+Ëfsf] cefj klg TolTts} v8\s]sf] plgx?sf] egfO{ 5 .

kqsf/ 6f]nLsf] 8L;Ldf :jfut

g]kfnL kf]i6 k|ltlglw
jfl;+ª6g 8L;L h'g )^, @))$

cd]l/sL ;/sf/sf] lgdGq0ffdf cd]l/sfsf] e|d0f ul//xg'ePsf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf tf/f bfxfn, sf]iffWoIf lzj ufpFn] / jl/i7 kqsf/x? o'j/fh l3ld/], gf/fo0f jfUn], lszf]/ >]i7sf] :jfutfy{ g]]kfn cd]l/sf kqsf/ ;+3, jfl;+ª6g 8L;Ln] h'g $ sf] ;fFemdf g]kfnL kf]i6sf] sfof{nodf Ps :jfut sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/\of] .
pQm cj;/df g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf tf/f bfxfnn] g]kfn cd]l/sf kqsf/ ;+3n] g]kfnL kqsf/x?k|lt u/]sf] ;xof]u / ;b\efjn] g]kfnL kqsf/x?sf] dgf]an a9\g] sfd u/]sf] 5 eGb} cfpg] lbgdf klg o;n] lg/Gt/tf kfO/xg] cfzf pxfFn] /fVg'eof] . s]xL ;docl3 dfcf]jfbL4f/f dfl/Psf kqsf/ 1fg]Gb| v8\sfsf] kl/jf/k|lt cd]l/sfdf a:g] g]kfnL kqsf/x? / cGo JolQmx?n] u/]sf] ;xof]uk|lt pxfFn] wGojfb lbg'x'Fb} cfpg] lbgx?df xfdLn] s] s:tf sfo{x? ldn]/ ug{ ;S5f}+ To;k|lt lg/Gt/ ;/;Nnfxf /lx/xg] 5f}+ eGb} cd]l/sfdf a;]/ g]kfn / g]kfnLk|lt lrlGtt kqsf/ ldqx?sf] ;x|fgf ug'{eof] .
To;}u/L csf{ jl/i7 kqsf/ o'j/fh l3ld/]n] g]kfnL kqsfl/tf If]qdf cem} klg w]/} vfn] r'gf}ltx? 5g\ eGb} 7fpF 7fpFaf6 vfd lng] rngsf] cGTo gu/];Dd g]kfnL kqsfl/tf If]q s'g} g s'g} kf6L{ of ju{eGbf dfly p7\g g;Sg] ljrf/ pxfFn] /fVg'eof] .
To;}u/L kqsf/ lszf]/ >]i7n] cd]l/sfdf a;]/ klg g]kfnLx?sf nflu ;xL ;"rgfsf] k|jfx ul//x]sf] g]kfnL kf]i6k|lt uj{ ub}{ pxfFn] g]kfnL kf]i6 zfxL ;]gfb]lv lnP/ k|x/L k|zf;g / ;a} k|sf/sf ;~rf/dfWodx?sf nflu Pp6f ;]t'sf] sfd u/]sf] 5 eGb} o;sf] pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf] sfdgf ug'{eof] .
pQm cj;/df sflGtk'/sf ;Dkfbs gf/fo0f jfUn], lxdfn va/ klqsfsf ;dfrf/ k|d'v lzj ufpFn] klg af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .
cd]l/sf g]kfn kqsf/ ;+3sf cWoIf tyf g]kfnL kf]i6sf k|wfg ;Dkfbs lu/Lz kf]v/]nn] g]kfnL kqsfl/tf If]qdf g]kfnL kf]i6sf sltko ;dfrf/ tyf n]vx? k'gM k|sfzg ul/g] t/ To:tf k'gM k|sflzt ul/Psf ;fdu|Lx?nfO{ ;fef/ ;d]t glbg] rngnfO{ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] klg ljz]if lsl;dn] lgu/fgL /fVg] / kqsf/ cfrf/;+lxtfk|lt kxn rfNg'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbb}+ g]kfnL kqsfl/tf If]qsf nflu cd]l/sfdf /x]/ ug{ ;Sg] ;xof]u / ;b\efjsf nflu cfkm"x? tof/ /x]sf] s'/f pNn]v ug'{eof] .
k|wfg ;Dkfbs kf]v/]nn] cfkm\gf ;dsfnLg ldqx?sf] cd]l/sfdf :jfut ug{ kfpFbf cfkm" v'zL /x]sf] atfpFb} o:tf ;+jfbx? cfufdL lbgdf klg eO/xg] s'/f pNn]v ug'eof] .
To;}u/L g]kfnL kf]i6sf ;Dkfbs ls/0f l;6f}nfn] g]kfnL kqsf/ ldqx?sf] :jfut ug{ kfPsf]df v'zL JoQm ub}{ g]kfnL kqsfl/tfk|lt cd]l/sfdf /x]/ ug{ ;Sg] s'/fx?k|lt ;/;Nnfxf u/]/ cfufdL lbgdf cufl8 a9\g] s'/f atfpg'eof] .
g]kfnL kf]i6s} tkm{af6 v]ns"b kqsf/ dgf]h cfrfo{n] klg cfuGt'sx?sf] :jfut ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
pQm :jfut sfo{qmddf 8f= lrqs[i0f ltjf/L, 8f= cg'k kxf8L, 8f= u'0f/fh ;'j]bL, sljtf e§/fO{, /]l8of] bf]efgsf ;~rfns tyf k|jGws gu]Gb| kf}8]n, ;/u/dfyf 6]lnlehgsf ;~rfns /fd v/]n, xl/a+z b'nfn, k|tfk clwsf/L, g]q l3l;ª, 8Da? clwsf/L, /fh]Gb| yfkf, k|]d ;+u|f}nf, k|fWofks df]xg l;6f}nf, sljGb| l;6f}nf nufotsf :yfgLo g]kfnLx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
@! lbgsf] e|d0fsf nflu cd]l/sL ;/sf/sf] lgdGq0fdf cfPsf] pQm kqsf/x?sf] 6f]nLn] jfl;+ª6g 8L;Lkl5 ldl;l;kL, 8]ga/ sf]nf]/f8f] / Go'of]s{sf] e|d0f ug]{5g\ .

dfcf]jfbLn] k"jL{ g]kfndf krkGg s/f]8eGbf a9Lsf] Iflt k'¥ofP

g]kfnL kf]i6 k|ltlglw
lj/f6gu/ h'g )^, @))$

dfcf]jfbL …hgo'4Ú ;'? ePsf] gf} jif{sf] cjlwdf g]kfnsf] k"jf{~rn ljsf; If]qsf ljleGg lhNnfdf dfcf]jfbLtkm{af6 ePsf] Wj+;df krkGg s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . pgLx?n] ljleGg lhNnfdf /x]sf ef}lts ;+/rgf Wj:t kf/]sfdfq 5}gg\, a}+snufotsf ljlQo ;+:yfaf6 gub} klg n'6]sf 5g\ . k"jf{~rnsf ljleGg !^ lhNnfdf emf]n'+u]k'n / 6]lnkmf]gsf 6fj/h:tf cTofjZos ;+/rgf klg dfcf]jfbLn] Tolt cjlwdf Wj:t kf/]sf 5g\ .
of] cjlwdf ;a}eGbf a9L Iflt leqL dw]z kg]{ pbok'/ lhNnfdf pgLx?n] k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . wgs'6fl:yt k"jf{~rn If]qLo k|zf;g sfof{nosf cg';f/ pbok'/df ljleGg ;+/rgf Wj:t ePotf !& s/f]8 &! nfv $) xhf/ & ;o #* ?k}of" a/fa/sf] gf]S;fgL ePsf] 5 . Wj+;af6 ;a}eGbf sd rflx+ ;Kt/L lhNnfdf ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . hxfF #* nfv %! xhf/ $ ;o ^^ ?k}of" a/fa/sf] gf]S;fgL ePsf] 5 .
t]x|y'ddf Ps s/f]8 *( nfv %@ xhf/, * ;o @ ?k}of", ef]hk'/df tLg s/f]8 #! nfv %) xhf/ & ;o @ ?k}of", ;ªv'jf;efdf ? *! nfv *$ xhf/ ^ ;o @(, cf]vn9'+ufdf b'O{ s/f]8 *% nfv !@ xhf/ $ %*?k}of" , vf]6fªdf tLg s/f]8 %@ nfv ^ xhf/ @ ;o @ ?k}of" / l;/xfdf (^ nfv #* xhf/ ?k}of" a/fa/sf] ef}lts ;+/rgf gi6 ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .
;f]n'v'Da' lhNNffdf !! s/f]8 !@ nfv ^& xhf/ ! ;o *# ?k}of" / tfKn]h'ª lhNnfdf b'O{ s/f]8 !@ nfv ^& xhf/ ! ;o (( ?k}of"sf] ef}lts Iflt ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . kf"ry/ lhNnfdf Ps s/f]8 &! nfv @) xhf/ # ;o ($ ?k]of", Onfddf Ps s/f]8 *( nfv $* xhf/ * ;o %! ?k}of", emfkfdf rf/ s/f]8 @# nfv &% xhf/ @ ;o @ ?k}of", df]/ªdf $) nfv $# xhf/ % ;o #% ?k}of", ;'g;/Ldf b'O{ s/f]8 rf/ nfv && xhf/ (!, wgs'6fdf $^ nfv &# xhf/ ! ;o ^# ?k}of" a/fa/sf] ef}lts Iflt o; cjlwdf k'¥ofOPsf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] klZrdL ljs6 lhNnfaf6 ;'? ePsf] dfcf]jfbL …hgo'4Ú n] lj:tf/} k"jL{ e]usf lhNnfx?df lj:tfl/t ?k lng yfn]sf] 5 . Ps ;|f]tsf cg';f/ klZrddf ;lqmo 5fkfdf/ tyf s]xL pRr:t/ g]tf cr]n k"jL{ ufpFx?df ;lqmo x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . cl3Nnf] dlxgf dfcf]jfbLn] ef/tsf] bflh{lnª;Fu ;LdfjtL{ Onfdsf] kz'kltgu/df /x]sf] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nodf cfqmd0f u/L Ps k|x/L lg/LIfs;lxt b'O{sf] xTof u/]sf lyP . To;a]nf pgLx?n] ckx/0f u/]sf #! ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ kRrL; lbgkl5 ;+v'jf;efsf] n]sfnL ufpFaf6 cGt/f{li6"o /]8qm;sf k|ltlglw;d]tsf] pkl:yltdf d'Qm u/]sf lyP .
k"jL{ e]udf s]Gb|Lt dfcf]jfbLn] k"j{sf s'g} klg kxf8L lhNnfdf cfhef]ln g} cfqmd0f ug]{ egL lbgx'Fh;f] xNnf rln/x]sfn] :yfgLojf;L ql;t ag]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L dfcf]jfbLn] k"j{sf ;a}h;f] ufpFaf6 ;of}{sf] ;+Vofdf lzIfs tyf :yfgLojf;Lsf] ckx/0f u/L s]xL lbg …k|lzIf0fÚ lbPkl5 d'Qm ug]{ cleofg} rnfPsf 5g\ . o:tf 36gfsf sf/0f sltko ufpFsf o'jf knfog ePsf 5g\ .

;'/Iffkmf}håf/f lzIfs, cleefjs / ljBfyL{ lu/km\tf/

u0f]z e08f/L
sf7df8f}+ h'g )^, @))$

h'Dnfl:yt dfcf]jfbLx?n] :yfgLo ljBfnox?df lzIfsx?n] hgjfbL lzIff k9fpg' kg{], sDJofS6 8|];df ljBfno hfg' kg{] / cfkm\gf] tnasf] %) k|ltzt rGbf lbg' kg{] h:tf bafa s]lx lbg b]lv lb+b} cfPsf lyP . pQm bafasf] kfngf gu/]sf] eGb} ljBfnox? aGb u/fO{ )^! h]7 @# ut] dfcf]jfbLn] :yfgLo cleefjs, lzIfs / ljBfyL{x?nfO{ u0ftGqsf] gf/f nufpg nufO{ dxt uflj;;Dd NofP/ ;b/d'sfd gf/f nufp+b} hfg afWo kf/]sf lyP . sl/a * ;o hltsf] ;+Vofdf To;/L u0ftGqsf] gf/f nufp+b} NofOPsf cleefjs, lzIfs / ljBfyL{dWo] ;'/IffsdL{n] @ ;o hgf hltnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] 5 . lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf dWo] %* hgf lzIfs ;lxt s]lx cleefjs / ljBfyL{nfO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf /flvPsf] 5 eg] c?nfO{ ;}lgs Jof/]sdf /flvPsf] s'/f h'Dnfl:yt :yfgLoaf;L l;tf/fd dxtn] o; k|ltlglwnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf 5g\ . To;f] t cfhb]lv h'Dnfdf dfq x}g b]z el/s} lzIf0f ;+:yfx? aGb ePsf 5g\ . qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?n] ;/sf/n] cft+ssf/L eGg] zAb lkmtf{ lng / ut ;fn ePsf] ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog gePsf] lj/f]wdf clglZrt sflng aGbsf] z'?cft u/]sf x'g\ .

lghL ljBfnox? bz lbgnfO{ aGb

dgf]/~hg zdf{
kfNkf, d] )^, @))$

ljleGg /fhg}lts kf6L{ / pgLx?sf] eft[ ;+u7gn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] aGb, rSsfhfd, cfdx8tfn gfsfaGbL h:tf sfo{qmd b]v]/ kfNkf ;b/d'sfd tfg;]gdf /x]sf !% j6f lghL ljBfno x?n] h]i7 @) ut]b]lv h]i7 #) ut] ;Dd !! lbg ljBfno aGb ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf 5g\ .
kfNkf cfjf;Lo dfljsf k|wfgfWofks 4fl/sfk|;fb zdf{n] hfgsf/L lbP cg';f/ lhNnf lzIff sfof{no kfNkfsf clwsf/L uf]kfns[i0f kf}8]nsf] ;d'kl:yltdf a;]sf] k|wfgfWofksx?sf] a}7sn] b]zdf c;xh kl/:ylt ;[hgf ePsf] hgfpb} ljBfno aGb ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf xf] . pgLx?n] of] ljbfnfO{ av]{ ljbfaf6 s6f}tL ug]{ ;d]t atfPsf 5g\ .
o; lsl;dsf] aGbn] c;f/ !# ut]b]lv x'g] k|yd q}dfl;s kl/Iff k|efljt x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 . xKt} lkR5] x'g] aGb, gfsfaGbL cfdx8\tfnsf sf/0fn] ubf{ ;dod} kf7\oqmd k9fpg g;lsg] ePkl5 oxfFsf lghL ljBfnox?n] xKtfsf] ;ft} lbg $@ 306f k9fpg yfn]sf 5g\ .
o;sf] ;Lsf] u/L ;/sf/L ljBfnox?n] ;d]t z'qmjf/ klg rf/ah] ;Dd cWofkg u/fpg yfn]sf 5g\ .
o;} ;Gb{edf cg]/f:jljo' qmflGtsf/Ln] h]7 @$ ut] b]lv cfof]hgf ug]{ eg]sf] cfd z}lIfs x8tfnsf sf/0fn] ubf{ nfvf} ljBfyL{x?sf] eljio dfly v]njf8 ePsf] 5 . cfd z}lIfs x8tfn x'g] hfgsf/L w]/} ;do cufl8 kfpbfF klg alx/f]n] em} g;'gL j:g] ;/sf/sf] s:tf] lgotL xf] <
qmflGtsf/L ldqx?sf] dfu klg hfoh g} xf] . ;/sf/n] Ps b]lv bz;Dd lgz'Ns lzIff lbg] atfP klg ljBfnox?n] ljleGg jxfgfdf /sd p7fpb} cfPsf 5g\ .
t/, ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg jGb g} xf]Og xfdL ;j}n] j'em\g' kg]{ s'/f of] 5 sL ;dfwfgsf] pQd pkfo eg]sf] jftf{ g} xf] t;y{ ;a}n] aGbsf] sfo{qmd lkmtf{ lnO{ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;xh ?kdf k9\g kfpg] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug'{kg]{ wf/0ff :yfgLo a'l4hLjLx?sf] /x]sf] 5 .
;/sf/sf] lkmtnf] lgtLsf sf/0f ;/sf/L ljBfnox?n] klg jfWotfn] ubf{ lkm; p7fpg' k/]sf] k|wfgfWofksx? atfp5g\ . st} dfcf]jfbLsf] ckx/0fdf lzIfs ljBfyL{ k/]sf 5g\ eg] st} ;/sf/n] g} :s'n lx8]sf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ af6} af6 ;f]wk'5sf] gfddf lx/f;tdf /fVb5 .

g]kfnsf k|wfgdGqL cem} klg ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf <

pd]z >]i7
h'g $, @))$

k|wfgdGqL kbaf6 ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] /fhLgfdf lbg'ePsf] tLg ;ftf lalt;Sof] . >L % af6 z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm ug'{ePs} klg tLg lbg eO;Sof] . b]pjfn] kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky u|x0f u/]/ l;+xb/af/ hfg yfNg'ePs} klg Ps lbg k"/f eO;Sof] . t/, g]kfnsf k|wfgdGqL cem} ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf g} x'g\ /], of] s'/f ;'Gbf tkfO{+nfO{ crDd nfUof] xf]nf / dgl:ylt 7Ls gePsf] s;}n] o:tf] eg]sf] em}+ nfUof] xf]nf . t/ x}g, o:tf] bfaL u/]sf] xf] g]kfn s} k|wfgdGqLsf] sfof{nosf] cflwsfl/s j]a;fO6n] .
k|wfgdGqLsf] sfof{nosf] cflwsfl/s j]a;fO6sf] g]kfnL ;+:s/0f www.pmo.gov.np/nepali.htm df h'g $ ;Dd klg k|wfgdGqLsf] ?kdf ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf eg]/ kl/ro u/fOPsf] 5 / ;fydf lgjt{dfg k|wfgdGqLsf] t:aL/ klg /flvPsf] 5 . ;f]xL j]a;fO6sf] c+u|]hL ;+:s/0fdf eg] k|wfgdGqLsf] gfd z]/axfb'/ b]pjf n]lvPsf] 5 . t/, t:aL/ eg] km]l/ yfkf s} /flvPsf] 5 .
o;cl3 yfkf k|wfgdGqL ag]sf] Ps dlxgf;Dd klg To; j]a;fO6df k|wfgdGqLsf] ?kdf pxfFsf k"j{jtL{ nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbs} gfd b]lvPsf] va/ ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 yfkfn] l;+xb/af/ d} ;DalGwt JolQmx?nfO{ af]nfP/ t'?Gt pQm ;fO6nfO{ ck8]6 ug{ nufpg' ePsf] lyof] . /, To;}a]nfb]lv g} of] ;fO6df g]kfnLdf klg s]xL ;fdfu|L /fVg yflnPsf] lyof] .
k|wfgdGqLsf] sfof{no h:tf] ;+j]bgzLn If]qsf] j]a;fO6df klg af/Daf/ o:tf uNtL e]l6g'n] ;/sf/n] a]nfavtdf ug]{ u/]sf] O{ ueg]{G;sf] s'/fnfO{ xfjfdf p8fOlbPsf] lj1x? atfpF5g\ .
To;f] t k|wfgdGqLsf] sfof{nosf] j]a;fO6sf] pkfb]otf d]/f] klg j]a;fO6 5 x} eg]/ OG6/g]6sf gf}l;lvofx?n] km'?+u /dfpg] ;fdfgh:tf] dfq} ePsf] 5, gfd pNn]v ug{ grfxg] Ps sDKo'6/ j]a k|f]u|fd/ eG5g\ . cd]l/sf s} x\jfO6 xfp;sf] j]a;fO6nfO{ x]g'{;\, ToxfF /fi6"klt ejgsf] er'{cn 6'/b]lv lnP/ df}sf k/] em08}em08} /fi6"kltl;t} geP pxfFsf ;Nnfxsf/l;t Rof6 ug{ kfOG5, O{d]ndf k|Zg ;f]Wg kfOG5, /fi6"kltsf] hLjgLb]lv lnP/ xfn;Dd /fi6"klt ag]sfx?sf] ;"rL x]g{ kfOG5 . g]kfndf eg] xfn;Ddsf k|wfgdGqLx?sf] ;"rL vf]Hg ls t ;fdfGo 1fg} kN6fpg' k5{ ls eg] Oltxf; klg hfg]sf] / jt{dfg 36gfsf af/]df klg hfgsf/L /fVg] lj1l;t ;f]wvf]h ug'{k5{ . z]/axfb'/ b]pjf t];|f] k6s k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf] xf], of] tYo t ;a} ;~rf/dfWodn] k|sfzdf NofPs} x'g\ . t/, pgL g]kfnsf slt cf}+ k|wfgdGqL x'g\, of] ;DaGwdf eg] cem} s;}n] pNn]v ug{ ;s]gg\ .

Pgcf]Psf] t]>f] jflif{s ;Dd]ng

lg/~hg /]UdL
h'g )$, @))$

ut d] #) cfOtaf/ d]l/Nof08sf] kf]6f]Dofsdf g]jf cu{gfOh];g ckm cd]l/sf -Pgcf]P_ sf] t]>f] jflif{s ;+d]ng ;DkGg eof] .
sfo{afxs /fhb't ?b| g]kfnsf] k|d'v cflyTodf ;~rflnt pSt ;Dd]ngdf 8L;L d]6|f]kf]ln6g Pl/ofdf /x]sf g]kfnLx? nufot cd]l/sfsf] ljleGg /fHodf a;f]af; ug]{ g]kfnLx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
;:yfsf cWoIf a]b k|wfgn] pSt sfo{qmddf pkl:ytx?sf] :jfut ub}{ Pgcf]Pn] b]zaf6 6f9f /x]klg g]kfn efiff, ;+:s[lt / k/Dk/f hu]{gf ug'{sf ;fy} sf7df8f}+l:yt sLlt{k'/df lgdf{0f e}/x]sf] g]kfn efiff k|1f k|lti7fgsf] nflu rGbf ;+sng ul/ cfly{s ;xof]u ug]{ k|lta4tf AoSt ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
;f] sfo{qmddf ;f]xL ;+:yfsf dxf;lrj lqe'jg t'nfw/n] ;+:yfsf] jflif{s k|lta]bg tyf sf]iffWoIf an/fd hf]zLn] cfly{s k|lta]bg k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;fFemdf Ps /dfOnf] ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] .

ef/t;Fu zflGtsf] ;xof]usf nflu g]kfnLsf] ckLn

g]kfnLkf]i6 k|ltlglw
h'g )$, @))$

g]kfnL hgtfsf gfdaf6 s]xL al4hLjLx?n] h'g # df Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt ub}{ ef/tLo ;/sf/n] lbg] ;xof]u ;}lgs ;xfotf x}g zflGtsf nflu ;xof]u ug{ ckLn ul/Psf] 5 . ckLndf elgPsf] 5,
æg]kfndf r/d /fhgLlts ;+s6 / k|ltudgsf] if8oGq tLa| eO/x]sf] a]nf ef/tLo ;/sf/af6 l5d]sL b]zdf zflGtsf nflu kxn ug'{sf] ;f6f] ;}lgs ;xfotf lbg] ;}lgs:t/sf] lg0f{on] xfdL g]kfnL hgtf lgs} b'lvt ePsf 5f}+ .
ljutdf kmf;LjfbL rl/q af]s]sf] ef/tLo hgtf kf6L{ u7aGwgsf] xf/ x'g'af6 g]kfndf zflGtaxfnLsf nflu ef/tLo ;/sf/n] ;xof]u ug]{ cfzf /fv]sf g]kfnL Gofok|]dL g]kfnL hgtfx? jt{dfg ef/tLo ;/sf/sf] of] sbdaf6 emg} ;z+lst x'gkg]{ l:ylt l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . cfkm"nfO{ ljZjs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] nf]stflGqs /fi6" eGg] / k|ultzLn rl/q af]s]sf] bfjL ug]{ gjlgjf{lrt ;/sf/n] ;fj{ef}d;Qf;DkGg l5d]sL b]znfO{ xltof/ ;xof]u u/]/ cfGtl/s dfdLnfdf x:tIf]ksf ;fy} g]kfnf{ cem ;}lglss/0ftkm{ ws]ln/x]sf] 5 . Psflt/ nf]stGqsf] kIfw/ /x]sf] bfaL u/]/ g]kfnsf k|hftflGqs zlQmx?nfO{ ;xof]u u/]h:tf] ug]{, csf]{lt/ ;}lglss/0f nflb/x]sf] b/af/nfO{ k/f]If of k|ToIf?kdf d2t k'¥ofpg] sfdaf6 ef/tsf] å}w rl/q b]lvPsf] 5 . of] l:yltdf, g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ dfg{ / g]kfnnfO{ cem} ;}lglss/0ftkm{ ws]Ng] dgzfon] ef/tLo ;/sf/n] g]kfnnfO{ b'O{j6f x]lnsf]K6/ / xltof/ lbg] ;DaGwL ;}lgs:t/df ul/Psf] lg0f{osf] 3f]/ la/f]w tyf eT;{gf ub{5f}+ .
g]kfnL hgtfn] ;fdflhs Gofo;lxtsf] ;fj{ef}d rl/q af]s]sf] k|hftflGqs /fHo;+/rgf / zflGt rfx]sf] 5 . g]kfndf ljut s]xL ;do otf rn]sf] lx+;fTds åGåsf] cGTo / zflGtk"0f{ ;dfhsf] :yfkgf g]kfnL hgtfsf] jt{dfgsf] klxnf] cfjZostf xf] . xfdLn] zflGt:yfkgfdf ;xof]u ug{ ljutb]lv g} cGt//fli6"o ;d'bfol;t ckLn ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . ca xfdL o'4 rfxGgf}+, xfdLnfO{ zflGt rflxPsf] 5 . g]kfndf r/d /fhgLlts ;+s6 rln/x]sf] a]nf x'g;Sg] j}b]lzs x:tIf]ksf lj?4 xfdLn] af/Daf/ va/bf/L ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts ;+s6 cfGtl/s ljifo ePsf]n] o;df s'g}klg sf]0faf6 x'g] x:tIf]k g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;x\o x'g] 5}g . k/fk"j{sfnb]lv cToGt k|uf9 / d}qLk"0f{ ;DaGw /x]sf] ef/tn] g]kfnL hgdtsf] pk]Iff ub}{ ;}lgs ;xfotf lbg'eg]sf] cfkm\gf] lj:tf/jfbL rl/qnfO{ emg} pbf+uf] kfg'{ xf] eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 .
clxn] ef/tdf hgtfsf] kIfw/tfsf] bfjL ug]{ bnx?sf] ;+o'Qm u7aGwg ;/sf/ ;Qf;Lg ePsf] l:yltdf ;}lgs:t/df ul/Psf] of] lg0f{on] :jo+ k|ultzLn u7aGwgsf] 5lj ;d]t /fli6"o cGt/fli6"o :t/df v/fa . xfdL gj lgjf{lrt ef/tLo ;/sf/l;t g]kfnnfO{ ;}lgs ;xfotf xf]Og, cGo If]qdf ;xof]u ug{ xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . xltof/sf] ;xof]un] g]kfn-ef/t ;DaGw cfTdLo x'g;Sb}g . o;n] b'O{ b]zaLrsf] d}qL ;DaGwdf lgs} k|lts"n c;/ kfg{] lglZrt 5 . To;}n] ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv g]kfnnfO{ ;a}eGbf a9L ;}lgs ;xfotf lbg] /fi6"x?dWo] klxnf] /x]sf] ef/tLo ;/sf/n] c;n l5d]sLsf] gftfn] cfkm\gf] ;}Go ;xfotf /0fgLltdf tTsfn k'g/ljrf/ ug'{k5{ . xfdL ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL hgtfx? ;}lgs:t/df ul/Psf] pQm lg0f{onfO{ vf/]h ug{ gj lgjf{lrt ;/sf/;dIf xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .
cGtdf, ef/tLo ;/sf/sf] of] sbdsf] lj/f]w ub} ;Dk"0f{ Gofok|]dL ef/tLo hgtfx?;dIf g]kfn / ef/tLo hgtfaLrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ cIf'0f /fVg xltof/ lbg] lg0f{o lkmtf{ ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ bafa lbg xflb{s ckLn ub{5f}+ . ;fy} g]kfndf zflGt rfxg] ;Dk"0f{ /fli6"o cGt//fli6"o /fhgLlts kf6L{, ;+3;+:yf tyf o'4lj/f]wL ljZjsf hgtfx?;dIf g]kfndf xltof/ x}g, zflGt / lgdf{0fsf] jftfj/0f l;h{gfsf nflu P]Soa4tf JoQm ug{ cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .Æ

Onfd pTs[i6 uGtJo:yn, t/ k"jf{wf/ cefj

g]kfnLkf]i6 k|ltlglw
h'g )!, @))$

;"of]{bosf] lhNnf OnfdnfO{ k"jf{~rns} k|d'v ko{6sLo s]Gb| agfpg] ;f]r;fy ko{6g af]8{nufot ;+:yfn] k|of; ul//x]sf eP klg o;If]qsf ko{6sLo dxTjsf 7fpFx?df k"jf{wf/ cefjn] plt ;fx|f] ko{6s cfslif{t x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ .
g]kfn ko{6g af]8{n] ndh'ªsf] 3n]ufpF / :ofªhfsf] l;?af/Lkl5 Onfdsf] vf;u/L cGt'8fF8f / cf;kf;sf If]qnfO{ u|fdL0f ko{6g s]Gb|sf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{ gLlt agfPsf] hgfPsf] 5 .
Onfddf cGt'8fF8f, ;Gbsk'/, dfOkf]v/L, sGofd, l;l4y'Dsf, uh'/d'vL, dfªdfn'ªh:tf ko{6sLo Pj+ wfld{s dxTjsf :yfgx? eP klg ltgdf cfjZos k"jf{wf/sf] sdLn] ko{6s cfslif{t x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ .
oL ko{6sLo:yn;Dd k'Ug] Aojl:yt ;8ssf] cefj, ;~rf/, ljB't\nufot ;'ljwf 5}g . clwsf+z 7fpFdf a:gsf nflu ;fdfGo ;'ljwfo'Qm af;:yfg klg 5}gg\ . ;"of]{bosf] b[Zofjnf]sg ug{ k|l;4 cGt'8fF8f If]qdf eg] e/v/}b]lv kfx'gfx?nfO{ 3/3/df k]Oª u]i6sf] ?kdf /fVg] k/Dk/f ;'? ul/Psf] 5 .
cGt' ko{6g ljsf; ;ldltsf ;+of]hs wgs'df/ cfn] utjif{b]lv ;"of]{bosf nflu cGt'8fF8f x'Fb} k|j]z ug]{ ;a} ko{6s;Fu z'Ns lng yflnPsf] atfpF5g\ . …cfGtl/s ko{6snfO{ @ ?k}ofF, g]kfnL dfu{ eP/ cfpg] ef/tLonfO{ % ?k}ofF / cGo ljb]zL gful/snfO{ %) ?K}f+of k|j]z z'Ns lng ;'? ePsf] 5, pgn] eg], …:yfgLo txdf :jt:km"t{ ljsf;sf sfd ug{ xfdL nfluk/]sf 5f}+, k|j]z z'Ns oxL If]qsf] ljsf; / ;'wf/df vr{ x'g]5 .Ú
ko{6sLo:ynsf] k"jf{wf/ cefjdfq xf]Og, oxfFsf] csf]{ ;d:of t];|f] d'n'ssf ko{6snfO{ leq\ofpg g;Sg' /x]sf] 5 . Onfdsf] rrf{ ;'g]/ cfpg rfxg] t];|f] d'n'ssf ko{6ssf nflu oxfF cfpg k|fljlws ;d:of /x]sfn] klg afx\o ko{6s leqg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . t];|f] d'n'ssf ko{6ssf nflu ;'ljwf x'g] u/L ;'b"/k"j{sf] gfsf kz'kltgu/df cWofudg lgsfo :yfkgf ug]{ ;/sf/L lg0f{o tLg jif{ lalt;Sbf klg sfof{Gjog gx'gfn] lgik|efjL ePsf] 5 .
cWofudg OsfO{ :yfkgf ug]{ ;/sf/sf] lg0f{osf] sfof{Gjog dfq gePsf] xf]Og oltGh]t;Dd ;DjlGwt lgsfodf o;sf] cf}krfl/s hfgsf/L;d]t cfPsf] 5}g . o;af6 oxfFsf] ko{6sLo ljsf;x'g] p2]Zo c;kmnePsf] 5 .
kz'kltgu/l:yt ;Ldf k|zf;g sfof{nosf clws[t ;f]gfdl5l/ª nfdfnfO{ pQm lg0f{osf] cf}krfl/s hfgsf/L g} 5}g . æ/fhkqdf k|sflzt ePsf] eGg] ;'lgPsf] xf], o;af/] s'g} hfgsf/L cfPsf] 5}gÆ nfdfn] eg] .
tTsflng ;f+;b a]g'k/fh k|;fO{+n] NofPsf] /fhkqsf] k|ltlnlk x]/]/ dfq} cfkm"n] yfxf kfPsf] atfpg] nfdf ;/sf/L lg0f{o sfof{Gjog gePsf]k|lt cfkm}+ crlDdt ePsf 5g\ . To;a]nf ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmdx?df k|;fO{+n] ca kz'kltgu/df cWofudg OsfO{sf] Aoj:yf ePsfn] oxfFsf] ko{6sLo ultlalw a9\g] egL aQmAo lbg] u/]sf lyP .
/fhkqdf k|sflzt ;/sf/sf] )%& c;f/ % ut]sf] lg0f{odf elgPsf] 5- :yfgLo k|zf;g P]g @)@* sf] bkmf !! sf] pkbkmf ! n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L cWofudg clws[tnfO{ k|fKt ljleGg clwsf/x? ;Ldf k|zf;g sfof{no kz'kltgu/sf zfvf clws[tn] k|of]u ug]{ u/L k|Tofof]hg ul/Psf] 5 .
pQm Aoj:yfcg';f/ k|j]z eL;f glnO cfPsf ljb]zLnfO{ k|j]z eL;f hf/L ug]{, eL;f lnP/ cfPsfnfO{ cfudg cg'dlt lbg], kz'kltgu/sf] dfu{eO k|:yfg ug]{ lab]zLnfO{ cg'dlt hf/L ug]{ clwsf/ plNnlvt clws[tnfO{ lbOg] elgPsf] 5 . o;}u/L, lab]zLsf] cfudg;DaGwL ljj/0f /fVg] ;fy} ;fKtflxs ?kdf cWofudg;DaGwL clen]v ljefudf k7fpg] nufotsf clwsf/ Pj+ sfd ;Ldf clws[tnfO{ pQm lg0f{on] lbPsf]5 .
lg0f{odfq u/]/ sfof{Gjog gx'Fbf pQm gfsfaf6 ko{6sx? cfphfp ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . e|d0fsf] l;nl;nfdf Onfd cfOk'u]sf cl3Nnf] k6ssf hfkfgL /fhb"t pQm gfsfaf6 bflh{lnª hfg vf]Hbf cWofudg OsfO{ gePs}n] kmls{g'k/]sf] 36gf b'O{jif{ cl3 ePsf] lyof] . ToxfFaf6 hfg gkfPkl5 pgL emfkfsf] sfFs8leQfaf6 uPsf lyP . of] 36gf Tolta]nf lgs} rlr{t lyof] .
o;afx]s bflh{lnª cfPsf cGo y'k|} ljb]zLx? Onfd cfpg vf]Hbf ToxL sf/0fn] cfpg g;s]sf] y'k|} k|;+u cfkm"n] yfxf kfPsf] Onfdsf] ko{6g If]q ljsf;df ;lqmo a'l4hLjL o'4k|;fb a}B atfpF5g\ . æ;/sf/n] lg0f{o dfq u/]/ 5f]8\of], cj:yf klxn]sf]eGbf s] km/s eof] / <Æ a}Bsf] k|Zg 5 . pgsf cg';f/ uf]vf{Nof08 cfGbf]ngkl5 klxn]h:tf] cfsif{0f g/x]sf] bflh{lnª cfpg] ko{6snfO{ Onfdlt/ cfslif{t ug'{kg]{ cj:yfdf To;f] ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g .
ef/tLox?n] ;Gbsk" eGg] u/]sf] ;Ldfdf /x]sf] # xhf/ ^ ;o #^ ld6/ cUnf] ;Gbsk'/ 8fF8fsf] d'Vo pkof]uL efu Onfddf kb{5 . oxfFaf6 s~rgh+3f, s'Des0f{, dsfn' / ;u/dfyfh:tf k|l;4 lxdfnnuftsf lxdz[+vnfsf] cfsif{s b[Zofjnf]sg ug{ ;lsG5 . ;"of]{bo / ;"of{:tsf] b[Zofjnf]sg oxfFsf] ljz]iftf xf] .
/ftf] kf08f tyf cGo b'n{e aGohGt'sf] jf;:yfg /x]sf] o; cf;kf;sf If]qdf ko{6sx?sf] cfsif{0f /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . ToxfF;Dd k'Ug g]kfnaf6} ;8snufot cGo k"jf{wf/sf] sdL ePsfn] ef/tLo lgsfon] pQm :yfgsf]] pkof]u u/]/ kmfObf ln+b} cfPsf] 5 .
b'n{e /]8kfG8f (Red Panda) sf] cWoog ug]{ qmddf * dlxgf pQ/L Onfdsf h+undf latfPsf cd]l/sL cg';Gwftf a|fog ljlnod; Brian Williams n] ef/tLo If]qkl§ b'n{e jGohGt' Pj+ jg:kltsf] ;+/If0f ug{ cf/If agfOPsfn] ;of}+ ljb]zLsf] eL8 nfUg] u/]sf] atfpFb} g]kfnlt/ eg] s'g} lsl;dsf] ;'ljwf gePsfn] To;f] x'g g;s]sf] atfP .
Onfdsf] ko{6gsf] If]qdf ePsf] sfd / vlr{Psf] ah]6 ;dGjosf] cefjdf l7s;Fu k|of]u x'gg;Sbf ck]lIft pknlAw xfl;n x'gg;s]sf] s'/fnfO{ Wofg lbP/ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] ko{6g ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ ;lqmo agfpg :yfgLo a'l4hLjLn] hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . k"j{ SofDk; k|dv o'4k|;fb a}Bn] ko{6g af]8{nufotsf ;+:yfn] klg o;cl3 sfd ubf{ :yfgLo:t/df ;dGjo gx'Fbf k|ltkmn z'Goh:t} ePsf] ljrf/ /fVg'x'G5 . :yfgLo cfjZostfnfO{ Vofn ub}{ ;dGjo x'g ;s]df dfq ;f]r]h:tf] pknlAw x'g] pgsf] egfO 5 .

åGåkLl8t afnaflnsf / afn >dsf] k|of]u

/fdk|;fb cfrfo{÷lgnd l3ld/]-
h'g )!, @))$

ljut b'O{ bzssf] ljZjsf] kl/j]znfO{ x]bf{ s/Lj @)nfv afnaflnsfsf] åGåaf6 d'To' eO{;s]sf] 5 eg] ^) nfv 3fOt] / ckfË ePsf 5g\ . k|To]s jif{ åGåaf6}+ b'O{ nfvsf] d[To' x'g]u/]sf] / 5 nfv 3fO{t] ePsf 5g\ . vf;u/L u[xo'4sf] rk]6fdf k/]sf Plzof / clk|msL d'n'su/L $! b]zx?sf tLg nfv afnaflnsf clxn] afn;]gfdf o'4/t 5g\ .
c7f/f}+ ztfAbLdf ePsf] cf}+Bf]lus qmflGtn] klZrdL d'n'sdf 7'nf] ;+Vofdf afn>dsf] k|of]u ePsf] lyof] . h;nfO{ pgLx? ;DklQsf] ?kdf k|of]u u/] . o;/L afn>dsf] 7'nf] ;+Vof pBF]uwGbfdf k|of]u ubf{ pgLx?sf] xslxt / clwsf/ af/] s;}n] rf;f] b]vfPsf lyPgg\ . sf/vfgfdf sfdubf{ rf]6k6s nfUg], 3fOt]x'g] tyf o;}sf/0f d[To' ;d]tx'bf klg s;}+n] afnclwsf/ af/] af]Ng;s]sf] lyPgg\ . To;sf] nuTt} ;g\ !(!$ b]lv !* ;Dd ePsf] k|yd ljZjo'4df 3fO{t], ckfË, / c;fxo aGg k'u]sf ef]sf gfËf afnaflnsfsf] xslxt / clwsf/ af/] afnclwsf/afbL dlxnf …PnfG6fOg h]j+Ún] pgLx?sf] t:jL/ ;fj{hlgs u/]kl5 ToxfFsf] ;/sf/n] pgnfO{ h]n xfNof] . h]naf6}+ klg pgn] afn clwsf/sf] cfjfh p7fOg\ . / kl5 afnclwsf/sf] 3f]if0fsf] d:of}+bfkl/t ul/g\ . ;g\ !(*(df ;+o'St /fi6" dxf;+wn] afnclwsf/ kfl/t u¥of] .
afnclwsf/ dxf;lGwdf k|Tos afnsn] ljgfs'g} e]befj gful/s, cfly{s, /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, tyf ;f:s[lts clwsf/ kfpg' kg]{ / lt ;a} afns claefHo /xg' kg]{, !* jif{ d'lgsf k|TosnfO{ afnssf] ?kdf :jLsf/ ug'{ kg]{ . /fli6"otf cleefjsTj, lzIff, :jf:Yo nufPt ;fjf+lË0f ljsf;sf] bfOTj /fHon] lgjf{x ug'{ kg]{ pNn]v 5 . g]kfn klg ;g\ !(();]K6]Dj/ !$ b]lv dxf;+wsf] ;b:o ;Dd aGof] .
afnclwsf/sf] af/]df dxf;lGw kfl/t ePklg afn>dsf] k|of]u eg] /f]lsPsf] 5}g . xfn ljZjdf @@ s/f]8 afndhb'/x? sfo{/t 5g\ . lzIffsf] kx'+r aflx/ emG8}+ !) s/f]8 afnaflnsf 5g\ . ;g\ @))!df o"lg;]kmn] …ljBfno kms{Ú cleofg z'? u/]kl5 ;f]xL jif{ $) nfv afnaflnsf ljBfno egf{ ePsf lyP . ;g\ @))! df !@ s/f]8 !) nfv afnaflnsf lzIffaf6 alGrt ePklg of] ;+Vof ;g\ @))$ ;Dddf @ s/f]8 !) nfvn] 36]sf] 5 . s'n bz s/f]8 dWo] ^) k|ltzt cyf{t\ ^ nfv aflnsf lzIff ljlxg ag]sf 5g\ .

g]kfnsf afnaflnsfsf] cj:yf
@)%@ ;fnb]lv cf/De dfcf]jfbL ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] sf/0f rf/;o afnaflnsfsf] d[To' e};s]sf] 5 eg] Ps xhf/ eGbf al9 ckx/0fdf k/]sf 5g\ . To:t} d[To' x'g]df ;/b/ 3G6fsf] Ps hgfsf] b/n] x'g] u/]sf] u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] tYofÍdf pNn]v 5 . o;}u/L xhf/f} afnaflnsf kl/jf/ljlxg eO{ ljrlNndf k/]sf 5g\ . o:t} ljrNnLdf kl/ zx/ k:g]x?sf] ;+Vof lbgk|ltlbg j[l4 eO/x]sf] 5 . sf7df08f} pkTosfdf dfq em08}+ gf}+ ;o eGbfjl9 afnaflnsfn] v'Nnf cfsffz d'lg /ft ljtfO/x]sf 5g\ .
jt{dfgdf nueu #$ nfv %) xhf/ afnaflnsf lzIffsf] kx'+r aflx/ 5g\ . ;/sf/L tYofÍn] s'n afnaflnsfsf] !* k|ltzt /x]sf] eg]klg u}/;/sf/L ;+w;+:yfn] #) k|ltzt lzIff ljlxg /x]sf] tYofÍ k]z u/]sf] 5 . log} u}/;/sf/L ;+w;+:yfn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ ^b]lv !)jif{sf sl/j ^nfv afnaflnsf lbge/ 3/d} v]n]/ lbg latfpg afWo 5g\ ,hf] lj:tf/} >d ug{ lt/ nfU5g\ . åGåsf sf/0f ljBfno hfg g;s]sf w]/}h;f] s]6fs]6L lbg sf6\g / k]6 kfNg klg >dlt/ nfu]sf] kfOG5 . clxn] g]kfndf @& nfv afn>lds /x]sf] l;ljg tyf cGt/fli6"o >d ;+u7gn] hgfPsf 5g\ . s"n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] ^ k|ltzt log} afn>ldsaf6 pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . gf}+ jif{ otf lab|f]xL dfcf]jfbL åGåsf sf/0f @ nfv @@ xhf/ lj:tflkt kl/jf/sf @)k|ltzt cyf{t nueu $% xhf/ afnaflnsf åGåaf6 k|efljt ePsf 5g\ .
afn;]gfsf] k|of]u /f]Sg ul7t …sf]cln;f 6' :6k b o'y ckm rfO{N8 ;f]Nh/Úgfds ;+:yfn] hf/Lu/]sf] k|lta]bg cg';f/ #) k|ltzt afnaflnsf dfcf]jfbL 5fkfdf/df /x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L afn;]gf elt{,tflnddf ;]lN6" a:g nufpg], efl/af]sfpg], ;"rgfsf] ljlgdo u/fpg] / :s"nnfO{ /0fe"lddf k|of]u ug]{ sfd dfcf]jfbLaf6 ePsf] 5, ;fy} kl5Nnf] ;dodf lzIfs, ljByL{ / cleefjsx?sf] ckx/0fnfO{ ltj| kfg'{sf] ;fy} lzIfs tyf cleefjsnffO{ afnaflnsfsf] cfFvf cufl8 ljeT; xTofug]{ u/]sf]n] klg lzIff o'4 d}bfgdf kl/0ft x'g k'Uof] . afnaflnsfnfO{ dfgj9fnsf] ?kdf k|of]u ug]{ -cwf{vfFrL,j]gL cflb 7fpFdf al9 k|of]u ePsf]_ / dfcf]jfbL hglzIff hjh{l:t nfb\g] k|j[ltn] afndgf]lj1fgdf jh| k|xf/ ePsf] 5 eg] /fHokIfn] klg logLx?sf] ;d:ofnfO{ ulDe/tf k"j{s lng g;Sg'n] yk ;d:of k}bf u/]sf] 5 .
@)$*;fnsf] afnP]gn] clwsf/sf] k'0f{ k|Tofe"lt lbg g;s]sf] / P]gdf pNn]v ePsf s'/fx? Aojxf/df kfngf x'g g;Sg' ;flRrs} b'ef{Uo xf] . o;}ul/ kl5NNff lbgx?df /fHo / ljb|f]xLkIfsf] 9fnsf] ?kdf w]/} afnaflnsf k/], o;sf] tfhf pbfx/0f 8f]6L lhNnfsf] d'8e/fsf] zf/bf pRr dfWolds ljBfnodf ;]gfn] u/]sf] sf/jfxLdf rf/ lgbf]{if ljBfyL{ ;lxt !) hgfsf] 36gf:ynd} d'To' nfO{ lng ;lsG5 . s}of} lbg ;Dd tL nf;x? :s"n kl/;/df 5f]l8g', o;} xftfleq nf; ufl8g'n] clglZrtsfnsf] nflu :s"naGb ePsf] lyof] . o;/L ufpFsf :s"n /0fe"lddf kl/0ft ePkl5 lzIfs tyf cleefjs klg ljb|f]xL / /fHokIfsf] aGb'ssf] lgzfgf aGg yfn]kl5 slnnf afnaflnsfx? ljj;eO{{ 3/ 5f8]/ zx/lt/ kl; >dug{ afWo ePsf5g\ . afn>lds j[l4x'g'sf] of] klg sf/stTj dflgG5 .
3/]n'sfdbf/, uf8Lsf] vnf;L, ;8safnaflnsf,vft]afnaflnsf,sf/vfgfsf dhb"/, xf]6nsf sfG5f,sfG5L tyf klqsfsf xs/x?sf] ?kdf sfdug]{ afn>ldsx? dWo &&xhf/n] w/]n' >ldssf] ?kdf sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ eg] tL dWo] aflnsfsf] ;+Vof ^)k|ltzt eGbf dfly 5 . !) jif{ d'lgsf !)k|ltzt ePklg cf}ift pd]/ !# jif{ ePsf] /fli6"o >d cfof]usf] bfjL 5 . ;f] cfof]un] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ ^$ k|ltzt !) b]lv !@ 306f / cGon] !$w06f b]lv !^306f ;Dd sfd ug{ afWo5g\ . eg] %! k|ltzt c:j:Yo / & k|ltzt 3fOt] cj:yfdf sfd ub{5g\ . h; dWo jw'jf >ldssf] ;+Vof !) k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
pkTosfdf Rofp;/L :yfkgf ePsf afnclwsf/ jf afnlxtsf/L ;+:yfx? dWo] w]/}n] 8n/sf] v]tL ug]{, t/ s]xLn] dfq /fd|f] sfd u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;/sf/L :t/af6 klg ck]Iffs[t pknAwL eg] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . @)$^ ;fnotf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] clw/fHoe/ kfFrxhf/ ;ft;o afnljsf; s]Gb| :yfkgf u/] klg nIosf] !%k|ltzt dffq sfd u/]sf] 5, eg] lhgL If]qjf6 !)xhf/ afns]Gb| :yfkgf u/]sf] / ck]Iffs[t ;kmntf xfl;n u/]sf] ;+:yfx?sf] bfjL 5 . lzIff ljefun] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ xfn ^xhf/ afns]Gb|df b'O{nfv afnaflnsf 5g\ eg] k|ltAoQmL dfl;s ?=Psxhf/ pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . utjif{ b]lv aflif{s ?=@% nfv åGå kLl8t afnaflnsfsf] nflu ah]6 5'6\6fPsf] 5 .
o'g]:sf]n] xfn !%lhNnfdf $)xhf/ afnaflnsfnfO{ afns]Gb|4f/f nfeflGjt u/fPsf] 5 . ;g\ @))!;Dddf *)k|ltzt k'¥ofpg] nIo lnPsf] 5 . xfn k|lt afns]Gb|df @%hgf /xg] Aoj:yf 5 .
>L % sf] ;/sf/ / o"g]:sf]sf] ;xof]udf ;g\ @)!%;Dddf clw/fHoe/ &$ xhf/ afnljsf; s]Gb| vf]lng] / !* nfv %) xhf/ afnaflnsf nfO{ lzIff k|bfg ug]{ gLlt lnPsf] 5 eg] >L %sf];/sf/n] bzf} kFfr jlif{o of]hgfdf !# xhf/ afnljsf; s]Gb| vf]lng] nIo lnPsf] 5 .
lzIffsf] kx'r aflx/sf blnt ;d'bfosf dfq @)nfv afnsflnsf >d ul//x]sf 5g\ eg] cfly{s b'/fj:yfsf sf/0f / r]tgfsf] cefjn] klg o:tf] ePsf] afn ;/f]sf/ ;+:yfx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . To:t}u/L ljb|f]xL dfcf]jfbL 4f/f eO{/xg] xTof, ckx/0fsf] l;nl;nfn] lrxfgdf kl/0ft :s"naf6 lzIffsf] s] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsPnf<
k'?if k|wfg b]z g]kfndf dlxnfx? 3/sf] ;Lldt sddf Ao:tx'g] / cfocfh{gsf] sfddf k'?ifx? g} nfUg' kg]{ afWotfn] s'g} sf/0fa; cleefjs -afa'_sf] d'To' jf ckfË aGg k'Ubf cfdfsf] PSnf] k|of;n] 3/ Aojxf/ rnpg d'lZsn kg'{n] klg afn>ddf a[l4ePsf] tYo P]gf h:t} 5n{Ë 5 . To;}ul/ afnlajfx, ax'lajfxn] hg;+Vof j[l4x'g', dlxnfx? ;fg} pd]/df 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] :ofxf/;';f/df ;do vr{ ug{kg]{ ePsf]n] klg pgLx? cfTdlge{/ x'g ;s]sf5}gg\ . of] klg k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf afn>d a[l4sf] Pp6f sf/0f aGg k'u]sf 5 .
clxn] klg g]kfnsf] hg;+Vof @bzdnj @$k|ltztn] hg;+Vof a[l4 ePsf] 5 . of] a[l4b/nfO{ hlt ;Sof] l56f] sd ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;f}t]gLcfdfsf] x]o b[li6 / afa'sf] cToGt u}/lhDd]jf/Lkgf / xfn ;x/L If]qdf b]lvg] wgf9\o kl/jf/df klg cfkm\gf gfgLx? k|ltsf] u}/lhDd]jf/Lkgf jf cfkm' cfkm\g} 5f]/f5f]/Laf6 d'St aGgvf]Hg] -af]8{;\ /flvlbg]_ k|a[lt{n] ljz]iful/ sIff !! / !@df k9\g] s]6fs]6Lx? s'ntdf nfu]sf] sf7df08f}sf] s]lGb|o k|x/L dlxnf ;]nsf] cg';Gwfgaf6 :ki6 x'G5 . o;n]klg afnaflnsfdf lg/fzf, s'G7f / abnfsf] efjgf hfu[tul/ hLjgnfO{ s'dfu{df 8f]¥ofPsf] b]lvG5 .
l;ljgn] lbPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ pRr cf]xbfdf a:g] sd{rf/Lsf 5f]/f5f]/L ;d]t vft] / ;8sdf kf]lnlyg af]s]/ lx8\g] u/]sf] kfO{Psf] 5 . of] cleefjssf] cToGt u}/lhDd]jf/L kgsf] kmn xf] . h;sf] kmn:j?k kl5 log}+ afnaflnsf lgs[i6 sfddf nfUg ;d]t afWo x'g' kg]{ af x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . -sltko o:tf pbfx/0f klg 5g\ ._
wfld{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts / ;d'bfosf] /Lltl/jfh rfnrngdf klg afn>d lge{/ ub{5 . 3/fo;L jftfj/0f c;xh x'g', cfly{s ;d:ofn] lk/f]Ng', cleefjsTj gx'g'n] klg afn>dnfO{ a9fjf lbPsf] 5 . s]6fs]6LnfO{ sfddf nufpg ;lhnf] x'g' / pgLx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] clwsf/af/] hfgsf/L gx'g'n] klg yk kL8f ef]Ug' k/]sf] 5 .
u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] lbPsf] tYof+ËnfO{ cfwf/dfGbf s'n afn>d dWo] **k|ltzt cleefjssf] ;Nnfxn] >d ul//x]sf 5g\ . !)k|ltzt aw'jf, %#k|ltzt ljgf tnj / s]xLnfO{ cfkm\gf] tnjaf/] cgle1tf 5 . logLx?dWo] %%k|ltzt /f]]huf/bftf af6 kLl8t / afnof}g zf]if0faf6 kLl8tsf] ;+Vof !#k|ltzt 5 . o;}u/L lg/If/ @&k|ltzt / &#k|ltzt :s"n 5f8]sf /x]sf 5g\ .
;/sf/n] xfn} u/]sf] lj0f{o cg';f/, #)lhNnfdf afnd[To'b/ 36fpg] / ;fIf/tf a9fpg] sfo{qmd NofPklg emG8} cfwf cfsfz cf]u6]sf] afnaflnsfx?sf] nflu Psdfq c:ktfn, sflGtafn c:ktfn Tof] klg cfkm} /f]uL x'g'n] ;/sf/sf] /j}+of k|i6 x'G5 . Psnfv afnaflnsf a/fa/ Ps 8fS6/ x'g'n] pgLx?sf] pkrf/ slt k|efjsf/L xf]nf . hf] sf]xLn] ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;S5 .

afn>d sd ug]{ pkfox?
· afnaflnsfx?nfO{ zflGt If]q 3f]if0f ug]{ / sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
· ljBfnodf /fHo / ljb|f]xLsf] x:tIf]k x'g glbg] .
· afnP]gnfO{ s8f agfpg], lgs[i6 afn>d pGd"ng ug{sf] nflu ;/sf/n] x/]s afnaflnsfsf] lzIff / :jf:Yosf] Uof/]G6L ug]{ .
· dlxnfnfO{ cfTdlgd{/ agfpg] tfls >Ldfg\sf] e/kg{ gk/f];\ .
· afn;]gf etL{nfO{ k"0f{ lgoGq0f ug]{, xTof, lx+;f, / ckx/0fsf] lznlznf ljb|f]xL4f/f aGb ug]{ . afnlajfx / ax'lajfxsf] cGTo ug'{kg]{ / afn>dsf] k|of]u ug]{dfly s8f eGbf s8f sf/jfxL ug{;s] afn>d lj:tf/} 36\g] lglZrt 5 .
;+;f/df cGod'n'sdf h:t}} >Ln+sfdf klg aiff}{ b]lvsf] u[xo'4 ePklg ljBfnonfO{ zflGtIf]q agfPsf]n] Toxf+sf] ;fIf/tf k|ltzt (%sf] xf/fxf/Ldf 5 . t/ g]kfndf ljBfnonfO{ g} ;j} kIfaf6 xltof/ / ;'/Iffsjh agfpg'n] afn>ddf j[l4 x'g k'u]sf] tLtf] oyfy{ s;}af6 l5k]sf] 5}g .

hfkfgL ;dfh;]aLsf] gful/s clegGbg

dgf]/~hg zdf{
kfNkf, d] @(, @))$

Hffkfgdf cfh eGbf ^# jif{ cufl8 hGd]/ bz jif{ cufl8b]lv k'jL{ kfNkffnfO{ cfkm\\gf] sd{ ynf] agfPsf sfh'df;f sfsLdL cyf{t\ cf]s] afhLnfO{ k'jL{ kfNkfjf;L4f/f gful/s clegGbg ul/Psf] 5 . pxfFnfO{ clegGbg u|x0f ug]{ qmddf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] sb/kq Pj+ ;Ddfgkq tyf pkxf/ k|bfg u/]sf lyP .
k'jL{ kfNkfsf] ljs6 uflj;x?df lzIff, :jf:Yo, ljBfno ejg, Snjsf ejg, vfg]kfgL , u/La k/Ljf/nfO{ vfBfGg, sk8f, pkrf/vr{, k;'kfngsf] nflu C0f lbP/ pgn] clxn];Dd !) s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L vr{ ul/;s]sf 5g\ .
pQm If]qdf >L % sf] ;/sf/ / hgk|ltlglwn] ug{ g;s]sf tyf gu/]sf :yfgx?df ;d]t cfkm} k'uL ljsf; lgdf0f{sf sfddf nfu] jfkt ;f] If]qsf hgtfx?aff6} ul7t ;ldltn] pgsf] gful/s clegGbg u/]sf x'g\ . ;b/d'sfd tfg;]gaf6 ^% lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f /fdk'/ uflj;sf] ls;fgjf/Ldf sfsLdLsf] clegGbg ul/Psf] lyof] .
clegGbgsf] ;dodf kfNkfnL 9fsf sk8fsf] bf}/f ;'?jfn,nufP/ 7]6 g]kfnL b]lvPsf sfsLdLn] cfFvf /l;nf] kfb}{ eg]-d]/f] hGd hfkfgdf eP klg d]/f] sd{ ynf] oxL k'jL{ kfNkf eof] . k'jL{ kfNkfsf hgtfx?n] cfh dnfO{ d]/f] sfdsf] d'NofÍg u/L pkxf/ :j?k gful/s clegGbg u/] .
d d]/f] d[To'sf] clGtd ;do;Dd klg oxL ljs6 8fF8f sfF8fdf a;L cfkm\gf] >d / kl;gf aufpg rfxfG5' . s/Lj @@ uflj;df /x]sf b'u{d j:tLsf ljkGg, si6k|b hLjgsf] vf]hL u/L lzIff, :jf:Yo, oftfoft, s[lif, l;+rfO{, k'n nufPtsf ljsf; lgdf0f{sf sfd ub}{ cfPsf sfsLdL klxnf] k6s bz jif{ cufl8 ko{6ssf ?kdf g]kfn cfPsf] / ;f]xL jvt u|fdL0f j:tLx?sf] e|d0f ug{ O{R5f b]vfPsf]df k'jL{ kfNkfs} ltns cfn]sf] ;xof]odf klxnf] k6s kfNkf cfPsf lyP .
clegGbg ;df/f]xdf lhNnfsf ldTofn, lem?jf;, ;xnsf]6, uf8fFsf]6, cr{n], Hofld/], jfFsfdnfË, /fdk'/, b5f{, vflnjg, l;n'jf, lj/sf]6, tfxF', u]dmf, l/Ëg]/x, hNkf, x'ldg, em]:sfË nufPtsf uflj;jf6 :jtM:km't{ ?kdf hgtfsx?n] clegGbg u/]sf lyP . clegGbg ;df/f]xf !% xhf/ eGbf j9L hgtfx?sf] pkl:ylt lyof] .
clegGbg ;ldltsf ;lrj gf/fo0f cfrfo{sf cg';f/ cf]s] afh]n] k9\g g;Sg]nfO{ k9\g k7fpg], 3/df vfg 5}g eg] vfg lbg], cfjZostf x]l/sg ;xof]u ug]{ pxfFsf] /x]sf] 5 . cfrfo{sf cg';f/\ …pgsf] ;dfh;]jfsf] b]gn] g} o;/L clegGbg ug{ hgtf tlD;Psf x'g\ .Ú ;df/f]xdf k'jL{ kfNkfsf s/Lj @@ uflj;sf Snj, ljBfno, ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfu/L s/La 5 bh{gn] clegGbg Pj+ ;Ddfgkq k|bfg u/]sf lyP
sfsLdLsf] ;xof]udf ## j6f ljBfno Pj+ Snjsf] ejg, ljBfno / Snjdf u/L @^ j6f ljleGg cIfosf]if, cGo @& If]qdf ;xof]u ePsf] 5 . pgn] clxn];Dd k'jL{ kfNkfdf s/Lj !) s/f]8sf] ;xof]u ul/;s]sf] ;ldltsf ;+of]hs Pj+ jfhL/fxf gfds ;+:yfsf cWoIf uf]kfn jh|frfo{n] jtfP . kfNkfnL hgtfsf] tkm{jf6 /fdk'/ ls;fgjf/Ldf …cf]s]jfh] ldt]/L kfs{Ú lgdf0f{ ul/Psf] 5 eg] pQm kfs{sf] clegGbg ;df/f]xsf k|d'v cltly hL;Ln] pb\3f6g ug'{eof] . To:t} lgns07 Gof}kfg]n] n]v]sf] …xfd|f cf]s] afh]Ú gfds k':ts klg ljdf]rg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf kqsf/ dxf;+3sf ;efklt emk]Gb| ulx/]n] eg]- kfNkfjf;Lsf] dg,dgdf k;]sf ;dfh;]jL sfsLdLsf] u'g slxNo} lj;{g ;lsb}g . cleglGbt JoflQmTj sfsLdL klg hfkfgL dfG5]nfO{ g]kfnL dfoflbPsf sf/0f cem} ;dfh;]jf ug{ k|]l/t ePsf] atfP . sfo{qmddf hfkfgjf6 s/Lj %) hgfsf] 6f]nL cfPsf lyP . hfkfgL 6f]nL / k'jL{ kfNkfsf] u|fld0f 6f]nL ljr d}qLk'0f{ elnjn v]n ;d]t ePsf] lyof] .

8L;Ldf ofbj v/]nsf] ;Ddfg

k|]d ;+u|f}nf
jfl;+ª6g 8L;L d] @(, @))$

…g]kfnL slj tyf n]vs k|lti7fgÚ (Academy of Nepali Poets and Writers) sf] tTjfjwfgdf g]kfnL rnlrq lgdf{tf tyf lgb{]zs , uLtsf/ / slj ofbj v/]nsf] :jfutfy{ jfl;Ë6g 8L;Ll:Yft dfpG6 Pe/]i6 xf]6ndf Ps d] @% dËnjf/ ;fFem sljtf uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf ul/of] .
cGt/fli6"o g]kfnL ;flxTo ;dfh 8L;Lsf cWoIo k|f= df]xg l;6f}nfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmddf ofbj v/]n / pxfFsL wd{kTgLk|lt ;DalGwt ;a}af6 k'ikf]kxf/ kZrft\ 8f= xl/ e§/fO{n] v/]nsf] JolQmTj, s[ltTj Pjd\ o]fubfg dfly k|sfz kfg'{ eof] .
cfof]hs ;+:yfsf pk ;efklt slj x]dGt >]i7n] ;~rfng u/]sf] ;f] sfo{qmddf ;f]xL ;+:yfsf ;efklt 8f= xf]d/fh cfrfo{n] ;f] ;+:yf;DaGwL k|sfz kfg{' ePsf] lyof] . aLraLrdf ofbj v/]nsf ljleGg uLt / sljtfsf gfos ;/f]h vgfnn] l;g] lgb]{zs v/]nl;tsf dL7f ;+:d/0f ;'gfpFb} eGg'eof], k|]dlk08sf] ;'l6Ësf] klxnf] lbg Ps} lbgdf tLgrf]6L s]z sf6\g' k/]sf] /f]rs s'/f ;'gfpg' ePsf] lyof] .

;f] sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly ofbj v/]nn] cfof]hs Ps]8]dLn] 5f]6f] ;dodf klg l8l; If]qsf ;flxlTos k|ltefx¿nfO{ hd36 ug{ ;kmn ePsf]df / /fhb"tfjf;n] ug]{ o:tf ;flxlTos-;f+:s[lts e]nfx¿ lghL If]qaf6 ;+:yfut lsl;dn] x'g yfn]sf]df v';L k|s6 ug'{ eof] . pxFfn] cfˆgf ljljw cg'ejx¿ cleJoQm ub}{ hLjg Pp6f ;Demf}tf xf] eGb} ToxL efjsf] Ps ;'Gb/ uLt klg ;'gfpg' eof] .
g]kfnL /fhb"tfaf;sf sd{rf/Lx¿ klg ;+nUg k|:t't sfo{qmddf gf/fog clwsf/L, k]|d ;+u|f}nf , d~h' lg/f}nf, l8saxfb'/, tfdfª, jf;' >]i7, j;Gt >]i7, xl/ e6/fO{, df]xg l;6f}nf4f/f sljtf kf7 ul/Psf] lyof] .
j;Gt >]i7n] wGojfb 1fkg u/] kZrft\ ;efklt d]fxg l;6f}nfn] g]kfnsf] ;+f:s[lts ;Dkbf cToGt ljzfn / ;'Gb/ 5 , / o;sf] hu]gf{df g]kfn aflx/ a:g] ;a} g]kfnLn] klg e/dUb"/ k|ofz ul//x]sf] s'/f k|z+;gLo 5 eGg' eof] . o:tf] sfo{qmd af/Daf/ ul/ /xg] cfof]hs ;+:yf ;f] k|lti7fgnfO{ wGojfb lb+b} ;ef lj;h{g ul/Psf] lyof] .

6f]/f]G6f]df g]kfnL g[To

g]kfnL kf]i6 k|ltlglw
6f]/f]G6f] d] @(, @))$

Sofg]l8ofnL ;/sf/sf] cfx\jfgdf 6f]/f]G6f] sDo"lg6L ;le{;];åf/f cfof]lht k|To]s jif{ dO{ dlxgf e/L dgfOg] ul/G5 . pQm blIf0f PlzofnL dxf]T;jdf ljut b'O{ jif{b]lv ;xeflutf x''b} cfPsf] g]kfnL Sofg]l8og sDo"lg6L ;le{;]; -Pg=;L=;L=P;_ n] o; k6s klg g]kfnL ;+:s[ltsf] k|ltlglwTj u/fpb} nf]s, cfw'lgs / ef]hk'/L dgdf]xs g[Tox? k|:t't u/fP/ pkl:yt ljleGg ;d'bfosf bz{sx?nfO{ df]lxt kfl/lbPsf] lyof] .
Sofgf8fdf oxL dO{ dlxgfdf klxnf] k6s blIf0f Plzofaf6 dflg;x?sf] cfudg z'? ePsf] ;Demgfdf dgfOg] o; dxf]T;jdf 2i6L /fjt, k|lti7f e08f/L, jiff{ jdf{, O{ef zdf{ / ;fgf] aflnsf :jl0f{df u?'ªn] cfk\mgf] g[Tox?åf/f k/Dk/fnfO{ lgoldttf lbb} bz{sx?nfO{ dgf]/~hg u/fPsf lyP .
Sofgf8fdf g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTo Pj+ ;+:s[ltsf] pTyfgsf nflu g]kfnL Sofg]l8og sDo"lg6L ;le{;]; -Pg=;L=;L=P;_ ;b}j cu|;/ /xg] ub{5 / Sofgf8f tyf Sofg]l8ofnL g]kfnLx?af/] hfgsf/L lng' k/] Pg=;L=;L=P;n] cfk\mgf] j]a k]h klg agfPsf] 5 s'/f pQm sfo{qmdsf ;+of]hs uf]ljGbl;+x /fjtn] g]kfnL kf]i6nfO{ k7fpg'ePsf] ;dfrf/df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

:s6Nof08sf eGbf g]kfnsf ufpF O06/g]6 ;]jfdf cufl8

gf/fo0f
kf]v/f d] @(, @))$

:s6Nof08sf] xfONof08 / cfONof08af6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{ :s6Nof08 ;f+;b\ ;b:o /a luA;gn] xfn} g]kfnsf] % j6f ufpFdf b'|t ultaf6 rNg] a|f]8Jof08 O06/g]6 ;]jf pknAw ePsf] / pgLx? 9'Ssn] O06/g]6sf] kmfObf n'6]sf t/ ;+;f/s} cfw'lgs Pj+ wgf9\o b]z la|6]gsf] :s6Nof08sf] ufpFx? o; ;'ljwfaf6 al~rt x'g' k/]sf] elg l/;n] d'd'{l/Psf 5g\ .
:d/0fLo xf];, g]kfnsf] n'Snfdf s]xL jif{ otf a|f]8Jof08 O06/g]6 ;]jf pknAw eO/fv]sf] 5 . a|f]8a]08 ;fwf/0f O06/g]6 ;]jfeGbf @) cf}+ u'0ff b'|t x'G5 . la|l6; 6]nLsdn] jiff}{+ cl3 :s6Nof08sf ufpFx?df o; lsl;dsf] ;]jfx? k'¥ofpg] jfrf u/]klg sDkgLnfO{ s'g} kmfObf gePsf] sf/0f ;'ljwf lj:tf/ ug{ cfn6fn ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . /a luA;gn] g]kfnsf] cgs06f/ ufpFn]x? t a|f]8Aof08 O06/g]6 ;'ljwf ef]u ug{ kfPsf 5g\ eg] @)) j6f 6]lnkmf]g ePsf :s6Nof08sf 8'gj]y / hf]gcf] u|f]6df lsg o; ;'ljwfaf6 al~rt x'g'k¥of] egL xfn} :s6Nof08af6 lg:sg] lb OGsfO// klqsfnfO{ k|Zg u/]sf 5g\ . o; ljifodf cgf}7f] dfgL o; k|ltlglwn] :s6N0of08sf df8]/6L ufpFsf hf]g d]u]u/;u lh1f;f /fVbf pgn] :s6Nof08sf s'g} ufpFdf t kmf]g ;'ljwf klg gePsf] / cfkm" a;]sf] hg3gTj ePsf] ufpFdf ;d]t la|l6; 6]lnsdn] lhGbuLe/L ltdLn] o; a|f]8a]08 O06/g]6 ;'ljwf kfpFb}gf} eg]/ 7f]s'jf u/]sf] atfP .

afUn'Ë tkm{ uO{/fv]sf] a;leq} hgdt ;+u|x

kf]v/f d] @( @))$
lxhf] dfq sf7df8f}+af6 afUn'Ë tkm{ uO{/fv]sf] ;femf a;df hgdt ;+u|x ul/Psf] yfxf x'g cfPsf] 5 . h;sf] kl/0ffd :j?k k|hftflGqs hgu0ftGqsf] kIfdf %&, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] kIfdf ^ , ;lqmo /fhtGqsf] kIfdf @ / $ hgf t6:y /x]sf] va/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . pQm hgdt ;+u|x afUnËsf /fli6"o k|hftflGqs o'jf ;+3sf ;lrj / g]=lj=;+3sf]pkfWoIfx?sf] ;+of]hsTjdf ;DkGg ul/Psf] s'/f yfxf ePsf] 5 . o;sf] ko{j]If0f dfgjclwsf/jfbL u+ufw/ clwsf/Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

e|i6rf/LnfO{ /]i6'/]G6df k|j]z lgif]w

kf]v/f d] @(, @))$
Ps jif{ cl3dfq kf]v/fsf] n]s;fO{8df /x]sf /]jfg cGtu{tsf /]i6'/fFx?n] e|i6frf/LnfO{ k|j]z lgif]w eg]/ n]v]sf] ;fO{gaf]8{ 6fF:b} cfO/x]sf 5g\ . pQm ;fOgaf]8{x? 6fF;]kl5 tL /]i6'/]06x?df vfgsf] nflu k|j]z ug]{x? :jR5 5lj dfq ePsf] ljZjf; ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .

g]kfnd} hlGdFb}5g\ 6]:66\o'a a]aL

pd]z >]i7
sf7df8f}F d] @(, @))$

uPsf] j}zfvdf /fh]Gb| / gLtf sfsL{ -gfd kl/jt{g_ n] cfkm\gf] ljjfxsf] !! cf}F jflif{sf]T;j dgfPsf lyP . ;Fw} em} jflif{sf]T;j pgLx? b'O{ hgfn] Pscsf{nfO{ pkxf/ lbP/ dgfPsf lyP . tLg dlxgfcl3 cfkm"eGbf l9nf lax] u/]sf Ps ;fyLsf] ljjfxsf] jflif{sf]T;jdf ;xefuL x'g hfFbf pgLx?sf :s"n hfg] 5f]/f / 5f]/L b]v]kl5 sfsL{ bDktLsf] dg /f]Psf]] lyof] .
ljjfxsf] oqf] jif{ lalt;Sbf klg ;Gtfg ;'vaf6 pgLx? jl~rt 5g\ . afFemL cfOdfO{sf] bf]ifdf gfgfefFtLsf s'/f ;'Gg g;s]/ ;+o'Qm kl/jf/af6 5'l6\6P/ cnu a:g'k/]sf] kL8f a]Un} . t/, sfsL{ bDktL cfpFbf] jif{ cfkm\gf] ljjfxsf] !@ cf}F jflif{sf]T;j dgfpFbf cfkm\gf] ;fydf Pp6f 3f]n]{ 5f]/f jf k'tnLh:tL 5f]/L x'g] cfzfdf 5g\ .
sfsL{ bDktL g]kfndf klxnf] k6s j[xt\ ?kdf 6]:66\o'a a]aL hGdfpg] k|lqmofdf ;xefuL ePsf !& bDktLdWo]sf Ps x'g\ . /fhwfgL sf7df8f}Fsf] rfjlxndf /x]sf] cf]d c:ktfnn] o:tf] ;'ljwf lbg nfu]sf] xf] . o;cl3 s[lqd ?kdf o;/L 6]:66\o'a k|ljlwaf6 aRrf hGdfpgsf nflu ljb]z g} hfg'kYof]{ . ljb]zdf klg ljz]if u/L ef/tdf ;De|fGt ju{sf dlxnf o:tf] pkrf/sf nflu hfg] u/]sf 5g\ . ljb]zdf hfFbf pkrf/afx]s vfg, a:g cnu} 7"nf] /sd vr{ eO{ nfvf}F ?k}of ljb]zdf g} ;s]/ cfpg' kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] 5 .
cf]d c:ktfnn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ of] k+|ljlwaf6 Ps lzz' hGdfpg b'O{ nfv ?k}ofF nfUg]5 . cfpFbf] h'nfO{ dlxgfdf c:ktfndf btf{ ePsf !& lgM;Gtfg bDktLdfly Og le6"f] kml6{nfOh];g -cfO{eLPkm_ cyf{t\ 6]:66\o'a k|ljlwsf] pkrf/ yflng]5 . k|f/lDes pkrf/sf] qmd eg] clxn] g} ;'? ul/Psf 5 .
pkrf/ u/fO/x]sfx?df Ps hgfdfq} sf7df8f}F aflx/sf 5g\ eg] afFsL ;a} sf7df8f}Fsf pRr tyf dWod ju{sf dlxnf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] pd]/ 36Ldf @$ b]lv a9Ldf $^ jif{;Ddsf] /x]sf] 5 . cf]d c:ktfnn] ef/tsf] cfu/fl:yt dNxf]qf 6]:66\o'a ;]G6/sf] ;xof]udf of] pkrf/ k|lqmof ;'? u/]sf] xf] . klxnf] k6ssf] pkrf/ k|lqmof pQm ;]G6/sf ljz]if1 8f= hnbLk dNxf]qfsf] lgu/fgLdf x'g] atfOPsf] . o;sf nflu 8f= dNxf]qfnfO{ rfF8} g} g]kfn af]nfOFb}5 .
6\o'adf g} hGdg] x}g-
xfn bfz{lgssf ?kdf rlr{t Ps JolQmTjn] /fhwfgLsf] g]kfnefiffdf k|sflzt x'g] ljZje"ld b}lgs klqsfdf Pp6f ljrf/d"ns n]v 5fk]sf lyP . !% jif{ cufl8 k|sflzt To; n]vdf pgn] 6]:66\o'a a]aL 6\o'adf aRrf hGdfpg] k|ljlw ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ To:tf] ck|fs[lts k|ljlwsf] lj/f]w ug'{k5{ eGg] cfzo JoQm u/]sf lyP . Tof] s'/f ;Demg]x? clxn] klg tL bfz{lgssf] gfd ;'Gbf k]6 ldlrldlr xfF:g] u5{g\ .
oBlk 6]:66\o'a a]aL eg]kl5 clwsf+zsf] dgdf eg] !% jif{ cufl8 pQm bfz{lgsn] JoQm u/]sf] ljrf/ h:t} 6\o'adf hGdg] aRrf /x]sf] kfOG5 . t/, To:tf] x}g . ;DalGwt ljifosf lj1x?sf cg';f/ dlxnfsf] l8Da / k'?ifsf] z'qmls6nfO{ k|of]uzfnfdf Pp6} :yfgdf /fvL kml6{nfOh u/L To:tf] c08 jf e|'0fnfO{ k'gM dlxnfsf] kf7]3/df /fVg] k|lqmofnfO{ Og le6"f] kml6{nfOh];g elgG5 . k|rlnt gfddf h:tf] kml6{nfOh];g k|lqmofdf 6]:66\o'asf] k|of]u x'Fb}g . To;sf] ;6\6fdf k]6"L l8; gfdsf] lzzfsf] efF8f] k|of]u x'G5 .
k|fs[lts ?kdf uef{wfg ug{ c;dy{ ePsf vf;u/L dlxnfsf] l8Daf;odf hfg] gnL -ˆofnf]lkog 6\o'j_ aGb ePsf, pd]/ a9L ePsf, >Ldfgsf] z'qmsL6df sdL b]lvPsf] cj:yfdf o:tf] pkrf/ k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ul/G5 . j+zfg'ut vt/gfs /f]u ;g{af6 arfpg klg o:tf] k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]{ ul/G5 .
a'4sf] aRrf hGdfpg ;Dej-
Og le6"f] kml6{nfOh];gaf6 pTkfbg ePsf] e|'0fnfO{ tTsfn cfdfsf] kf7]3/df g/fvL To;nfO{ kl5 k|of]u ug{sf nflu hdfP/ -k|mLh_ u/]/ klg /fVg ldN5 . xfn} a]nfotdf @! jif{;Dd To;/L lk|mh u/]/ /flvPsf] e|'0f k|Tof/f]k0f u/L aRrf hGdfOPsf] lyof] . lj1x?sf cg';f/ k'?ifsf] z'qmls6nfO{ ^ xhf/ jif{;Dd ;'/lIft ?kdf lk|mh u/]/ /fVg ;lsG5 . cyf{t\, of] k|ljlw k|of]u u/]sf] eP uf}td a'4sf] aRrfnfO{ clxn] hGdfpg ;lsGYof] .
;g\ !(&* df a]nfot s} cf]N8x\ofddf b'O{ a]nfotL 8fS6/ /a6{ P8jf8{;\ / Kofl6"s :6]k6f]n] ljZjs} klxnf] 6]:66o'a a]aL hGdfpg ;kmntf xfl;n u/]sf lyP . n'O; a|fpg gfdsL tL aflnsf clxn] @^ jif{sL o'jtL eO;s]sL l5g\ .
g]kfndf eg] sl/a 5 ;ft jif{cl3 g} /fhwfgLsf] k'tnL;8sl:yt lgM;Gtfg s]Gb|df To:tf] pkrf/ k|lqmofdfkm{t\ Ps kl/jf/n] 5f]/L hGdfPsf lyP . tL 5f]/L xfn ljBfno hfg] pd]/sf] eO;s]sf] atfOG5 .
cf]d c:ktfnn] g]kfndf of] k|lqmof ;'? ug{ u'0f:t/, cf}ifwL / pks/0fdf s'g} klg sdL g/fvL pRr k|ljlw ckgfOPsf] hfgsf/L lbb}] o;sf nflu g]kfnd} hgzlQm tof/ ug{ 8f=;'kfqf l3ld/]nfO{ o; ;DaGwL tflnd lng ef/t k7fOPsf] / o;} u/L qmdzM cGonfO{ klg k7fpg] tof/L eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

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awfO{ 5 x}, Psflaxfg} ;fyLsf] kmf]g cfPkl5 bLks em:s] . a'em\bf yfxf nfUof] cd]l/sf hfg kfpg] 8LeL lr7\7f k/]sf] eg]/ awfO{ lbg kmf]g u/]sf /x]5g\ . of] xKtf e/ pgn] w]/}sf] awfO{ kfO;s] . en} pgnfO{ 8LeL lr7\7f gk/]sf] lsg gxf];\ . ca t pgnfO{ a'emfpg klg lbSs nflu;Sof] / w]/}h;f] awfO{sf] hjfkmdf pgL wGojfb dfq} kmsf{pF5g\ .
o:t} xfnt ofbj yklnofsf] klg 5 . sf7df8f}+af6 k|sflzt x'g] Pp6f ;fFemsf] klqsfdf 8LeL lr7\7f kg]{sf] ;"rL k|sflzt ug]{ qmddf pgn] hfgLhfgL Ps hgfnfO{ em'Sofpg cfkm\gf] gfd klg ;fd]n u/]sf lyP . kl5 ToxL ;"rL ljleGg j]a;fO6x?df klg ;fef/ ul/Pkl5 em"7f] awfO{ vfFbfvfFbf pgL x}/fg eO;s]sf 5g\ .
8LeL cd]l/sfsf] ljb]z ljefun] ljb]zL cfk|jf;LnfO{ cfkm\gf] b]zdf a:g] cg'dlt lbgsf nflu jflif{s ?kdf ljt/0f ug]{ lr7\7f xf] . o;nfO{ lu|gsf8{ lr7\7fsf ?kdf lrlgG5 . ;g\ @))% sf nflu 8LeL cfj]bg eg]{x?sf] cfj]bg :jLsf/ ul/Psf] kq cfPkl5 clxn] /fhwfgL 8LeLdo ePsf] 5 . s;nfO{ k¥of], s;nfO{ k/]g, kmnfgfsf] s;nfO{ k¥of] /], kmnfgLnfO{ klg k¥of] /], o'jf, ljBfyL{ clg cwj}+z] ;a}sf d'vdf oxL s'/f em'l08Psf] 5 .
sf7df8f}sf] lhNnf x'nfs sfof{non] 8LeL lr7\7f lht]sfx?sf] gfd k|sflzt ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . b'O{ k6s u/L sfof{non] em08} xhf/ hgfsf] gfdsf] ;"rL lgsfln;s]sf] 5 . o:tf] ;"rLdf s;}sf] gfd c? s;}l;t ;+of]un] ldNg uof] eg] p;n] uf]? a]r]sf] ;fOgf] ePsfx?;Ddaf6 awfO{ kfpg] dfq x}g, ;fyLefOx?af6 ef]h v'jfpg' kg]{ k|:tfj klg kfpF5g\ . h:tf] sflGtk'/ 6]lnlehgdf sfo{/t bLks e6\6/fO{nfO{ eof] . x'nfs sfof{non] hf/L u/]sf] klxnf] ;"rLdf bLks e6\6/fO{ gfd pNn]v ul/Psf] kfPkl5 ;fyLefOx?n] tTsfn xNnf ul/xfn] . t/, jf:tjdf gfd dfq} ldn]sf] lyof] . pgn] pNn]v u/]sf] 7]ufgfdf clxn];Dd To:tf] kq cfOk'u]s} 5}g .
lr7\7f lhTg]x? klg cfkm\gf] ;fj{hlgs lj1fkg ul/Psf] lrQ a'emfpFb}gg\ . gfd pNn]v ug{ grfxg] nlntk'/sf Ps 8LeL ljh]tf x'nfs sfof{non] cfkm\gf] k|fOe];Lsf] xgg\ u/]sf] cf/f]k nufpF5g\ . d]/f] gfddf s;n] lr7\7L k7fpF5, Tof] s'/f ;fj{hlgs ug]{ clwsf/ x'nfsnfO{ s;n] lbof] < pgL k|Zg /fV5g\ . klxnf] lr7L k|fKt ub}{df cd]l/sf hfg kfOG5 eGg] lglZrt klg x'Fb}g . To;sf nflu w]/} c? k|lqmof k"/f ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf a9L k|rf/ eO;s]kl5 cd]l/sf hfg gkfpFbf p;df dfgl;s c;/ k/]sf] w]/} pbfx/0f b]lvPsf 5g\ . ljZjdf zfob} c? b]zdf o;/L 8LeL kg]{sf] gfd ;fj{hlgs k|rf/df NofOG5 xf]nf, pgL eG5g\ .
x'nfssf clwsf/Lx? eg] ;fj{hlgs rf;f]sf] ljifo ePsf]n] cfkm"x?n] ;"rL ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] atfpF5g\ . pQm ;"rL x'nfssf] ;'Gwf/fl:yt sfof{no, p;sf] cflwsfl/s j]a;fO6 g]kfnkf]:6 86 hLcf]eL 86 PgkLdf dfq x}g cGo sof}+ j]a;fO6 / sf7df8f}+sf 6f]n6f]ndf 8LeL eg]{ sfd u/]sfx?n] 6fF;]sf] b]Vg kfOG5 . o:tf 7fpFdf ;"rL x]g]{sf] eL8 klg plQs} b]lvG5 .
8LeL kb{}df cd]l/sf hfg kfOG5 eGg] s'g} Uof/]G6L x'Fb}g . o;cl3 klg 8LeL k/]sf w]/} cd]l/sf hfg kfPsf 5}gg\ . s;};Fu cfjZos z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0f kq gePs} sf/0f / s;}sf] 8s'd]G6 k"/f gePs} sf/0f 8LeL k/]/ klg eL;f kfpgaf6 al~rt ePsf 5g\ . …a? 8LeL gkg{} a]z k/]/ hfg gkfpg' eGbf, Psflt/ k};f vr{, csf{]lt/ xNnf a9L eP/ dgl:ylt g} lau|g]Ú 8LeL k/]/ klg cd]l/sf hfg gkfPsf emfkfsf b|f]0f vltj8fn] eg] . b|f]0fh:tf 8LeL k/]/ :jf:y k/LIf0f, le;fjfkt nfUg] /sd / cGo cfjZos sfuhft tof/ u/]/ le;f gkfpg]sf] ;+Vof klg lgs} 5 . To:tfn] cfkm"n] t kl5Nnf lbgdf eb{}gg\ g} c?nfO{ klg geg{] ;Nnfx lbG5g\ . t/, w]/}h;f] eg] 8LeL k/]/ uPsf klg 5g\ .
bnfnx? klg ;lqmo
8LeLsf] glthf lg:s]kl5 ca cd]l/sL :kf]G;/ vf]lhlbg] eGb} bnfnx?n] klg ;lqmo x'g] df}sf kfPsf 5g\ . sf7df8f}+af6 k|sflzt x'g] kqklqsfx?df To:tf] wGbf ug]{x?n] afsfObf lj1fkg 5kfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . Ps To:t} wGbf ug]{ Ph]G6l;t kqsf/sf ?kdf s'/f ubf{ pgn] vf;} d'v vf]Ng rfx]gg\ . t/, u|fxssf ?kdf s'/f ubf{ cd]l/sfdf :kf]G;/, a:g] 7fpF / sfdsf] ;d]t Joj:yf ug{sf nflu kfFr nfv g]kfnL ?k}of nfUg] hfgsf/L lbP .
ut jif{ b'O{b]lv ;f9] b'O{ nfv;Dddf klg o:tf wGbf ug]{x? e]l6Psf lyP . sltkon] o;/L k};f lnP/ gSsnL :kf]G;/ n]6/ a'emfpg] u/]sf] / sltkon] Pp6} n]6/ w]/}nfO{ afF8]sf] klg b]lvPsf] lyof] . o:tf] Joj;fo sfg'gL gePklg s;}n] sf/afxL gu/]s}n] emg o:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg x'g]x?sf] ;+Vof a9\b} uPsf] 5 .
cfhef]ln eg] 8LeL k/]sf] JolQmnfO{ p;sf] k9fO nufotsf cGo sfuhkq ;SsnL ePdf s'g} k|sf/sf] :kG;/ kq grflxg] eO;s]sf] 5 .
cd]l/sfsf lglDt lu|gsf8{ k|fKt ug{ pQm lr6\7fdf efu lng] cGo b]zsf gful/ssf] ;+Vof @^ k|ltztn] 36] klg dfcf]jfbL ;d:of tyf b]zsf] cj:yfsf sf/0f g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof jif]{lg al9/x]sf] 5 . clxn] To;sf] j[l44/ $) k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . ut jif{ rf/ xhf/ @ ;o %( n] lr7\7f lht]sf lyP eg] o;k6s ut ;fnsf] t'ngfdf s]xL sd 5flgg] atfOPsf] 5 . cd]l/sL ;/sf/n] jflif{s krf; xhf/ ljb]zLnfO{ ;f] k|lqmofdfkm{t\ cfjf;Lo le;f k|bfg ub{} cfPsf] 5 .
of] jif{ On]S6"f]lgs ?kdf OG6/g]6af6 kmd{ eg'{kg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf]n] slt g]kfnLn] cfj]bg lbP, To;sf] tYof+s s;}l;t 5}g . kmd{ eg{sf nflu klg %) b]lv @ ;o %) ?k}ofF;Dd Ph]G6x?n] c;'n]sf lyP .

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ljZjdf nf]k x'g nfu]sf clt b'n{e hGt'dWo]sf] Ps xfa|] -/]8kfG8f_ g]kfnsf] ;'b"/k"jL{ lhNnf Onfdsf] n]sfnL h+undf km]nf k/]sf 5g\ . pQm If]qdf /]8kfG8fsf] cWoogsf nflu s]xL ;docl3b]lv ;lqmo cd]l/sL Ps cg';Gwftfn] oxfF lgs} yf]/} ;+Vofdf kfOg] eP klg ;+/If0fsf] ;f]r gePsf]k|lt uDeL/ c;Gt'li6 AoQm u/]sf 5g\ .
cf7 dlxgf;Dd lg/Gt/ xfa|]nfO{ k5\ofP/ e/v/} dfq :ynut cWoog ;s]sf cd]l/sL cg';Gwftf a|fog ljlnoD; (Brian Williams) n] pQ/L Onfdsf] n]sfnL h+undf hDdf * j6fdfq xfa|] e]6] .
ljZjsf % b]zdf dfq kfOg] xfa|] Onfdsf] pQm If]qdf @) eGbf a9L gePsf] pgsf] cg'dfg 5 . pgsf cg';f/ g]kfnnufot e'6fg, rLg, adf{ / ef/tsf ;dfg k|s[lt ePsf] n]sfnL h+un If]qdf dfq of] clt b'n{e hGt' kfOG5 .
a|fogn] Onfdsf] hd'gf, hf}af/Lb]lv nfnfaf;;Ddsf] If]qdf cWoog u/]sf x'g\ . pgsf] cWoogcg';f/ Onfddf kfOPsf] plNnlvt ;+Vofsf xfa|]dWo] #÷$ j6fdfq otfsf h+undf :yfoL ?kdf a:5g\ . c? ;LdfjtL{ ef/tsf] bflh{lnªdf /x]sf] l;+xnLnf /fli6"o cf/Iflt/ cfphfp ul//xG5g\ .
xfa|]af/] cWoog ug'{kg]{ sf/0f atfpFb} a|fogn] eg]- …;+;f/s} clt b'n{e k|f0fLdWo]sf] klg ! gDa/df /x]sf] of] hGt'sf] k|fs[lts Oltxf; a'em\g' / ;+/If0f ug{' l9nf] e};s]sf] 5, To;}n] .Ú
pgn] xfa|]sf] crDdnfUbf] ljz]iftf ePsf] atfP . of] hGt' klxn] df+zxf/L lyof] . t/ c1ft ;dob]lv of] z'4 zfsfxf/L ePsf] 5 . k|f0fL hutsf] vf]h Oltxf;df df+zxf/L hGt' zfsfxf/Ldf ablnPsfsf] ;+Vof ;+;f/d} b'n{e xf] . xfa|]sf] cr]nsf] vfGsL eg]sf] lgufnf] / dfln+uf]sf slnnf kft ePsf] pgn] hfgsf/L lbP .
Onfdsf] plNnlvt If]q kfl/kl§ ef/tn] !) jif{cl3 cf/If ;'? u/L ;+/If0fsf] sfd yfn]sf] eP klg otflt/ o:tf] s'g} sfo{qmd gx'Fbf dxTjk"0f{ k|f0fLnufot jg:klt klg nf]k eO/x]sf] pgsf] 7x/ 5 . …ef/tlt/ cf/If ePs}n] c;+Vo lab]zL cfpF5g\, t/ g]kfnlt/ g s'g} ;'lawf 5 g t ;+/If0fsf] sfo{qmd g}Ú, pgn] eg], …;+/If0f sfo{df l9nf] ug'{x'Fb}g .Ú
Ps ld6/eGbf ;]s nfdf] / ^ b]lv !) lsnf];Dd tf}n x'g] xfa|]sf] nflu n]sfnL t/ 3dfOnf] 7fpF pko'Qm ePsfn] ef/tsf] cf]em]n k/]sf]] 7fpFeGbf g]kfnsf plNnlvt h+un If]q a9L pko'Qm ePsf] atfpfb} pgn] tTsfn ;+/If0f gul/P oxfFsf xfa|] ;lsg] atfP . of] hGt'sf] cfxf/ lgufnf] / dfln+uf] lg/Gt/ dfl;+b} uPsf] Pj+ ;DalGwt If]qsf dflg;df ;+/If0f-r]tgf gx'g''n] xfa|] ;+s6df k/]sf] 7DofO{ pgsf] 5 .
:yfgLo dflg;x?n] ghfg]/ sltko xfa|] df/]/ vfPsf pgn] kfP . o;}kfln dfq s's'/n] @ j6f / dflg;n] Pp6f u/L # j6f xfa|] df/]sf] ;'g]sf pgn] clxn];Dd slt To;/L dfl/P eGg] cg'dfg ug{ ufx|f] ePsf] ;'gfP .
pgn] gofF tYo klg km]nf kf/]sf 5g\ xfa|]sf] c+u|]hL gfds/0f af/]sf] . To; hGt'nfO{ Onfdsf cflbaf;L nfKrfx?n] k'G8] s'bf] -;]tf] cg'xf/sf] hGt'_ eGg] u/]sf lyP . kl5 lab]zLn] o;}af6 kfG8f gfd /fv]sf] pgsf] 7x/ 5 . of] b'n{e hftsf] xfa|]sf] z/L/ k"/} /ftf] / cg'xf/sf] s]xL efudf ;]tf] x'G5 . cGoq kfOg] kf+u|] kfG8f km/s ePsf] pgL atfpF5g\ .
laZjd} nueu @ xhf/sf] ;+Vofdf dfq ePsf] of] hGt' g]kfnsf nfª6fª, dsfn' a?0f If]qb]lv Onfd / kfFry/sf] ;LdfIf]qdf Go"g ;+Vofdf kfOg] atfpFb} pgL o;sf] a}1flgs cWoog ug{sf nflu klg ;+/If0f cTofjZos cf}+NofpF5g\ . Soflnkmlg{ofsf] ;fg xf]h] :6]6 o'lgel;{6Lsf PdP;;Lsf ljBfyL{ a|fogn] cd]l/sL ;/sf/sf] km'na|fO6 5fqa[lQ sfo{qmdcGtu{t of] cWoog u/]sf x'g\ . t/ pgn] :yfgLo dflg;n] g} o:tf] s'/fsf] cWoog u/] a9L k|efjsf/L x'g] hgfP . …lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf ljBfyL{nfO{ o:tf s'/fsf] cWoogdf nufP pQd x'G5Ú pgn] eg] .

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g]kfnLkf]i6 k|ltlglw
cfof]jf d] @%, @))$

cfof]jfl:yt 8]z df]Ogdf Pl;og km]l:6an sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] sfo{qmddf g]kfn, yfONof08, lkmlnlkG;, sf]l/of, hfkfg, leotgfd, nfcf];, ef/t, rLg, adf{, kfls:tfg, ckmufgL:tfg, sDaf]l8of, cd]l/sf -cfof]jf_, ;lxt !$ j6f b]xz?sf] ;xefuLtf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;xefuL ;a} b]zsf em08fx? kmx/fOPsf lyP .
g]kfnsf] k/Dk/f emNsfpg] p2]Zon] ljjfxsf] a]nfdf g]kfnLn] nufpg] klx/gdf a]x'nf ag]sf :jb]z /fh e6[/fO{ / a]x'nL ag]sL ;~h' e6[/fO{ -bfxfn_ nfO{ df]8nsf] ?kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] eg] g]kfnLsf] klx/gdf lj1fg /fhe08f/L / ;GWof lkVofn] bz{sx?nfO{ dGq d'Uw agfPsf lyP . To;} u/L g]kfnL lkmNd k|]dlk08sf] u}x|L v]tsf] ========= uLtdf clbtL bfxfn / nxgfn] h'/fof]========= uLtdf k|s[lt dfgGw/ / rf+bgL e6[rgn] cfsif{s g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
;f/+uL ;lxtsf] uGwj{ uLt ufpg] cf]d u'?+un] klg sfo{qmdnfO{ /f]df~rs kf/]sf lyP . cGo b]zjf;Ln] klg cfcfk\mgf b]zsf g[To cflb k|:t't u/]sf lyP . g]kfnsf] ko{6sLo If]qsf] klxrfg u/fpg ko{6sLo ljsf; af]8{n] pknJw u/fPsf] k':tsx? lgM z'Ns ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . cd]l/sfsf] o; :6]]6df g]kfn cfof]jf Pzf]l;P;gn] o; sfo{qmdnfO{ ;~rfng u/]sf] lyof] .

x/x/ dxfb]j, tfg;]g af;LnfO{ kfgL b]p Û

dgf]/~hg zdf{,
kfNkf d] @#, @))$

udL{ ;dosf] k|f/De ;+u} kfNkf ;b/d'sfd tfg;]gdf lkpg] kfgLsf ;+s6 b]vf k/]sf] 5 . udL{ ;dodf dfq ;+s6 b]vfkg]{ geO{ jif{ el/ g} tfg;]gdf lkpg] kfgL sf] ;+s6 x'g] ub{5 .
kfgL ljt/0f k|lqmof ljB't\df ;d]t e/ kg]{ x'Fbf xfn s]xL lbg b]lv eO{ /x]sf] ljB't\ clgoldttfn] ubf{ kfgLsf] ljt/0f /fd|f;+u x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
;b/d'sfddf k|of]u x'g] d'Vo kfgLx? E'fNs], xf]nfËL / tLgwf/fdf ;+sng kZrft\ ToxfFjf6 ljB't\ dfWod4f/f klDkË u/L ljleGg 6+sL x?df hDdf u/]/ ljt/0f ug]{ ul/G5 . tL dWo] hfkfg ;/sf/sf] ;xof]udf @% jif{ cufl8 lgdf{0f ePsf] e'Ns] of]hgf ;j} eGbf 7"nf] /x]sf] / pQm of]hgf cGt{ut ToxfFsf] d"nsf] kfgLnfO{ rf/lnˆ6 klDkË u/L ;+sng ul/G5 .
pQm of]hgf ;b/ d'sfdb]lv gf} lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f /x]sf] 5 . ;j} kfgL tfGg] of]hgfx? ljB't\df lge{/ ePsf] x'bfF ljB't\ em\ofKk
-aGb_ x'gf ;fy tfg;]gdf kfgL 7Kk\ x'g] u/]sf] vfg]kfgL kfNkfsf 8LO{ e/t\ jxfb'/ s];L jtfpg'x'G5 . s];Lsf cg';f/ b}lgs @) nfv ln6/ kfgLsf] cfjZos ePsf]df clxn] Ps ltxfO{ cyf{t\ ;f9] 5 ;ft nfv ln6/ dfq ljt/0f x'g ;s]sf] jtfpb} clgoldt ljB't\sf] ;fy} kfgL ;+sng x'g] 9'+Ë] wf/fdf pkef]Qmfsf] j9\bf] rfkn] ubf{ sd kfgL ;+sng x'g] ePsf] x'g] ubf{ klg ;+s6 k/]sf] xf] .
udL{sf] ;dodf kfgLsf] d'xfg jf6 sd kfgL cfpg] x'Fbf klg yk ;d:of j9]sf] xf] . tfg;]gdf lkpg] kfgLsf] ;d:of udL{ ;dodf dfq geO jif{ e/L g} /xg] ub{5 . e'Ns] of]hgfsf] ;fdfgx? k'/fgf eO{ ljlu| /xg] ;d:of w]/} ePsf] l8O{ s];L yKg'x'G5 .
lhNnf vfg]kfgL sfof{nosf cg';f/ lglh ;fj{hlgs / ;fd'bflos ul/ s/Lj !& ;o wf/fx? K|of]udf cfPsf 5g\ . Ps wf/f jf6 Go'gtd\ &* ?k}ofsf] b/n] dx;'n p7fpbf jflif{s s/Lj !^ nfv dx;'n p7\g] / jflif{s ljB't\ vr{dfq ^% nfv p7\g] u5{ .
sd{rf/Lsf] tnj / dd{t vr{ ubf{ s"n jflif{s vr{ Ps s/f]8 eGbf j9L x'G5 . o;/L k|To]s wf/fjfnfsf] efudf jflif{s 5 xhf/ a/fj/ vr{ x'g k'U5 eg] Ps wf/fjfn jf6 Go'gtd\ dx;'n jflif{s gf};o 5lQ; j'emfpg] u5{g\ . o;y{df tfg;]gjf;Lx? clw/fHo d} dxËf] kfgL lkpg] u5{g\ .
pkef]Qmf dfwa cof{nsf cg';f/ vfg]kfgLsf nfuL k|of]udf NofO{Psf kfO{kx? Hofb} k'/fgf ePsfn] r'xfj6 j9L x'g] u/]sf] / kfgL ljt/0f ug]{ k|fljlwsx?n] cfˆgf] O{R5f nfu]sf] 7fFpdf rf}jL;} 306f kfgL lbg] u5{g\ .
clxn] tfg;]gdf Ps lbg lj/fP/ !%÷@) ldg]6 kfgL cfpg] u5{ . 3/df efG;fsf] k|of]usf] nfuL ;d]t ckof{Kt x'g] tfg;]gsf] dxËf] kfgLsf] ljsNksf] ?kdf kof{Kt kfgLsf] cfzf ub}{ l5§f] jvf{ nfuf];\ eGg] sfdgf ub}{ O{Gb| / dxfb]jnfO{ u'xf/L /x]sf 5g\ u[xL0fLx? .
kfgLsf] ;d:of otL j9L 5 sL gu/ leq /x]sf 9'Ë] wf/fx?df htLj]nf klg ufu|L / jflN6gsf nfO{g b]Vg ;lsG5 kfNkfsf] kfgLsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ cfZjf;g k|wfgdGqL b]vL pRr cf]xf]bfsf sd{rf/L ;d]tn] lbPtf klg Tof] cfZjf;g xfQLsf] b]vfpg] bfFt ePsf] 5 .
To;f] t lkpg] kfgLsf] dfu b/jf/ ;Dd klg k6s k6s k'uL ;s]sf] 5 . >L % 1fg]Gb|sf] xfn}sf] kfNkf clegGbg sfo{qmddf j[4 ;dfh;]jL e'odfg lnunn] cfˆgf] lz/sf] 6f]kL km'sfn]/ dxf/fh ;dIf sfsfs'n x'gjf6 tfg;]gjfl;nfO{{ hf]ufpg dfu u/]sf lyP .

k|d tyf dGqLx? sfof{no klg hfFb}gg\ lgjf; klg 5f8\b}gg\

ef]h/fh ef6
sf7df8f}+ d] @#, @))$

eujtL v8\sfsf] s'/f ;'Gbf nfU5, /fhfaf6 z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ k|wfgdGqL kbaf6 ckb:y u/]kl5sf] ;a}eGbf kLl8t JolQm pmg} x'g\ . pgsf] df}lns xs-clwsf/ xgg\ ePsf] 5 . cgf}krfl/s hfuL/ vf]l;Psf] 5 . cem egf}+, pgsf] /f]hL/f]6Ldfly nft xfGg] sfd ePsf] 5 .
k|wfgdGqL lgjf; jfn'jf6f/ cufl8 xf]6]n Joj;fo ug]{ eujtL v8\sfsf] Jofkf/ clxn] rf}k6 5 . b}lgs tLg xhf/, k}lt; ;ohlt cfDbfgL ug]{ v8\sfsf] Jofkf/ clxn] b'O{ ;o a9L x'Fb}g . d'n'sdf k|wfgdGqL gePsf] j]nf pgsf] Jofkf/df rf}k6kg 5fPsf] xf] .
k|hftGq hLljt lyof] t sfostf{ lyP . hgtfsf k|ltlglw jfn'jf6f/df ePsf] j]nf xhf/f}+ sfo{stf{ k|wfgdGqLnfO{ r'gfjdf jfrfjGwg u/]sf] s'/f bafasf ;fy sfo{Gjog ug{ nufpFy] . z]/axfb'/ b]pjf k|wfgdGqLaf6 ckb:y x'g'sf] s]xL ;docl3 ;'b"/klZrdaf;Lsf] tLg ;o hdft s0ff{nL lr;fkfgLsf] ;d:ofsf ;fy 8]lns]zg ug{ cfPsf] lyof] .
aNn eujtL v8\sfn] yfxf kfpFb}l5g\,-k|hftGqdf hgtf / zf;sjLr s:tf] ;DaGw x'Fbf] /x]5 egL . pgn] g]kfnLkf]i6;Fu elGfg\, …z]/axfb'/ k|wfgdGqL x'Fbf;Dd k|wfgdGqL lgjf; dflg; cfpg]sf] lgs} le8 x'GYof], nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ ePkl5 x\jfQ} 36\of], ;"o{axfb'/sf] kfnfdf klg lgs} sddfq dfG5] lyP, clxn]sf] ;dodf t sf]xL klg cfpFb}g k|wfgdGqL sfof{nodf .Ú
;fFv' lgjf;L v8\sf b'O{ jif{ cl3b]lv k|wfgdGqL lgjf; cufl8 xf]6]n vf]n]/ a:b} cfPsL l5g\ . ut j}zfv @% ut] ;'o{axfb'/ yfkfn] /fhLgfdf lbPkl5 jfn'jf6f/l:yt k|wfgdGqL cfhef]ln ;'g;fg ePsf] 5 . v8\sfsf cg';f/ k|wfgdGqL yfkf cfhef]ln k|fo lbge/ aflx/ g} x'G5g\, j]n'sLkvdfq k|wfgdGqL lgjf;df cfpF5g\ .
k|wfgdGqL lgjf;glhs} tLg gDa/ u]6 cufl8sf] j+unfd'vL kmf]6f] :6'l8of]sf dflns uf]s'n zdf{ /fhLgfdfkl5sf] jfn'jf6f/sf] /f}gsdf sdL cfPsf] atfpF5g\ . pgn] eg], …klxn] b}lgs kfFr ;ft k6s cf]x/ bf]xf]/ ug]{ k|wfgdGqLsf] uf8L clxn] Ps k6s klg d'lZsnn] rn]sf] b]lvG5 . cufl8-k5fl8 :sl6{ª u/]/ lx8\g] uf8L sxfF uP/ ylGsPsf] 5, crDd} 5 .Ú
k|wfgdGqL lgjf;sf] d"Vo u]6 cufl8 3/ ePsf dxh{g y/sf g]jf/klg k|wfgdGqLsf] rxnkxn gePsf]df crlDdt 5g\ . …vf]O < b]zdf k|wfgdGqL 5 eGg' ls 5}g eGg' . o:tf] cj:yfdf s;}sf] lj/f]w ug{'klg vt/f x'G5Ú, %% jifL{o tL dxh{g y/sf JolQmsf] egfO lyof] .
j}zfv @% ut] ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] k|wfgdGqL kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbPkl5 >L % 1fg]Gb|af6 csf]{ Joj:yf ;dfNg x's'd ePsf] 5 . ;dfrf/>f]tsf cg';f/ yfkf j}zfv @% kl5sf lbgdf k|wfgdGqL sfof{no uPsf 5}]gg\ . To:t}, pgsf ;xsdL{ dGqLx¿ klg cfkm\gf] sfof{nodf uPsf 5}]gg\ . clxn] dGqLn] ub]{ cfPsf] sfof{clwsf/ cflb ;a} ;lrjn] ;Dxfnb} cfPsf 5g\ .
csf]{ Joj:yf gx'Gh]n;Ddsf nflu yfkfnfO{ g} k|wfgdGqL tf]lsPsf] eP klg lbge/ g yfkf k|d lgjf;df x'G5g\ g t k|wfgdGqL sfof{nod} Û
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf cg';f/ /fhLgfdf lbPkl5sf] sfd rnfp ;/sf/ s]jn gd"gfsf ¿kdf k|ltljlDat x'g]u5{ . csf]{ ;/sf/sf] u7g geP;Ddsf nflu dfq sfd ug]{ ePsf]n] o:tf] ;/sf/n] gLltut lg0f{ox¿ ug{ kfpb}g . of]hgf cfof]ujf/] lg0f{o klg ug{ kfOb}g . To:t}, /fhg}lts lgo"Qm / sd{rf/Lsf] ;¿jf cflb s'g} klg sfd ug{ /f]s nufOPsf] 5 . b}ljk|sf]k of cfktsflnsl:yltdf eg] o:tf] ;/sf/n] sfd ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ lbOPsf] 5 .
;fdfGotof k|wfgdGqLaf6 /fhLgfdf lbPkl5 k|wfgdGqL / dGqL cfkm\gf] lgjf;af6 lg:sg] u5{g\ . ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf clxn] k|wfgdGqL lgjf;df /ftL ;'Tg] u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy}, pxFfsf dGqL d08nsf ;b:ox¿ ;a} dGqL lgjf; k'Nrf]sdf al;/x]sf 5g\ .
k|wfgdGqLn] /flhgfdf lbPkl5 csf]{ Joj:yf geP;Dd ;a}eGbf nfdf] k|wfgdGqLTj rnfpg] JolQm klg ;fob ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf g} kg]{ ePsf 5g\ .

/]l8of] ;u/dfyf cf7f}+ jif{df k|j]z

g]kfnLkf]i6 k|ltlglw
sf7df8f}+ d] @#, @))$

blIf0f Plzofd} klxnf] ;fd'bflos …/]l8of] ;u/dfyfÚ zlgaf/b]lv cf7f}+ jif{df k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . cf7f}+ jif{uf"7sf cj;/df /]l8of] ;u/dfyfn] ljljw sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u¥of] . @)%$ h]7 ( b]lv z'¿ ePsf] /]l8of] ;u/dfyf PkmPd xfn g]kfn jftfj/0f kqsf/ ;d"xåf/f ;Grflnt 5 .
ul/jL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf pkfWoIf 8f= df]xgdfg ;}+h'n] ;d'bfok|lt pQ/bfoL eP/ sfo{qmd pTkfbg tyf ;dfrf/ lbg] /]l8of] ;u/dfyfn] ;flRrs} ;~rf/dfWodsf] ;xL e"ldsf v]n]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf"n] ;d;fdlxs ljifodf ;d4 ljz]if1x¿nfO{ af]nfO 5nkmn u/fpg] /]l8of] ;u/dfyfsf] sfd cg's/0fLo ePsf] rrf{ ug{'eof] .
k"j{ ;~rf/dGqL /fwfs[i0f d}gfnLn] ljleGg cj/f]wnfO{ kf/ub]{ /]l8of] ;u/dfyfn] ;fd'bflos /]l8of]sf] efjgfdf cfkm"nfO{ :yflkt u/]sf]df awfO lbg'eof] . ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ ;lrj d's'Gb zdf{ kf}8]nn] ;/sf/n] ljleGg PkmPdnfO{ a9fjf ug]{ ;/sf/sf] gLlt ePsf]n] xfn b]lvPsf ljleGg cj/f]wnfO{ x6fpg ;/sf/ tTk/ ePsf] atfpg'eof] .
g]s=kf Pdfn]sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /3'hL kGtn] /]l8of] ;u/dfyf :yfkgftfsf Ohfht kq lnbf ljlEfGg cj/f]wnfO{ ;fdgf ug{'k/]sf] ;+:d/0f u/fpb} clxn]sf] cj:yfdf o;n] k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgn] g]kfnL k|zf;snfO{ ;fd'bflos /]l8of]sf] lhDd]jf/L / dxTjjf/] 5nf{¨fPsf] l6Kk0fL ug{'eof] . g]=sf= k|hftflGqssf ;efklt xf]dgfy bfxfnn] !@ jif{ k|hftGqdf ;"rgfsf] qmflGt cfPsf] k|ToIf ;fIfL /]l8of] ;u/dfyf ePsf] pbfx/0f lbg'eof] .
g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf pk-;efklt uf]kfn a'9fyf]sLn] Joj;flostfsf] hu]gf{ ug{df PkmPdsf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] rrf{ ug{'eof] . ;df/f]xdf g]kfn jftfj/0f kqsf/ ;d"x -g]km]h_sf ;efklt tLy{ sf]O/fnfn] /]l8of] ;u/dfyfdf sfo{/t Ps jif{ k'/fgf sdrf{/Lsf] jflif{s pT;jsf cj;/df Ps tx u]|8 a9fOPsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] .
jflif{sf]T;jsf cj;/df g]]km]hsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs cf]d v8\sfn] ;u/dfyf / g]km]hsf] ;femf ejg cfpbf] jif{df lgdf{0f ug]{ tof/L eO/x]sf] atfpg'eof] . ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu ljleGg JolQm-;d'bfoaf6 5 nfv /sd ;+sng ePsf] pxf"n] hgfpg\'eof] .
o;} cj;/df /]l8of] ;u/dfyfn] ljleGg JolQm ;d'bfonfO{ …;fyLÚ agfpg] cleof/ z'¿ u/]sf] 5 . o;cGt{ut x/]s JolQm;"u Ps xhf/ ¿k}ofsf] ;b:otf k|bfg u/L pgLx¿nfO{ /]l8of]dfkm{t ljleGg s'/f /fVg kfpg] cj;/ h'/fOg]5 .